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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Bovine spastic paralysis: cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in normal and spastic calves.

Homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations were determined in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 28 normal calves and 29 spastic calves. Concentrations of HVA were significantly (P less than 0.01) lower in spastic calves, whereas differences in 5-HIAA concentrations were not found between normal and spastic calves. These findings indicate that a lower dopaminergic metabolism takes place in the central nervous system (CNS) of spastic calves.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Simultaneous determination of homovanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in brain tissue, using a double-column procedure.

A double-column procedure for simultaneous determination of homovanillic acid (HVA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in brain tissue was described. These compounds extracted with perchloric acid were adsorbed on Sephadex G-10 in the column. HVA and DOPAC were desorbed from Sephadex G-10 with 0.01 N HCl and then retained on QAE-Sephadex A-25 (acetate form) placed beneath the Sephadex G-10 column. HVA and DOPAC were eluted with small volume of 0.2 mol/l NaCl. 5-HIAA remaining on the Sephadex G-10 was eluted with 0.05 mol/l phosphate buffer at pH 7.5. Each substance was determined fluorometrically. The recovery rates of HVA, DOPAC and 5-HIAA were more than 80, 80 and 85%, respectively. Effects of oxypertine on dopamine (DA) neurons in the rat brain were investigated using the method described here. Oxypertine caused marked increases in the levels of HVA and DOPAC in cortex and striatum of the rat brain, without any obvious change in the level of 5-HIAA after the intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg oxypertine. These findings suggest that the favorable antipsychotic action of oxypertine may be due not only to a marked reduction in brain norepinephrine level, but to a blockade of DA receptors.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1977

Dopamine and serotonin metabolism in neuropsychiatrically disturbed children. CSF homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.

Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and probenecid were measured in four subgroups of neuropsychiatrically disturbed children and a contrast group of pediatric patients. With the exception of a serotonin metabolite difference between autistic and nonautistic psychotic children, there were no significant differences in metabolite concentrations among autistic, nonautistic psychotic, aphasic, and cognitively and attentionally impaired groups, or between the developmentally disabled and contrast groups of children. Younger children had higher concentrations of HVA than older children. Girls had significantly lower HVA/probenecid ratios than boys, which did not appear to be related to underlying neuropsychiatric disorder. Significant probenecid-metabolite correlations indicate the importance of measuring probenecid in the cerebrospinal fluid in clinical studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Relationship between estimated premorbid adjustment and CSF homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels.

The authors completed ratings of premorbid sexual and social adjustment and assays of the CSF homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and probenecid concentrations in 108 psychiatric patients. Among the 30 patients diagnosed as schizophrenic, poor premorbid sexual adjustment was associated with higher accumulations of HVA in the CSF. No relationship between the estimated premorbid social adjustment and CSF HVA levels was observed. These findings suggest that 1) sexual and social premorbid adjustment are partially independent variables, and 2) one of the biological correlates of sexual adjustment in schizophrenic patients may be the functional maturity of central dopamine systems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid cerebrospinal fluid levels. A study with and without probenecid administration of their relationship to the state of consciousness after head injury.

Homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations were measured in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of 98 patients after closed head injury. The HVA levels decreased in patients, whether or not they were given the drug probenecid, which inhibits the active transport of these acids from the brain. The decline of HVA was more notable in patients with the longest duration of unconsciousness. The HVA levels showed no correlation with the state of consciousness at the moment of the lumbar puncture. The 5-HIAA levels were below normal in the conscious patients, but paradoxically, at about normal levels in unconscious patients. The overall results suggest a decreased cerebral dopamine and serotonin metabolism after head injury.

Blood-Brain Barrier↗
PubMed1984

Concentrations of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in cerebrospinal fluid from human infants in the perinatal period.

To assess maturation of central serotonin and catecholamine pathways at birth, we measured lumbar CSF homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), stable acid metabolites of dopamine and serotonin, using HPLC with electrochemical detection. CSFs from 57 neonates (38 premature and 19 at term) and 13 infants 1-6 months old were studied. HVA levels increased with maturity (p less than 0.05; ANOVA), whereas 5-HIAA levels were similar in all these subjects. HVA/5-HIAA ratios increased markedly from 1 +/- 0.12 in the most premature neonates to 1.98 +/- 0.17 in the older infants (p less than 0.01; t test). There were no sex differences for these values.

Aging↗
PubMed1992

Drug-induced changes in blood pressure lead to changes in extracellular concentrations of epinephrine, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat.

