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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cochleovestibular nerve compression syndrome. I. Clinical features and audiovestibular findings.

Cochleovestibular nerve compression syndrome (CNCS) is the term used to describe a group of audiovestibular symptoms thought to be due to a vessel compressing the cochleovestibular nerve. These symptoms include recurrent vertigo, continuous disequilibrium and acquired motion intolerance. Recently, Moller reported that CNCS can be diagnosed based on abnormalities in the auditory brainstem response (ABR). After specifically excluding all other vestibular disorders, 63 patients with symptoms suggestive of CNCS were identified. These patients were systematically evaluated with a standard neurotologic test battery, and the results were reviewed retrospectively. Hearing loss was found in 51 (81%) of 63 cases, including 33 cases of unilateral high-frequency loss and 14 cases of middle-frequency loss. ABR data were interpreted with respect to Moller's criteria, and abnormal studies were found in 42 (75%) of 56 cases. Abnormal electronystagmograms were found in 57 (93%) of 61 cases. Thirteen of the patients subsequently underwent a posterior fossa procedure for vertigo and, vessels were found in contact with the cochleovestibular nerve in 11 of 13 cases. The results of this study suggest that the majority of CNCS patients have neurotologic test findings that suggest an abnormality of the cochleovestibular nerve. The results and their implications are discussed.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1993

[Nerve compression syndromes in sports climbers].

Among 119 sports climbers 18 nerve compression syndromes were found. Three climbers with CTS were examined in MR imaging to identify anatomical or pathological structures which could cause the symptoms of CTS.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Nerve compression syndromes in sport climbers.

The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate nerve compression syndromes of the upper and lower extremity in sport climbing. Although considerable research has been conducted on orthopedic problems associated with sport climbing, there has been little comprehensive evaluation of the associated neurological problems. The retrospective study performed on 83 active sport climbers presenting with complaints of the upper or lower extremity showed that 21 climbers (25.3%) were diagnosed with a nerve compression syndrome, 14 climbers of the upper extremity, 7 climbers of the lower extremity. Most nerve compression syndromes could be treated by combined conservative modalities (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ice, splinting, physical therapy, rest or decreased training with a rehabilitation training program) and changes in climbing patterns (scientific training planning with warming up and cooling down as well as stretching exercises, longer rest periods, different hand positions, appropriate climbing shoes). Surgical decompression was rarely necessary. Nerve compression syndromes must be included in the general spectrum of medical problems associated with sport climbing.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Sensibility testing in peripheral-nerve compression syndromes. An experimental study in humans.

Sensibility testing in peripheral-nerve compression syndromes was investigated in an experimental study in humans. Twelve volunteer subjects had controlled external compression of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel at a level of forty, fifty, sixty, and seventy millimeters of mercury. The subjects were then monitored for thirty to 240 minutes with four sensory tests: two-point discrimination, moving two-point discrimination, Semmes-Weinstein pressure monofilaments, and vibration. Sensory and motor conduction, subjective sensations, and motor strength were also continuously tested. The threshold tests (vibration and Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments testing) consistently reflected gradual decreases in nerve function in both subjective sensation and electrical testing, while the innervation density tests (two-point discrimination and moving two-point discrimination) remained normal until nearly all sensory conduction had ceased. Decreased muscle strength occurred late, and not until changes had already occurred in each of the sensory tests. Threshold tests of sensibility correlated accurately with symptoms of nerve compression and electrodiagnostic studies, and are being evaluated for clinical use in a variety of peripheral-nerve compression syndromes.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1993

[Bilateral reversed palmaris longus muscle--a rare cause of peripheral median nerve compression syndrome. Case report].

A rare case of median nerve compression syndrome outside the carpal tunnel in the distal forearm is reported. A 21-year-old man suffered while working from symptoms of temporary median nerve compression in both forearms; this was caused by hypertrophy of reversed palmaris longus muscles. Resection of the abnormal muscle bellies relieved the symptoms immediately. Only ten similar cases have been reported in the literature, and this is the first case with bilateral symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Vascular causes of median and ulnar nerve compression syndromes].

From a group of more than 200 patients with median and ulnar nerve compression syndrome three cases of interest are demonstrated in detail. In these cases vascular complications led to acurate events accompanied by grave symptoms. In order to prevent irreversible damage surgical treatment of such cases is indicated as soon as possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Differential diagnosis of distal peripheral nerve compression syndrome of the tibial nerve. Case report of primitive neuroectodermal tumor].

