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PubMed1979

[Granulomatous myositis during collagenosis (one case) and suprasellar dysgerminoma (one case) (author's transl)].

Two cases of mainly interstitial myositis with epitheloid and giant cells are reported. In the first case, the late amyotrophic-type paralysis of the two girdles, of the clinical myositis type, was associated with severe myocardial damage, the atrioventricular conduction disorder requiring a pace-maker. This observation would appear to be a true polymyositis of the collagen diseases, in view of the associated skin affection, death occurring within a year, a large increase in serum muscle enzymes and urine creatine, the existence of a rheumatoid factor and striated muscle antibodies, and a large increase in M and G immunoglobulins. In the 2nd case, the amyotrophic affection of the pelvic girdle was associated with progressive blindness, diabetes insipidus, and anterior pituitary insufficiency. Death occurred after two years and autopsy showed a suprasellar dysgerminoma (ectopic pinealoma) without any visceral localization of sarcoidosis. The authors discuss the concept of granulomatous polymyositis, autonomous with respect to the sarcoidosis, and sometimes symptomatic of an inflammatory connective tissue condition or a malignant tumor.

Blindness↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nodular fasciitis and proliferative myositis as variants of one disease entity.

The concept of nodular fasciitis and proliferative myositis as variants of the same fibroblastic disorder is supported by intermediary cases, showing simultaneous features thought to be typical of either nodular fasciitis or proliferative myositis. Various other anatomical, pathological and clinical similarities found in this study of 100 cases support such conclusions. 'Ganglion-like' cells were a distinct, but not exclusive, feature of all cases with sole, or only partial, muscle involvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Equine myositis and septicemia caused by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus infection.

Myositis and septicemia caused by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus were diagnosed in a mare. The infection was characterized clinically by ventral swelling and edema, diarrhea, listlessness, and rectal temperature of 39.4 C. The mare was treated symptomatically for 2 days but died on the 3rd day. Conditions seen at necropsy were myositis, enteritis, typhlitis, colitis, and hepatitis. Lymph nodes were moderately enlarged throughout the body. Gross lesions in musculature were edema, scarring, petechiae, and an occasional exxhymosis. The enteritis was catarrhal, with excessive mucus and moderate hyperemia. The typhlitis and colitis were hemorrhagic. The swollen liver had a diffuse mottled pale and red pattern. Microscopic lesions in skeletal muscle consisted of petechiation, necrosis, scarring, and edema. Cardiac muscle was also scarred and necrotic, but edema was not prominent. Periacinal necrosis was found in the liver. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was isolated from myocardium and liver.

Acinetobacter Infections↗
PubMed1976

Nontraumatic myositis ossificans in healthy individuals.

Myositis ossificans has been subclassified into three categories: traumatic, progressive, or those cases associated with neuromuscular and chronic disease. Four cases of myositis ossificans occurred in otherwise healthy individuals without any history of trauma. These four patients illustrate a fourth and distinct subclassification of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Focal myositis.

Focal myositis, a new distinct clinicopathologic entity, is a benign inflammatory pseudotumor of skeletal muscle. Based on a study of 16 cases, the disease which affects both children and adults typically evolves over a period of several weeks as a localized painful swelling within the soft tissue of an extremity. At surgery the lesion is frequently considered a neoplasm, appearing pale in color and poorly demarcated from the surrounding muscle. Histologically there is lymphocytic infiltration of the perimysial and endomysial spaces, scattered muscle fiber necrosis and regeneration, and interstitial fibrosis. The etiology is unknown, but a history of trauma or family background of a similar disease was specifically excluded. Although polymyositis may be suspected initially because of muscle pain and inflammation, the process remains confined to a single area and signs of systemic disease are not encountered. Follow-up information obtained 2--6 years after surgery indicates no recurrence of the lesion in any of 16 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasound appearance of myositis ossificans.

Ultrasonic evaluation of a soft tissue mass of the thigh was performed and suggested the diagnosis of myositis ossificans. Correlation with routine radiographic studies is made, as well as with the follow-up radiographic examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Myositis ossificans following head injury (author's transl)].

This is a report on 14 patients with myositis ossificans with simultaneous head injury. Predilected sites are the hip and elbow joints as well as thigh musculature, where particularly in the youthful and younger adults ossifications occur 5--8 weeks after the accident. Premature operative treatment is useless because of the danger of recurrence. The process of ossification usually comes to a standstill 8--12 weeks following the trauma. The diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical examination (hardening of muscles, immobility of joints) and X-ray pictures. The pathogenesis and modes of therapy are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the incidence of this complication of head injury in various age groups is evaluated statistically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ultrastructural evidence of myofibroblasts in pseudomalignant myositis ossificans.

