PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Lumpy Skin Disease”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Excretion of lumpy skin disease virus in bull semen.

This work was done to establish the incidence and duration of excretion of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) in semen of experimentally infected susceptible bulls. Six serologically negative bulls 11-20 months of age were experimentally infected with a virulent field isolate (strain V248/93) of LSDV. Animals were observed for the development of clinical signs, blood was collected until day 90 after infection, and semen was collected every second day until day 18, then twice a week till day 63 and twice a month until three consecutive samples were negative when tested for LSDV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). An aliquot of each sample which tested positive using PCR was inoculated onto cell monolayers for the recovery of virus. Two bulls developed severe lumpy skin disease (LSD), two bulls showed mild signs and two bulls showed a transient fever only. Multiple samples were positive on PCR from both of the severely affected bulls and one of the mildly affected bulls; between days 10 and 159, days 8 and 132, and days 10 and 21 respectively. Only one sample from each of the other three bulls was positive on PCR. Virus was only isolated from two samples from one of the severely affected bulls and from five semen samples from the other. This study confirmed the excretion of LSDV in bovine semen for prolonged periods, even when obvious clinical signs of the disease were no longer apparent.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Neutralising antibodies to lumpy skin disease virus in African wildlife.

A total of 3445 sera from 44 different wild species collected between 1963 and 1982 in 11 African countries south of the Sahara, were examined for neutralising antibodies to Lumpy Skin Diseases (LSD) Virus (prototype Neethling). Antibodies were demonstrated in six species but were of low prevalence. It was concluded from the generally negative results, that wildlife in Africa probably does not play a very important part in he perpetuation and spread of LSD Virus.

Africa, Southern↗
PubMed1982

A study of the pathology of lumpy skin disease in cattle.

Microscopic lesions in cattle infected with the virus of the Neethling form of lumpy skin disease comprised a granulomatous reaction in the dermis and hypodermis which extended to the surrounding tissue. During the early stages of the lesions a vasculitis and lymphangitis with concomitant thrombosis and infarction resulted in necrosis and oedema. A hallmark of the acute to subacute stages of the lesions was the presence of intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions in various cell types. The inclusions consisted of the viroplasm which was identified as aggregates of electron-dense, finely granular to fibrillar deposits in which membrane-enclosed virions and occasional groups of tubular structures were observed. Various cytopathogenic changes were observed in cells exhibiting viral proliferation. The morphogenesis of the virions is discussed in relation to the cytopathogenic changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Early and late transcriptional phases in the replication of lumpy-skin-disease virus.

Approximately 71 of the estimated 145 kilobase pairs of the genome of the South African isolate of lumpy-skin-disease virus, Neethling strain, was cloned into the plasmid vector pBluescribe. Selected clones were used in Northern blot analysis to investigate the replication cycle of the virus. The synthesis of early mRNA was initiated immediately after infection, and continued for approximately 9 h. The transition to late-gene transcription occurred approximately 10 h post-infection and required DNA replication. Transcription of endogenous late genes cannot occur when viral DNA replication is prevented, while it is activated after DNA replication has occurred. The cloned fragments of the genome are expected to help in the identification of important promoter elements.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Attempted mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by biting insects.

The mosquitoes Anopheles stephensi Liston and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae), the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus (Diptera: Muscidae) and the biting midge Culicoides nubeculosus Meigen (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) were allowed to feed on either lumpy skin disease (LSD) infected animals or through a membrane on a bloodmeal containing lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). These arthropods were then allowed to refeed on susceptible cattle at various intervals after the infective feed. Virus was detected in the insects by polymerase chain reaction immediately after feeding and at sufficiently high titre to enable transmission to occur. However, no transmission of virus from infected to susceptible animals by An. stephensi, S. calcitrans, C. nubeculosus and Cx. quinquefasciatus was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of lumpy skin disease virus, a capripoxvirus, as a replication-deficient vaccine vector.

