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Results for “OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICAL DISEASES”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Medical barofunction testing of aviators with otorhinolaryngologic disease.

Forty aviators with otorhinolaryngologic pathology, previously considered physically disqualified for flight status, were tested in the hypobaric chamber to evaluate tolerance to rapid barometric pressure changes. Testing consisted of three sequential trials in the low-pressure chamber (LPC) at rates of 1,524 m, the second to 3,048 m, and the third to 5,486 m. Failure consisted of any symptoms (pain) or physical findings of barotrauma (aerosinusitis or aerootitis media). Results revealed a 22.5% failure rate. The findings indicate this type of "Medical Barofunction Test" is a practical adjunct to the clinical evaluation of the aviator. The profile is safe and free from serious dysbaric episodes experienced above 7.620 m. Follow-up studies revealed the incidence of false negatives to be only 8% by the LPC test. The findings are not significantly different from the medical disqualification rate of a normal student aviator comparison group.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in non-neoplastic otorhinolaryngological disease.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc and calcium-dependent endopeptidases that play a key role in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. MMPs are known to be important in normal remodelling processes. Overexpression and activation of MMPs or an imbalance of active MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) has been linked with a number of specific disease states associated with the breakdown and remodelling of the extracellular matrix. MMPs and TIMPs play a role in the development and progression of conditions such as acute and chronic otitis media, nasal polyposis and Sjogren's disease of salivary glands. Their role in allergic rhinitis has not been proven although they do appear to have a role in asthma, a condition closely linked to rhinitis. The use of a broad spectrum MMP inhibitor has been shown to alter the outcome of acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion. Therapeutic strategies with anti-MMP molecules are currently being developed and may play a role in modulating the course of non-neoplastic otorhinolaryngological disease in the future.

Ear Diseases↗
PubMed2002

[Analysis of randomized controlled trials on otorhinolaryngological diseases in China].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCT) in otorhinolaryngology in China and offer evidence for the improvement of RCT. METHODS: Five kinds of Chinese journals of clinical otorhinolaryngology were searched, and RCTs were identified and analyzed according to the standards of Evidence Based Medicine. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty seven issues were referred to, and eighty-one RCTs were finally identified and analyzed. Of these RCTs, 34.57% (28/81) had definite diagnostic standards, 38.27% (31/81) had including standards and 33.33% (27/81) had excluding standards; only 1.23% (1/81) got the approval of the participants; 40.74% (33/81) had moderate sample size, 3.70% (3/81) had large sample size and non of them mentioned sample size estimation; 81.48% (66/81) didn't report the method of randomization and 38.27% (31/81) had baseline comparison; 18.52% (15/81) didn't define the control interventions and 8.64% (7/81) even didn't explicate the experimental intervention; 32.10% (26/81) used blank comparison; 86.42% (70/81) didn't use blindness; 37.04% (30/81) didn't mention the adverse effects; 23.46% (19/81) used accredited standards to evaluate the outcomes; 11.11% (9/81) mentioned the loss of following-up and only 1.23% (1/81) treated the loss with statistics methods. CONCLUSION: The quantity and quality of otorhinolaryngological RCTs couldn't meet the clinical need. More high quality RCTs are required to improve the level of prevention and cure of otorhinolaryngologic diseases.

China↗
PubMed1986

[Indications for venous digital subtraction angiography in otorhinolaryngologic diseases].

Intravenous DSA was performed on 45 patients for diagnosis of otorhinolaryngologic diseases. Hypervascular glomus tumours can be accurately diagnosed. Furthermore, vascular architecture and topography can be analysed to allow the planning of tumour embolization or surgery. Hypovascular tumours are inadequately demonstrated by intravenous DSA. A specific and detailed analysis of thin vessel architecture in malignant tumours is impossible by intravenous DSA.

Adult↗