Seven cases of pseudomalignant ossifying myositis with a typical clinical symptomatology have been reported. None of the cases had experienced an injury. All the lesions were intramuscular and all of them showed a zonal arrangement. Electron microscopy in three cases allowed the demonstration of cells showing morphological features of myofibroblasts and monocytic cells of the macrophage type. These previously unreported features together with the zonal pattern of the lesions indicate their reparative nature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Inclusion body myositis. A "slow-virus" infection of skeletal musculature?

We report the case of a 56-years old patient with clinical symptoms of an unresolved neuromuscular disease. The light microscopic studies of a muscle biopsy from the m. triceps shows the picture of a diffuse muscular atrophy. By electron microscopy, myelin-like degeneration zones with tubular-filamentous inclusions can be shown in the cytoplasma of the atrophic muscle cells. These filamentous structures correspond morphologically to the nucleocapside of paramyxoviruses. These results lead, even without the proof of inflammatory cells, to the diagnosis of an "inclusion body" myositis also taking into account the clinical and electrophysiological findings.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

The epidemiology of tropical myositis in the Mengo Districts of Uganda.

In the five-year period 1964-68 1,335 patients were admitted to Mulago Hospital, Kampala, with tropical myositis. The marked increase in the number of admissions during the study period is attributed to a change in the utilization of the hospital rather than to a true increase in the incidence of the disease. There was found to be only slight variation in incidence between different age and sex groups and there was no convincing evidence that immigrants from high altitude areas, where the disease is rare, were at different risk. There was statistically significant month-to-month variation in admission rates but there was no apparent correlation with rainfall, and no marked seasonal variation. During the quinquennium there was a changing pattern of admission rates for patients from different counties, and some evidence of 'space-time' clustering. These findings are compatible with the primary muscle damage being induced by a virus or the presence of aberrant hookworm larvae, but an ingested toxin cannot be excluded. Trauma may also play a role in determining localization of the disease in some cases.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Focal myositis of the neck.

Focal myositis is a recently defined, rapidly growing, inflammatory pseudotumor of skeletal muscle. It is characterized by marked myopathic changes of muscle fibers, hypocellular fibrosis of perimysium and endomysium, and an intense inflammatory reaction in the fibrous septa. This report describes the first instance involving the neck muscle of a 40 year old man. A brief discussion of other histologically similar subcutaneous lesions is also presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Non-traumatic myositis ossificans circumscripta (author's transl)].

The clinical, pathological and radiological features and the differential diagnosis of the very rare condition of non-traumatic myositis ossificans circumscripta are illustrated by one patient. The characteristic radiological appearances make a correct diagnosis of this localised, non-malignant process possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of traumatic myositis ossificans circumscripta; use of aspiration and steroids.

The classification, clinical presentation, forms of treatment, and theories of pathogenesis of traumatic myositis ossificans circumscripta are reviewed. A group of 7 patients with this lesion was treated with hematoma aspiration and injection of steroids, lysosomal enzymes, and xylocaine, resulting in significant limitation of disability. The determining factor in the development of this disorder seems to be the response of local soft tissues to trauma rather than the magnitude of the trauma itself which we feel accounts for the success of the form of treatment described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Mast cell sensitizing antibodies in experimental myositis.

Mast cell sensitizing antibodies, direct mast cell degranulation and positive delayed skin tests were detected in guinea pigs and rats during experimental paralysis provoked by inoculation with acetylcholine receptors from the Electrophorus electricus. The animals also developed fluorescent antibodies to the sarcolemma, and massive myositis with histological changes in muscles similar to those characterizing clinical polymyositis.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1976

Tropical myositis: ultrastructural studies.

Specimens of muscle were obtained from non-suppurating lesions of nine patients with tropical myositis. When examined in an electron microscope, these revealed patchy myocytolysis with loss of band structure. Perimysial cells were also degenerate. Sections from two out of nine patients revealed intracellular vesicles, about 80 nm in diameter, some of which contained 10 nm granules. These vesicles were seen budding from cell membranes and resembled virus particles. The focal necrosis with which they are associated and their absence from control sections support the concept that they are related to the disease process.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1975

Syphilitic myositis.

A case of myositis associated with secondary syphilis is described. Complete recovery occurred after antisyphilitic treatment.

Humans↗