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a capripoxvirus with a host range limited to ruminants, was evaluated as a replication-deficient vaccine vector for use in non-ruminant hosts. By using the rabies virus glycoprotein (RG) as a model antigen, it was demonstrated that recombinant LSDV encoding the rabies glycoprotein (rLSDV-RG) was able to express RG in both permissive (ruminant) and non-permissive (non-ruminant) cells. The recombinant LSDV, however, replicated to maturity only in permissive but not in non-permissive cells. Recombinant LSDV-RG was assessed for its ability to generate immunity against RG in non-ruminant hosts (rabbits and mice). Rabbits inoculated with rLSDV-RG produced rabies virus (RV) neutralizing antibodies at levels twofold higher than those reported by the WHO to be protective. BALB/c mice immunized with rLSDV-RG elicited levels of RV-specific cellular immunity (T-cell proliferation) comparable with those of mice immunized with a commercial inactivated rabies vaccine (Verorab; Pasteur Merieux). Most importantly, mice immunized with rLSDV-RG were protected from an aggressive intracranial rabies virus challenge.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Protection of cattle against rinderpest and lumpy skin disease with a recombinant capripoxvirus expressing the fusion protein gene of rinderpest virus.

Cattle were protected against challenge with rinderpest and lumpy skin disease viruses by vaccination with a recombinant capripoxvirus containing the fusion protein (F) gene of rinderpest virus. The minimum protective immunising doses for rinderpest and lumpy skin disease were 5.5 x 10(4) plaque forming units (pfu) and 1.5 x 10(3) pfu, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of serum lysosomal enzymatic activities. II. Effect of lumpy skin disease in Egyptian cows.

Clinical findings and lysosomal enzymes (LYE) in eight lumpy skin diseases (LSD) cows and same number of healthy ones were reported in Tal-El Baker village and Tal Alkabir centre, Ismailia province, Egypt. LSD began with fever, anorexia, skin lesions in form of nodules all over the body, which disappeared spontaneously or gathered to form large lumps. It was complicated with respiratory manifestation, corneal opacity, mastitis, dehydration and later on recumbency. It is noteworthy that the level of 3 LYE showed the same trend of significant reduction in acute stage of the disease (5 days after occurrence of LSD) probably due to injection of animals with a therapeutics dose of terramycin. Acid-phosphatase (ACP) enzyme is the sole that behaved very high significant increase in the serum in acute stage of LSD due to the damaged tissues caused by the virus. It underwent insignificant decrease in late stage of the disease (20 days after its occurrence) to restore the normal LYE level in control cows indicating recovery. Alpha-galactosidase (alpha-GAL) decreased perpetually by the progression of LSD because of the decreased bactericidal index which ist in concomitance with the secondary bacterial invader. N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) and beta-galactosidase (beta-GAL) in LYE had the same fluctuating manner. The activities showed very highly significant decrease in acute stage, followed by highly significant and significant increases (late LSD stage) respectively. The appreciable significant increase of beta-GAL may declare the effect of anorexia on LSD. In view of these findings, it can be postulated that LSD may be diagnosed and prognosed through LYE changes in the serum.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1986

Concurrent outbreak of pseudo-lumpy skin disease and acute Trypanosoma vivax infection in cattle.

Pseudo-lumpy skin disease and acute Trypanosoma vivax infections occurred simultaneously in a dairy herd which had no previous history of trypanosomiasis. The onset of the outbreak was sudden and 29 out of the 40 adult Friesian and exotic x zebu cattle were found to have skin lesions. Five out of the nine animals sampled had fulminating T. vivax parasitaemias with packed red cell volumes ranging from 0.09 to 0.28 litres/litre. Whereas carried tsetse may have introduced T. vivax, the failure to trap tsetse and the presence of large numbers of biting flies strongly suggested that in this outbreak both aetiological agents were transmitted mechanically.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Identification and characterisation of an early/late bi-directional promoter of the capripoxvirus, lumpy skin disease virus.

Identification and characterisation of an early/late bi-directional promoter element of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is described. The 56 bp element shows substantial structural similarities with other poxvirus promoters, providing further evidence that transcriptional elements are conserved within the Poxviridae. The relative strengths of the LSDV early and late promoters were compared to the vaccinia virus (VV) P7.5K and P11K promoters in transient expression assays. These transient assays also verified the temporally regulated nature of the promoter. Favourable expression levels suggest that the identified LSDV promoters could be used for expressing foreign genes in a recombinant LSDV system.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Immune responses to recombinants of the South African vaccine strain of lumpy skin disease virus generated by using thymidine kinase gene insertion.