Neurochemical changes in the extracellular fluid of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were produced by changes in arterial blood pressure. Blood pressure was raised or lowered with systemic infusions of phenylephrine or nitroprusside and neurochemicals were recovered from RVLM by in vivo microdialysis. A dialysis probe 300 microns in diameter and 500 microns in length was stereotaxically implanted in the RVLM of the urethane-anesthetized rat. Sterile physiological Ringer's solution was perfused at a rate of 1.5 microliter/min. The perfusate was collected under ice-cold conditions every 15 min for the assay of epinephrine, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), ascorbic acid, and uric acid. After stable baseline neurochemical concentrations were achieved, animals were infused with phenylephrine or nitroprusside intravenously to raise or lower the blood pressure. Increasing blood pressure 50 mm Hg above the baseline value by phenylephrine led to a significant reduction in heart rate and a reduction in extracellular epinephrine and DOPAC concentrations. The 5-HIAA concentration was increased during the hypertensive drug infusion. There were no changes in the concentrations of ascorbic acid or uric acid. Hypotension produced by nitroprusside (-20 mm Hg) led to neurochemical changes which were the reciprocal of those seen during hypertension. During hypotension, heart rate increased as did the extracellular fluid epinephrine concentration. The 5-HIAA concentration fell with hypotension and remained depressed following the nitroprusside infusion. Ascorbic acid and uric acid concentrations did not change during hypotension but ascorbic acid did increase after the nitroprusside infusion stopped. These data provide direct evidence that epinephrine release in RVLM is linked to changes in systemic blood pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1981

Homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type.

The possibility of disturbed dopamine and serotonin metabolism in senile dementia of Alzheimer type was studied. The basal concentrations of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were studied in 28 patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type and in 13 controls of similar age with no neurological disease. The concentrations of HVA were significantly reduced in the dementia patients compared to the concentrations of the controls. The values of HVA were also significantly reduced in the most severely demented patients compared to the less severely demented ones. There was a slight but statistically significant decrease in the 5-HIAA levels in the dementia patients compared to the levels of the controls. The 5-HIAA levels were reduced in the most severely demented patients compared to the controls but not when compared with the less severely demented patients. It is concluded that in severe forms of senile dementia of Alzheimer type, there is a decrease in the levels of HVA and 5-HIAA in CSF which may reflect a decreased turnover of dopamine and serotonin. Patients diagnosed as senile dementia of Alzheimer type, but with less severe symptoms, had levels of HVA and 5-HIAA similar to controls.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Low lumbar CSF levels of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in multiple system atrophy with autonomic failure.

Low lumbar CSF concentrations of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in patients with multiple system atrophy attended by autonomic failure (MSA) reflect decreased activity in central dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways. These neurochemical changes are consistent with the neuropathological involvement in MSA and distinguish such patients from those with pure autonomic failure who have normal CSF metabolite levels.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid modifications in CSF of patients with stroke and multi-infarct dementia.

Thirty four patients who had complete ischemic stroke confirmed by neurologic examination, were divided into three groups according to the time elapsed between the first signs of stroke and lumbar puncture: group A, 22-47 h; group B, 48-71 h; group C, 72-96 h. Nineteen patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID) assessed by neurologic and neurophysiologic examinations were also studied. The severity of the neurological deficit was assessed by the Norris rating scale. Nine age-matched subjects without neurologic disease served as controls. Levels of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined in lumbar CSF by a fluorimetric method after separation on Sephadex G-10 columns. HVA levels decreased as the length of time after stroke increased and were lower than controls in MID, while 5-HIAA levels were low in group B and MID. Our results in stroke can be interpreted as showing they are the consequence of dopamine and serotonin global depletion in the early phases of brain ischemia. In MID, the CSF changes might reflect not only tissue loss secondary to multiple infarcts but also the persistence of a state of diffuse ischemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Ventricular fluid homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations in patients with movement disorders.

Ventricular fluid concentrations of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the respective metabolites of dopamine and serotonin, were measured in 57 patients undergoing thalamotomy for relief of movement disorders. The diseases included were Parkinson disease, dystonia, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and posttraumatic or posthypoxic encephalopathy. Untreated parkinsonian patients had the lowest mean HVA level (119 ng per milliliter). Patients with multiple sclerosis or with posttraumatic or posthypoxic encephalopathy with both intellectual impairment and bilateral motor involvement had lower mean HVA levels (197 and 177 ng per milliliter, respectively) than cerebral palsy patients with bilateral motor disease (233 ng per milliliter), dystonia patients (246 ng per milliliter), or multiple sclerosis patients with normal intellect (376 ng per milliliter). The data suggest that diffuse cerebral disease may lead to diminished dopaminergic activity. Ventricular fluid 5-HIAA levels were similar in all groups of patients. Chronic cerebellar stimulation markedly increased ventricular fluid HVA and 5-HIAA levels, indicating that cerebellar stimulation affected cerebral dopaminergic and serotonergic systems.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Simultaneous liquid-chromatographic determination of urinary vanillylmandelic acid, homovanillic acid, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.

We describe a liquid-chromatographic method for quantifying, simultaneously by a single procedure, vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in urine. After solvent extraction of acidified urine, the analytes were chromatographed on a C8 column, with use of a mobile phase of phosphate buffer (20 mmol/L, pH 4.0) and methanol with a variable gradient elution, and detected fluorometrically. We report the analytical recovery, sensitivity, precision, working linear range, and potential for interference from similar molecules or drugs. The results of such tests demonstrate that the proposed method is sensitive and reproducible. It is, furthermore, easy to perform, and thus is suitable for use in the clinical laboratory.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1980

Homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the ventricular CSF of comatose patients with obstructive hydrocephalus.

Ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined every 2 to 4 hours over a period of 1 to 4 days in 12 patients, consisting of seven cases of brain tumor, two cases of cerebrovascular disease, and three cases of head injury. The concentrations of HVA and 5-HIAA varied with time in all cases, and significant correlations were found between the two values in eight cases. However, the relationship between variations of HVA and 5-HIAA levels and rhythms of sleep and waking could not be clarified. Both HVA and 5-HIAA concentrations varied at high levels in two patients whose CSF flow was completely blocked by tumor at the site of the fourth ventricle and aqueduct, respectively. On the contrary, in a case with craniopharyngioma in the third ventricle which blocked the bilateral foramina of Monro, although the HVA values were high, the 5-HIAA values varied at low levels. Of five comatose patients, two had cerebrovascular lesions and three had sustained head injury, and, in four of the five, the values of either one or both of HVA and 5-HIAA were low, but in the fifth case the 5-HIAA value was high. Estimation of HVA and 5-HIAA concentrations in ventricular CSF may be a valuable tool in the investigation of brain monoamine metabolism. However, many factors must be considered in the interpretation of results of clinical studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The fall of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations in brains of mice withdrawn from repeated morphine treatment and their restoration by acute morphine administration.

The striatal homovanillic acid (HVA) and cerebral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations were estimated in male mice withdrawn from 3- to 5-day morphine treatment (total dose: 1,100-2,350 mg/kg). All mice were given probenecid (200 mg/kg, 2 hours). The HVA concentration was decreased (by 26%) in mice withdrawn from 3-day treatment, but the 5-HIAA concentration fell (by 22%) only after 4-day treatment. An acute morphine dose (30 mg/kg, 2 hours) clearly elevated the HVA concentration in mice withdrawn from 4-day treatment, but mice withdrawn from 3-day treatment tended to be tolerant to the HVA concentration elevating effect of morphine. The acute dose increased the 5-HIAA concentration in mice withdrawn from 4-day treatment, by 20-40%, but the mice withdrawn from 3-day treatment were clearly tolerant to this effect of morphine. These results suggest that endogenous activities of dopaminergic and 5-HTergic neurons are attenuated by repeated morphine treatment. However, such attenuation seems to reactivate these neurons to respond to acute morphine administration nearly normally.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Increased concentrations of the monoamine metabolites homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in lumbar and central CSF and of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in lumbar CSF after subarachnoid haemorrhage.

The concentrations of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA), the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and the norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MOPEG) were determined in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) using a mass fragmentographic method. In a first group of 24 patients lumbar CSF was collected during the first 10 days after SAH. The concentrations of HVA and 5-HIAA showed a several-fold increase in the majority of subjects while that for MOPEG was less pronounced in comparison to controls. In a second group of 12 SAH-patients, CSF was collected in 10 ml fractions during surgical clipping of aneurysms. The mean concentrations of HVA, 5-HIAA and MOPEG in lumbar CSF was 469,275 and 39 pmol/l, respectively, whereas central CSF concentrations were 1,212, 499 and 48 pmol/ml, respectively. Compared to healthy controls, both HVA and 5-HIAA showed increased levels (pl 0,01) but MOPEG was within the normal range. No correlation between the concentrations of the monoamine metabolites, the neurological condition or the cerebral vascular diameter was observed in neither of the two groups. It is suggested that the accumulation of HVA and 5-HIAA in SAH patients is explained by a disturbance of the active transport mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Determination of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in human plasma by a simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography assay.

In order to study the pharmacodynamic effects of drugs on dopamine and serotonin metabolism, a reversed-phase HPLC assay coupled with electrochemical detection (ECD) for measuring plasma concentrations of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) was developed. The system was operated isocratically using a mobile phase of aqueous 0.03 M KH2PO4 buffer containing 0.15 mM EDTA in methanol (8.75:1.25), with a final pH of 4.0. The flow rate was set at 1.5 mL/min, and potentials at +450 mV. Using a signal to noise ratio of > 3, the minimum detection limit assessed by direct on-column injection of a standard solution for DOPAC and 5-HIAA was < 1 pg. The assays were linear from basal concentrations (1-10 ng/mL) to 100 ng/mL. The intra- and interassay variations were < 10% and < 20%, respectively.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1979

Concentration of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of patients with obstructive hydrocephalus.

In 12 patients with different posterior fossa tumours the concentrations of homovanillic acid (HVA) and of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured in cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricles. All patients had obstructive hydrocephalus. Patients with a clear increase of 5-HIAA/HVA ratio in the ventricular CSF have died subsequently. This feature may have a diagnostic value, and indicates the prevalence of serotoninergic neurones in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus with fatal course after surgery.

Adult↗