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PubMed1980

[Renal excretion of urea and electrolytes in sheep after extracellular fluid expansion with an isotonic solution of sodium chloride].

Sheep of the Merino breed, given 10.11 g nitrogen daily (after Czechoslovak Standard CSN 46 7007) were studied for the effect of the expansion of the extracellular fluid (ECF) by an infusion of an isotonic solution of NaCl (at a rate of 5% of live weight), as exerted on the renal excretion of urea and on the sodium and potassium electrolytes. The high natriuresis, induced by the expansion of ECF, resulted in a statistically significant increase in the clearance of urea, free water, and solutions, and in higher diuresis. An increase was observed in the excretion of urea with urine (UureaV; P < 0.005) and in the excretion of the studied electrolytes of sodium (UNaV; P < 0.001) and potassium (UKV; P < 0.005) by the same route. No variation was recorded in the clearance of inulin as a measure of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The fractional excretion of urea, sodium, and potassium also showed a significant increase. The results imply that the fractional excretion of urea increases under the conditions of artificially induced natriuresis.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preparation of human erythrocyte ghosts in isotonic solution: haemoglobin content and polypeptide composition.

Human red blood cell ghosts were prepared by dielectric breakdown of the cell membrane and subsequent electrical haemolysis in isotonic and isoionic solutions. Almost complete removal of haemoglobin (to about 0.1%) could be achieved by subjecting the erythrocytes suspended in isotonic solution to three consecutive electric field pulses of 16 kV/cm in the presence of 10 mM EDTA, followed by dilution with EDTA-free isoionic medium. The cup-shaped ghost cells were electrically homogeneous. The polypeptide composition of the electrically prepared ghost cells, as analyzed by polyacrylamide electrophoresis in 1% SDS, revealed a pattern similar to ghost cells prepared by osmotic haemolysis. However, the band 6, corresponding to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase protomer, was absent from the electrically prepared ghost cells. Also the band 8, which is eluted at low ionic strength, appeared to be very prominent in the electrical preparations.

Cell Fractionation↗
PubMed2001

Ringer-Lactate solution versus isotonic saline solution on mucociliary function after nasal septal surgery.

Irrigation with isotonic saline is one of the most frequently used solutions after nasal surgery. However, the effect of saline solutions on mucociliary clearance is not well known. In a previous study, it was found that isotonic saline solution had a negative effect on ciliary beat frequency but Ringer-Locke solution had no effect in vitro. In this study we compared the effects of Ringer-Lactate solution and isotonic saline solution on mucociliary transport time before, and after, nasal septal surgery in patients with nasal septal deviation. We found that patients who used Ringer-Lactate solution as irrigation after surgery had a significantly better mucociliary transport time than the patients using isotonic saline solution (p < 0.05). In conclusion, it is better to use Ringer-Lactate solution instead of 0.9 per cent saline solution for nasal irrigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of hypotonic and isotonic solutions containing sodium hyaluronate on the symptomatic treatment of dry eye patients.

This study was designed to compare the efficacy of two artificial tears both containing hyaluronic acid but differing in their osmolarity. A multicentric double-masked, crossover clinical trial was performed in which 158 subjects were randomized to receive either hypotonic or isotonic artificial tears up to 6 times a day. Both treatments were effective in improving signs and symptoms to a similar extent. No adverse events were reported. It was concluded that hypotonic and isotonic eye drops are comparable for the symptomatic treatment of patients suffering from dry eye syndrome.

Cross-Over Studies↗