The South African vaccine strain of lumpy skin disease virus (type SA-Neethling) is currently being developed as a vector for recombinant vaccines of economically important livestock diseases throughout Africa. In this study, the feasibility of using the viral thymidine kinase gene as the site of insertion was investigated and recombinant viruses were evaluated in animal trials. Two separate recombinants were generated and selected for homogeneity expressing either the structural glycoprotein gene of bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) or the two structural glycoprotein genes of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). Both recombinants incorporate the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a visual marker and the Escherichia coli guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (gpt) gene for dominant positive selection. The LSDV-RVFV recombinant construct (rLSDV-RVFV) protected mice against virulent RVFV challenge. In a small-scale BEFV-challenge cattle trial the rLSDV-BEFV construct failed to fully protect the cattle against virulent challenge, although both a humoral and cellular BEFV-specific immune response was elicited.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Immunogenicity of a recombinant lumpy skin disease virus (neethling vaccine strain) expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein in cattle.

Rabies virus (RV) readily infects cattle and causes a fatal neurological disease. A stable vaccine, which does not require the maintenance of a cold chain and that is administered once to elicit lifelong immunity to rabies would be advantageous. The present study describes the construction of a live recombinant lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) vaccine, expressing the glycoprotein of rabies virus (RG) and assessment of its ability to generate a humoral and cellular immune response against rabies virus in cattle. Cattle inoculated with the recombinant virus (rLSDV-RG) developed humoral immunity that was demonstrated in ELISA and neutralisation assays to RV. High titres of up to 1513IU/ml of RV neutralising antibodies were induced. In addition, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from rLSDV-RG-immunised animals demonstrated the ability to proliferate in response to stimulation with inactivated RV, whereas the animal vaccinated with wild type LSDV did not. This recombinant vaccine candidate thus has the potential to be used in ruminants as a cost-effective vaccine against both lumpy skin disease (LSD) and rabies.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Importance of thymidine kinase activity for normal growth of lumpy skin disease virus (SA-Neethling).

In order to study the importance of an intact thymidine kinase (TK) gene for the vaccine strain of a southern African capripoxvirus, namely, lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) (type SA-Neethling), a TK disruption recombinant was generated expressing the Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (lacZ) reporter gene. A comparative growth study of the recombinant and wild-type (wt) LSDV in TK-positive primary and secondary cells and TK-negative secondary cells was performed. It was found that although recombinant and wt virus both grew in TK-positive cells without selection, the recombinant was unable to grow in TK-negative cells (with or without selection), indicating that TK activity is important, if not essential, for normal growth of LSDV.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Use of a polymerase chain reaction assay to detect bovine herpesvirus type 2 DNA in skin lesions from cattle suspected to have pseudo-lumpy skin disease.

Beef cattle from a herd in north Alabama were examined because of an outbreak of nonfatal skin disease characterized by discrete circumscribed areas of inflammation that developed on the skin from the neck to the hips. Areas of inflammation, which tended to be superficial, underwent necrosis and scabbed over. The scabs eventually dropped off leaving discrete, round, whitish, hairless lesions that were 1.2 to 2.5 cm diameter. Because clinical signs were consistent with those expected with pseudo-lumpy skin disease (PLSD) caused by bovine herpesvirus type 2 (BHV-2), samples from 16 representative animals were submitted for BHV-2 testing. All 16 animals were seropositive for BHV-2, but the virus could not be isolated from skin biopsy specimens or buffy coat samples. Results of a polymerase chain reaction assay incorporating primers designed to amplify 2 DNA sequences from BHV-2 were positive for 3 of the 10 cattle, suggesting that skin lesions in these cattle were a result of PLSD. Our findings suggest that PLSD may be more common and widespread in the United States than suggested by the frequency with which BHV-2 has been isolated from cattle with PLSD-like skin lesions.

Alabama↗