SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “OCCLUSIVE DRESSINGS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1977

Ambulatory treatment of psoriasis: combined use of occlusive dressings with locacorten tar at night and 'open' treatment with locasalen during the day.

Fifty patients with refractory psoriasis were treated with a combined method consisting in the application of occlusive dressings with Locacorten Tar ointment at night and of 'open' treatment (without occlusive dressings) with Locasalen ointment during the day. The aim of this trial was to obtain the benefit of the occlusive-dressing method without having to hospitalize the patients. The mean time required for the eradication of psoriatic scales was 3.46 days, while that needed for complete recovery was 14 days. The results clearly indicated that this combined approach has all the advantages of occlusives dressings but allows the patient greater freedom during the day. The very good effect of the treatment is also attributable to the triple action obtained with this combination: the anti-epidermoplastic effect of flumethasone pivalate, the squamolytic effect of salicylic acid, and the keratoplastic action of the tar compound.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Delayed infections following full-face CO2 laser resurfacing and occlusive dressing use.

BACKGROUND: Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser resurfacing has become an increasingly popular procedure for the treatment of facial rhytides and solar damage. Yet despite ongoing advancements in laser technology, CO2 laser resurfacing is still a risk-laden procedure that may lead to complications such as infection. Occlusive dressings increase the healing rate and decrease pain intensity in patients who receive full face laser resurfacing. It has been said that the use of occlusive dressings in postresurfacing patients may increase the risk of infection, which typically presents 2-10 days after the procedure. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to report the incidence of infection following full-face CO2 laser resurfacing of 354 patients who were treated with occlusive dressings. In addition, factors which may have contributed to the delayed onset in three of the four infections are discussed. METHODS: Three hundred fifty-four patients received full-face CO2 laser resurfacing. Either a continuous wave CO2 laser with a computer-generated scanner (396 microseconds dwell time, 18 W) or a pulsed CO2 laser (500 mJ pulse energy, 90 microseconds pulse duration) were used in all cases of resurfacing. Postoperatively all patients were treated with occlusive dressings and empiric oral cephalexin. Postoperatively patients were monitored at weekly intervals during the first month and then at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: Of the 354 patients who received full-face laser resurfacing, there were 4 cases of culture-proven infection, which translates to an infection rate of 1.13%. Three of the four infections developed 3-5 weeks after the procedure. CONCLUSION: This study reports an infection rate of 1.13% following full-face CO2 laser resurfacing and occlusive dressing use in 354 patients. Because infection may develop many weeks after the procedure, patients should be educated to maintain proper wound care hygiene and to avoid "double dipping" of wound care products until wounds are completely healed.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Moist wound healing with occlusive dressings: a clinical focus.

The concept of moist wound healing, which is facilitated by the application of occlusive dressings, dates back to 1615 BC, and the technique is currently supported by a relatively large volume of data. It is clear that occlusive dressings are in many cases associated with more rapid reepithelialization, a reduced risk of infection, and more rapid wound healing than the alternatives. Nevertheless, many clinicians have been slow to accept this therapeutic technique. This article traces the history of moist wound healing from its earliest inception, examines the theoretical mechanisms of its effect, and explores its advantages and disadvantages. It also reviews the literature supporting the use of occlusive dressings in a variety of wound settings and examines the possible reasons behind the apparent reluctance on the part of the medical community to accept a potentially valuable therapy.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Bone marrow cells differentiate into wound myofibroblasts and accelerate the healing of wounds with exposed bones when combined with an occlusive dressing.