Tumors of the tibial nerve are not sufficiently taken into account in the diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndromes (TTS). They may present with atrophy of the plantar flectors and with disturbances of sensory functions, but far more commonly with pain. Diagnosis is often only achieved after 1-2 years. Taking tumors into account when examining patients presenting with TTS may lead to a more rapid diagnosis and to improvement in patients' prognoses. We present the case of a 37-year-old female in whom a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) was found to be the cause of long-standing pain in the right foot.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Heterotopic ossification and ulnar nerve compression syndrome of the elbow. A report of two cases].

Heterotopic ossification is a well known complication in patients after longterm coma following CNS trauma. The association of heterotopic ossification and a nerve compression syndrome situated near the calcifications is less common. The authors present 2 CNS traumatised patients who secondarily developed the association of heterotopic ossification of the elbow with a compressive syndrome of the ulnar nerve. Although heterotopic ossification does not appear to be the direct cause of the nerve compression, it certainly promotes compression it because of the flexion it causes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medial epicondylectomy for ulnar nerve compression syndrome at the elbow.

Nineteen patients were evaluated 6--17 months after medial epicondylectomy (22 extremities) for ulnar nerve compression syndrome at the elbow. Medial epicondylectomy removes the prominence against which the ulnar nerve can be traumatically compressed and no operative handling of the nerve is necessary. Pre- and postoperative nerve conduction velocities were combined with subjective and objective evaluations of all patients. Statically significant correlations were found between the result and the postoperative nerve conduction velocity and the result and the per cent change of nerve conduction velocity. Ten extremities were classified as good results (48%), 4 as fair results (17%), and 8 as poor results (35%). Four limbs in the poor category and one limb in the fair category had electrical evidence of proximal compression neuropathy which compromised the end result. Exclusion of the patients with evidence of proximal neuropathy would yield 76% good or fair results. Measurement of ulnar nerve lengths in fresh cadavers demonstrated that ulnar nerve conduction velocity studies should be performed at 70 degrees of elbow flexion if accurate pre- and postoperative velocities are to be obtained.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical treatment of peripheral nerve compression syndromes].

Among 12,476 patients with diseases of the peripheral nervous system 54.3% had radical syndromes, 16.3% had acute injuries of the nerves, 25.2% had entrapment syndromes, 3.8% suffered from polyneuropathies and other diseases. Entrapment syndromes were encountered in 3143 patients. Carpal, ulnar, and tarsal canal syndromes, thoracic outlet syndrome, and syndromes of entrapment of the radial and peroneal nerves prevailed. A total of 763 operations were performed for the entrapment syndromes. The distribution of the syndromes and operations is shown in the table. From 10 to 20% of patients with tunnel syndromes needed surgical treatment. From 12 to 34 upper extremities were operated on annually per 100,000 population for the carpal tunnel syndrome; 90% of the operations were performed at out-patient clinics. Interfascicular neurolysis by means of microsurgical techniques was conducted mainly in the cubital tunnel syndrome. Operations in entrapment lesions are marked by high efficacy.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Median nerve compression syndrome at the elbow (author's transl)].

Twelve cases of median nerve compression at the elbow are presented. More than half of them showed only an anterior interosseous nerve syndrome (Kiloh-Nevin). Nevertheless, surgical exploration was performed from the brachial tunnel to the superficialis arch. When the neurolysis occurred reasonably early, uniform good results were obtained.

Elbow↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nerve compression syndromes of the upper extremity exemplified by rare lesions].

By means of three not so common nerve compression lesions the authors comment diagnostics, indication and timing of operation. The indication for operation is given by clinical features and the course of disease. The technical findings, e.g. electromyography and electroneurography are just of supporting value. One should remember that there are not always pathologic findings in nerve compressions. By means of several own cases of suprascapular nerve entrapment, interosseous-anterior-syndrome and entrapment of the posterior interosseous nerve in the arcade of Frohse anatomical findings, clinical items, differentialdiagnosis and operative treatment are demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Proximal ulnar nerve compression syndrome with special reference to the m. epitrochleo-anconaeus].

Subluxation and luxation of the ulnar nerve are normally congenital and can result in not only an irritation of the nerve but also sensory loss and motor weakness. The structures overlying the ulnar groove are responsible for the extent of nerve dislocation. In the case of subluxation, the ulnar nerve is compressed near the medial epicondyle by the edge of the ligamentous or muscular roof of the ulnar groove. In the case of luxation, ulnar nerve compression is located more distally under the aponeurotic arch of the M. flexor carpi ulnaris. We, therefore, distinguish between a proximal and a distal mechanism of nerve compression. In the years from 1970 to 1984 216 ulnar nerve compression syndromes in the elbow area have been treated and 208 cases have been evaluated. The authors found 77 proximal mechanisms (37%) and 54 distal mechanisms (26%). In 43 cases the proximal pressure was due to the ligamentum epitrochleo-anconaeum (20.7%) and in 34 cases to the epitrochleo-anconeal muscle.

Elbow Joint↗