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Results for “Pituitary Neoplasms”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1978

Incidence of pituitary tumors following adrenalectomy. A long-term follow-up study of patients treated for Cushing's disease.

The long-term follow-up of 21 patients who had undergone bilateral adrenalectomy for Cushing's disease has revealed eight definite and two suspected cases of pituitary tumors. The average time from adrenalectomy to the diagnosis of the pituitary tumor was 6 1/2 years, with a range of 1 1/2 to 12 years. The incidence of tumors in this study (38%) is higher than that reported by others and may reflect (1) that none of these patients received pituitary irradiation in addition to adrenalectomy, (2) the length of follow-up, and (3) the high index of suspicion and early diagnosis of pituitary tumors in recent years. These data raise the question of whether bilateral adrenalectomy alone is an acceptable form of therapy for Cushing's disease. For patients treated in this way, a life-long commitment should be made to undergo annual reexamination for the possible occurrence of a pituitary neoplasm.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1976

Pituitary thyrotropic tumour secondary to long-standing primary hypothyroidism.

Pituitary neoplasms in primary myxoedema are rare and previously reported cases have mostly been described as chromophobe adenomas. None of them were subjected to modern methods of study. A 26 year-old woman with untreated primary hypothyroidism developed a pituitary tumour which produced bitemporal hemianopsia. Histochemical and ultrastructural studies characterized the tumour cells as thyrotrops. The secretory granules present had a mean diameter of 110 mum and were membrane-bound and surrounded by clear halos. Many of the tumour cells were actively secreting. They had reduced numbers of granules, possessed expanded Golgi complexes, abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes. Cytoplasmic microfilaments were also seen. A possible mechanism of production of this tumour is discussed.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1978

Coexisting pituitary adenomas and partially empty sellas.

seventeen cases of coexisting secreting pituitary adenomas and partially empty sellas are presented. The location of the cisternal invagination into the sella was not helpful in predicting the location of the tumor. In patients with endocrine indication of a secreting pituitary neoplasm, the finding of a partially empty sella should not contradict the diagnosis.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1979

Vasospasm following transcranial removal of large pituitary adenomas. Report of three cases.

The authors report three cases of cerebral vascular spasm following transfrontal removal of large pituitary neoplasms. One patient awakened from surgery hemiparetic, but has since recovered. A second patient developed hemiparesis with confusion on the fifth postoperative day and eventually died. The third patient developed hemiplegia on the tenth postoperative day, but recovered completely. Vascular spasm was documented angiographically in all three cases. Possible mechanisms underlying this unusual complication are discussed.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1978

[Practical value of new knowledge on the structure and function of pituitary adenomas].

The usual classification of pituitary adenomas into eosinophilic, basophilic, and chromophobe types is no longer sufficient to correlate the histologic findings with the increasing number of clinical syndromes described in recent years. Some histologic forms are observed in several clinical syndromes, whereas some clinical entities may be caused by several histologic types. A new classification is mandatory. Recent endocrine, ultrastructural and histo-immunologic research has shown that the endocrine inactive adenoma, which has usually been related to the "chromophobe" adenoma, represents only a small group of the pituitary neoplasms. A more critical evaluation shows that 3 out of 4 patients present clinical or endocrine signs and findings of increased hormone secretion. Several authors have therefore suggested that pituitary adenomas be classified according to their secretory characteristics, which can be determined either by clinical and endocrine examination or by immunohistology and electron microscopy. Abnormally increased hormone secretion allows early detection of the neoplasm when the remaining normal gland is still able to recover its normal function and the endocrine symptoms therefore are fully reversible. The therapy of pituitary adenomas must normalize the hormone hypersecretion without causing new endocrine deficits, and must at the same time reverse neurological compression symptoms. The treatment may be either surgical excision, irradiation, medical inhibition of abnormal secretion, substitution of insufficient hormones or a combination of these methods. The prognosis of the endocrine symptoms is significantly better in small adenomas and full restoration of sexual function is even observed in an increasing number of patients.

Acromegaly↗

PubMed1978

Panhypopituitarism resulting from Hodgkin's disease of the nasopharynx.

Nasopharyngeal involvement by Hodgkin's Disease is rare and may result in deafness, headaches, nasal obstructions and other symptoms. Compression of the pituitary gland with resultant panhypopituitarism has not been reported in nasopharyngeal Hodgkin's Disease. This paper documents a patient in whom Hodgkin's Disease of the nasopharynx eroded the bony sella turcica and compressed the pituitary gland causing anterior pituitary insufficiency. The patient presented with a skull x-ray and history compatible with a pituitary neoplasm. The diagnosis was established only by surgical exploration.

Bone Diseases↗

PubMed1979

Multiple disparate cranial neoplasms.

The case of a three-year-old girl with fibrosarcoma of the right orbit is presented. She was initially treated with surgery and later with radiotherapy. After an interval of thirty-three years she developed a suprasellar epidermoid cyst and two years later a right frontal meningioma. The two benign tumors fulfill the usual criteria for irradiation induced tumors and the possible role of radiotherapy in their induction is discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMed1975

The relationship of histology to the spread of cancer.

This paper investigates the question of whether different types of histology at the same site can affect the spread of metastases - that is, producing a greater or fewer number of metastases depending on the histological diagnosis. Autopsy records were the source of the data analyzed in this paper. The metastases were subdivided into four categories - central nervous metastases, endocrine metastases, metastases at various lymphatic areas, and a miscellaneous group of metastases called the "remainder" group. It was found that adenocarcinoma and oat-cell carcinoma of the lungs are more aggressive in their metastatic spread than squamous cell carcinoma at the same site. Adenocarcinoma of the cervix uteri had more widespread metastases than squamous cell carcinoma at the same site. No difference at all was detectable in the number of metastases, in men or in women, between transitional cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the bladder and kidney. Cystadenocarcinoma of the ovaries appeared to be less widespread than adenocarcinoma (not otherwise specified) of the same site.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1979