BACKGROUND: The usefulness of bone marrow cells in accelerating wound healing has not been evaluated despite increasing evidence that bone marrow contains mesenchymal stem cells that have multipotentiality to differentiate into various types of cells after they enter the microenvironment of a specific tissue (niche). OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of bone marrow cells and occlusive dressings in promoting wound healing in rats. METHODS: We investigated by grafting, biopsy and immunohistochemistry whether various types of cells derived from green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic rats would differentiate into wound component cells when administered topically on the wounds of rats. We also investigated whether topical application of bone marrow cells with an occlusive dressing would accelerate the healing of wounds with exposed bones, as measured by planimetry. RESULTS: GFP-labelled bone marrow cells contained multipotent stem cells that sufficiently differentiated into wound myofibroblasts presenting with alpha-smooth muscle actin in granulation tissue. Other types of cells, including myocytes, adipocytes, peripheral blood cells from buffy coat and dermal fibroblasts, did not express myofibroblast characteristics morphologically or immunohistochemically. Application of bone marrow cells and an occlusive dressing accelerated the repair of wounds with exposed bones, compared with an occlusive dressing only or with the topical administration of bone marrow cells plus a semidry to dry dressing. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that bone marrow cells accelerate the healing of wounds at least in part through their differentiation into wound myofibroblasts. Thus, treatment of wounds with bone marrow cells and a supportive occlusive dressing is effective in promoting the formation of healthy granulation tissue and also for the preparation of an ideal wound bed.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Pressure sore management: efficacy of a moisture reactive occlusive dressing.

Twenty-five pressure sores occurring in a total of 21 patients were evaluated for their response to an adhesive hydrocolloid occlusive dressing (HCD). All ulcers had been treated previously. Response to the occlusive dressing was compared with previous clinical response. Due to the discharge or transfer of patients, evaluation of HCD therapy was usually made after a relatively short period of treatment, average treatment length being 27 +/- 3 days. Fourteen of the 25 decubitus ulcers (56%) demonstrated marked improvement or complete healing with HCD therapy. In contrast, only two of the 25 ulcers (8%) had demonstrated marked improvement under previous treatment. Of 16 ulcers which had failed to improve previously, seven (44%) had either healed or showed marked improvement with the use of the occlusive dressing. For ulcers which had healed, average healing time with HCD was 37 +/- 7 days.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

The effect of occlusive dressings on collagen synthesis and re-epithelialization in superficial wounds.

The effects on superficial wounds in domestic pigs of (1) two different occlusive dressings, (2) non-occlusive wet to dry gauze dressings, and (3) air exposure were compared. Collagen synthesis and re-epithelialization were increased in the wounds treated with occlusive dressings. Re-epithelialization was increased beneath both the oxygen-impermeable and the oxygen-permeable dressing. When they were removed the wet to dry gauze dressing and one of the occlusive dressings often damaged the new epidermis.

Adhesives↗

PubMed1993

Pilot study analysis of the histologic and bacteriologic effects of occlusive dressings in chemosurgical peel using a minipig model.

The histologic changes associated with chemosurgery are well documented, but the data concerning the effects of occlusive dressings (adhesive tape, gauze, or ointments) is largely anecdotal. Wide differences of opinion exist as to the best method of phenol application and postpeel wound care regimen. Using a Yucatan minipig as our animal model, we studied the histologic and bacteriologic differences that various commonly used occlusive dressings have upon the initial burn depth and the subsequent healing of peeled skin. We also compared chemical peel with dermabrasion and chemabrasion. Our results showed to statistical difference in peel depth between "wet" versus "moist" phenol application or between occluded versus nonoccluded dressings. Based upon this animal model, we recommend that phenol solutions be applied moist rather than wet and that an occlusive dressing other than adhesive tape be used and maintained for a minimum of four days.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Some physical properties of the Haifa occlusive dressing for burns.

In order to evaluate some of the physical properties of the Haifa Occlusive Dressing, which is in use in our Department, temperature, moisture and the transfer of gases were measured. The Haifa Occlusive Dressing does not significantly raise the temperature of the covered burn, nor does it hinder the diffusion of gases, even when wet. Measurements taken from a patient suffering from a deep second degree burn showed that the amount of secretion over a 9-h period was 270 cm3 and the rate of secretion/unit area was 0.0125 cm/h.

