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PubMed1978

The Lewin Report.

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Legislation, Nursing↗
PubMed1978

[Prevention of infections in surgical clinics (author's transl)].

Infectious risks in surgical clinics are demonstrated. Directions for prophylaxis of hospitalism are given. According to own examinations of the following things are often contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms: appliances for sucking off, handbrushes, instruments, beds, clinical clothing, washing basins, bath tubs and floor sinks.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1976

Atmospheric derivatives of anaesthetic gases as a possible hazard to operating-room personnel.

During surgical procedures in which nitrous oxide (N2O) anaesthesia was administered there was an increased concentration of both nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in operating-room air. Preliminary studies suggest that the use of certain devices (e.g., electric cauteries, X-ray machines) capable of releasing energy in the operating-room produce the oxidation of nitrous oxide. Further evaluation of gas phase reactions of anaesthetic agents within the operating-room appear warranted, particularly in relation to the occupational risks of operating-room personnel.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1978

Cigarette smoking during pregnancy and the occurrence of spontaneous abortion and congenital abnormality.

A multiple logistic regression analysis of 12,914 pregnancies and 10,523 live births, based on a mail survey of professional women in medicine, was carried out to determine the relationship between maternal cigarette smoking, and spontaneous abortion and congenital abnormality. After controlling for interfering variables (age, exposure to trace anesthetic gases, pregnancy history, and mailing response), a statistically significant increase in risk associated with maternal cigarette smoking was found for spontaneous abortions and congenital abnormalities. The risk of spontaneous abortion for the heavy smoker is estimated to be as much as 1.7 times that of the nonsmoker in certain risk groups. The risk for congenital abnormality for babies born of smoking mothers is estimated to be as much as 2.3 times that of the nonsmoker, depending on age, pregnancy history, and other factors.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assistants-at-surgery: recognition of the role of the registered nurse.

In the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989 (OBRA '89), Congress directed the Physician Payment Review Commission (PPRC or "the Commission") to make recommendations on payment policies for assistants-at-surgery, including physicians, physician assistants (PAs) and registered nurses (RNs). The National Association of Orthopaedic Nurses (NAON), via the Government Relations Committee and Executive Board, participated in the public hearing on this issue and submitted testimony on the role of the RN first assistant during orthopaedic surgery. In its 1991 report to Congress, the Commission recommended that inappropriate utilization of assistants-at-surgery could be reduced by implementing "profiling"--a variety of techniques to examine the use of assistants. PPRC failed to comment on policies related to non-physician providers, determining that this was a coverage issue, not a payment issue and thus outside the scope of their jurisdiction. However, as global surgical payment policy is further defined by the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) and Congress, consideration will again be given to incorporating payment for assistants-at-surgery into a comprehensive fee schedule. Recognition of the registered nurse as an assistant-at-surgery will continue to be a primary goal of NAON.

Health Policy↗