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The spiritual work of the dying: a framework and case studies.

This article describes a systematic approach to understanding the spiritual work of the dying. It begins by defining "spirituality," "spiritual care" and "spiritual work" in order to create a common vocabulary. The remainder of the article uses vignettes from clinical experience to create a framework for understanding not only the recurrent themes in the spiritual work being done by the terminally ill but the support and interventions of the spiritual counselor as well. These case experiences are clustered under four headings: "remembering," "reassessing," "reconciliation" and "reunion." The article gives serious attention to the "supernatural" experiences of the dying as experienced by the hospice team.

Adult↗

The spiritual and psychological explanations for loss experience.

This paper examines the differences in the ability of patients to utilize supportive resources offered through hospice depending upon the individual's ego strength and spiritual resources. The author surveys psychological and spiritual theories for differences in how patients respond to terminal illness. The responses of three dying patients are analyzed relative to their ability to utilize emotional and spiritual support in the face of loss. Strategic approaches for hospice staff providing care are suggested.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

Pastoral counseling and homosexuality.

The Judaeo-Christian religious tradition has generally been mistrustful of sexuality, wherein homosexuality is not even a legitimate discussion. The psychological tradition has been heterosexist and homophobic. It is argued that only a creation-centered spirituality and a transpersonal psychotherapy can be truly supportive of gay men and lesbian women. A transpersonal model is presented that is integrated with creation spirituality. This model is applied to specific situations of gay men and lesbians with clinical examples. In this inquiry, the special gifts of homosexuals are noted.

Adult↗

Organizational and family systems factors in stress among ministers.

Forty-one Protestant ministers completed measures of stress-related symptoms, family of origin contact, church governing body density, history of pastor-parish conflict in the church, and a measure of Bowen's (1959b/1985) concept of emotional triangles. A denominational executive provided ratings of each church's history of pastor-parish conflict. Path analysis using multiple regression showed support for a model in which governing body density and history of conflict predicted emotional triangles, and emotional triangles predicted stress symptoms. Contact with the pastor's family of origin moderated the relationship between emotional triangles and stress symptoms. Results suggest that the organizational and family ecology of the ministerial role can be important in understanding occupational stress among ministers.

Administrative Personnel↗