Absorption↗

PubMed1990

Occlusive dressings. Does dressing type influence the growth of common bacterial pathogens?

We studied the effect of different occlusive dressings and of air exposure on the growth of four pathogenic bacteria in wounds. Partial-thickness wounds on domestic pigs were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, Bacteroides fragilis, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Each wound was covered with three dressings (DuoDERM, Opsite, or Vigilon), or left exposed to air. Groups of wounds were sampled at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Staphylococcus aureus reached high levels beneath all of the dressings and in the air-exposed wounds. The numbers of C perfringens and B fragilis were greatly reduced in the air-exposed wounds and slightly reduced in the Opsite-covered wounds. The numbers of P aeruginosa were greatest in the Opsite- and Vigilon-covered wounds. The results indicate that occlusive dressings are not indicated in wounds that clinically appear to be grossly contaminated or that may contain anaerobic organisms.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Prevention of amputation caused by rheumatic diseases following a novel therapy of exposing bone marrow, occlusive dressing and subsequent epidermal grafting.

BACKGROUND: Wounds with exposed bones caused by rheumatic diseases commonly result in amputation despite progress in our understanding of wound-healing mechanisms. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether an experimental therapy of bone marrow exposure, an occlusive dressing and subsequent grafting of epidermal sheets accelerates healing and reduces the need for amputation in patients with rheumatic diseases. METHODS: Fifteen patients, including those with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic sclerosis, who had wounds with exposed bones were treated either with the standard procedure, consisting of local wound care, debridement with a scalpel, bed rest and parenteral antibiotics (n = 8), or with a newly developed experimental procedure (n = 7). In that new procedure, the affected bone was initially exposed by debridement with a scalpel, followed by partial excision with a bone scraper until bleeding was observed from the exposed bone. The lesions were immediately covered with an occlusive dressing, and were eventually treated with epidermal grafts obtained from suction blisters. RESULTS: A comparison with standard therapy demonstrated that the time needed for wound healing was similar, but that the newly developed combination therapy reduced the risk of amputation (P = 0.020). No skin ulcers or erosions were observed for at least 1 year in five of seven patients (72%) due to the adoption of stable palmoplantar-type characteristics in grafts derived from the trunk epidermis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that exposure of bone marrow cells plus an occlusive dressing accelerates the healing of skin ulcers at least partly through the preparation of a healthy well-granulated wound bed and that subsequent epidermal grafting achieves site-specific differentiation through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

The use of silver sulphadiazine occlusive dressings for finger-tip injuries.

A prospective trial was performed, comparing the use of silver sulphadiazine occlusive dressings with Fucidin gauze compressive dressings in the treatment of injuries to the finger-tip in patients presenting at the casualty department. Sixty-four patients were seen, four of whom had severe injury with extensive loss of pulp. The time taken for the wound to heal, the incidence of infection, and the duration of absence from work were compared for both types of treatment. The results showed that silver sulphadiazine occlusive dressings were the most effective in the treatment of these injuries even when they were severe.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Occlusive dressing versus oxygen mist therapy following CO2 laser resurfacing.

BACKGROUND: Oxygen is an essential element for collagen synthesis and reepithelialization. The use of topical oxygen after CO2 laser resurfacing has not been studied. OBJECTIVE: To compare the rate and quality of healing in wounds treated with an oxygen mist to those treated with occlusive dressing following CO2 laser resurfacing. METHODS: Three patients underwent CO2 laser resurfacing to each half of the face 3 weeks apart. Postoperatively, half of the face was treated with an oxygen mist protocol for 5 days, while the other half was treated with occlusive dressing for 4 days. RESULTS: At postoperative day 5, significantly less crusting was observed on the half of the face treated with the oxygen mist protocol (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The oxygen mist postoperative protocol may offer patients similar overall healing rates and significantly less crusting compared to occlusive dressing.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

The effect of local anaesthetic cream (EMLA) applied with an occlusive dressing on skin thickness. Does it matter?

