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Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
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For going abroad, taking the correct anti-malarial medication should have high priority. Insect-repellents are a useful preventative. Products to treat insect bites and stings include astringents local anaesthetics antihistamines corticosteroids and crotamiton.
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Millions of wounds are seen in emergency rooms across the United States each year. The goals of wound care for all ages are to avoid infection and achieve an esthetically pleasing and functional scar. This article reviews the care needs associated with acute traumatic wounds. Information presented includes anatomy and physiology of skin and wound healing, and assessment and care of lacerations, bites, and sting wounds.
This article concerns itself with three common reactions (local, toxic and anaphylactic) resulting from insect or arthropod bites and stings. A local reaction consists of sharp, localized pain followed by a reddening at the site, which usually resolves itself in 24 hours. A toxic reaction may include gastrointestinal symptoms, fever, headache, dizziness or convulsions, often following an episode of multiple stings. An anaphylactic reaction may be mild (hives, itching) or severe (systemic reactions including airway and cardiovascular symptoms). Even though most bites and stings are not serious, nurse practitioners should be aware of potential death resulting from insect sting allergy. They should teach hypersensitive patients, or patients with a history of a systemic reaction to any agent, about prophylactic measures. Tables showing the characteristics of insects that cause cutaneous lesions in humans, and measures necessary to decrease the risk of being stung, can be used as learning tools to prevent insect sting allergy. Because of the rapid onset of anaphylaxis, life-saving measures include awareness in persons who are hypersensitive, emergency preparedness and preventing bites and stings from occurring.
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This article summarizes the clinical presentation and treatment of common bites and infestations in the United States. A survey of this complex and interesting area of medicine should help the emergency physician to diagnose and treat many patients who present with "nonspecific" bites and rashes.
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