EMLA cream is used in plastic surgery as a topical anaesthetic to harvest split skin grafts. It has been observed that the skin appears pale and oedematous after the application of EMLA. The aim our study was to determine the effect of EMLA with an occlusive dressing on skin thickness using a high frequency ultrasound. Twenty volunteers took part in this study after approval from the ethics committee. An area of skin was marked on both thighs and the skin thickness of each, measured using ultrasound. EMLA with an occlusive dressing was applied to one thigh. This was removed after at least 2 h of application time but at different time points and skin thickness of each thigh measured again. Data was analysed using t-test and Pearson's correlation. Mean age in years +/- SD (range) was 36.1 +/- 12.1 (23 - 61). Male:female ratio was 8:12. Mean skin thickness +/- SEM increased from 1.86 +/- 0.055 mm prior to EMLA application to 1.96 +/- 0.051 mm post-EMLA application p= 0.02. There was a significant correlation between the increase in skin thickness and duration of application of EMLA cream (p = <0.001, R2 = 0.59). The results conclude that EMLA applied under an occlusive dressing has an effect on skin tissue thickness and any surgeon who harvests split skin grafts under EMLA should be aware of this. Further research is needed to compare laser treatments performed under local anaesthetic creams against general anaesthesia as an increase in skin thickness may affect the depth of laser penetration.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Healing of full-thickness wounds in pigs: effects of occlusive and non-occlusive dressings associated with a gel vehicle.

This study, based upon a pig model, was conducted to investigate the effects of moist and dry healing conditions on wound closure (epithelialization, granulation tissue, contraction) of full-thickness wounds. Thirty-two full-thickness square wounds (3 cm x 3 cm) covered with either an occlusive polyurethane dressing (Tegaderm) or a non-occlusive dressing (Melolin) were evaluated. The effect of the presence or the absence of a gel (3% Idroramnosan) was also investigated with both dressings. The dressings were renewed twice a week. The time required for wound closure was 19.2 +/- 1.6 days for Tegaderm and 26.6 +/- 3.0 days (means +/- SD) for Melolin, respectively. The healing time of the full-thickness porcine wounds was significantly (P < 0.001) reduced by the occlusive dressing. Equivalent results were found with the 3% gel, indicating that the gel can be used as a neutral vehicle. The healing rate, calculated according to Gilman's method, was also significantly (P < 0.001) enhanced by the occlusive dressing. This progression was 0.073 +/- 0.004 cm/day and 0.050 +/- 0.009 cm/day (means +/- SD) for Tegaderm and Melolin, respectively. The contribution of contraction to wound closure was similar in all wounds, indicating that the occlusive dressing did not have an effect on wound contraction. Histological evaluation was performed on full-thickness skin biopsies of whole wound harvested from the time of wound closure to 3 months after. At any time point, no significant histological variations were observed between the different treated wounds. This study demonstrates in a porcine model that for full-thickness wounds, as for split-thickness wounds, occlusive dressing enhances healing rate and shortens the time for wound repair. The shortened healing time is a function primarily of the effect of occlusive dressing on epithelialization, especially the third phase of wound resurfacing.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

The effect of occlusive dressings on re-epithelializations of wounds in children with epidermolysis bullosa.

Hydrocolloid dressing (HCD), a new oxygen impermeable occlusive dressing, was studied in a controlled clinical trial of three pediatric patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). Advantages of this material over such dressings as paraffin gauze (PG) or the perforated plastic film (TELFA), include considerably faster re-epithelialization, pain free movement of the injured part and fewer dressing changes. The most significant advantage of HCD for RDEB patients has been in the reduction of scar tissue formation, because in this disease, wounds heal with scarring that causes mutilating deformities.

Child↗

PubMed2006

Randomized clinical trial of the effect of applying ointment to surgical wounds before occlusive dressing.

BACKGROUND: A blinded randomized clinical trial was undertaken to evaluate the effect of applying ointment to a wound before occlusive dressing, in comparison with no ointment or sterile paraffin. METHODS: Some 778 patients with 1801 surgical wounds following excision of skin lesions were enrolled in the trial. No ointment was placed on 510 sutured wounds of 247 patients, paraffin ointment was put on 729 wounds (269 patients) and mupirocin ointment on 562 wounds (262 patients). Wound infection, scar, haemorrhage, dehiscence and other complications were assessed at suture removal. At 6-9 months after surgery, patients were surveyed to assess the wounds, with a response rate of 74.0 per cent. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in outcome for all endpoints evaluated. The infection rate was 1.4 per cent with no ointment, 1.6 per cent for paraffin and 2.3 per cent for mupirocin (P = 0.490). Total complication rates were 3.5, 4.7 and 4.8 per cent for no ointment, paraffin and mupirocin respectively (P = 0.590). Some 10.9, 10.3 and 8.2 per cent of patients respectively had a neutral or negative perception of their wounds at 6-9 months after surgery (P = 0.650). There was no difference in postoperative pain, degree of inconvenience or overall level of satisfaction with treatment. CONCLUSION: Putting ointment on a surgical wound before occlusive dressing does not benefit the patient. In view of the risk of antibiotic resistance, mupirocin ointment is not indicated for clean surgical wounds.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Effects of three occlusive dressing materials on healing of full-thickness skin wounds in dogs.

The effects of 3 occlusive dressing materials and a standard, nonadherent dressing material on healing of full-thickness skin defects were evaluated in dogs. Two wounds measuring 2 x 2 cm were created bilaterally (4 wounds/dog) on the dorsolateral aspect of the trunk of 12 Beagles. Wound treatments were evenly distributed between 4 sites, using a Latin square design. Treatments evaluated were: equine amnion (group A), biosynthetic hydrogel dressing (group B), transparent polyethylene sheeting (group T), and a semi-occlusive rayon/polyethylene, nonadherent dressing (group C). Rates of contraction and epithelialization of group-A wounds were significantly greater than those of wounds of groups C, B, and T. On days 14, 21, and 28, mean percentage of wound contraction and mean percentage of total wound healed in group A exceeded those wounds in groups C, B, and T. On day 28, wounds in group A were significantly smaller than wounds in groups B and T, but were not significantly smaller than wounds in group C. All wounds in group A achieved 100% healing during the 28-day study period. Mean time for complete healing of group-A wounds was 21 days. The percentages of wounds completely healed by day 28 for groups B, C, and T were 25, 67, and 25%, respectively. Results indicate that use of equine amnion as an occlusive biological dressing on full-thickness wounds in dogs increases rate of healing.

Amnion↗

PubMed1991

Single versus double occlusive dressing technique to minimize infusion thrombophlebitis: Vialon and Teflon cannulae reassessed.

Infusion thrombophlebitis is the commonest complication of intravenous cannulation. This study was undertaken to prospectively evaluate a double-occlusive dressing technique and a new cannula, bismuth oxide-Teflon (Critikon Inc., Aust.), comparing it to Vialon (Deseret Medical Inc., Utah, USA). The study group of two hundred patients had a 16 gauge intravenous cannula inserted in theatre using a standard technique. The incidence of thrombophlebitis was determined on a daily basis. Cannula tips were sent for culture on removal. Vialon was found to be superior to Teflon after day 1. Although a double-occlusive dressing technique increased the duration of cannulation (50.9 vs. 41.9 hours, P less than 0.05), there was no difference in the incidence of thrombophlebitis. Neither cannula material nor dressing technique had an influence on the results of cannula tip culture (6% incidence). There was no evidence of bacteraemia in any case.

Bacteria↗