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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Schistosoma mansoni: evidence for a role of serum factors in protecting artificially transformed schistosomula against antibody-mediated killing in vitro.

Artificially transformed schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni develop a consistent but small protection against the lethal effects of antibody plus complement when cultured for 24 h in a chemically defined medium. In contrast, they become rapidly resistant to antibody plus complement, when cultured in the presence of a complex medium consisting of equal parts of heat-inactivated rabbit serum and Earle's/lactalbumin or in defined medium supplemented with small amounts of heat-inactivated rabbit serum. Sephadex G-200 gel filtration revealed that the protective factor in rabbit serum is a macromolecule with a molecular weight between 7 and 19 S. Parasites cultured at 10 degrees C or in the presence of 200 microgram of puromycin show less serum-induced protection against the lethal effects of antibody plus complement than do controls.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Frequent readmissions after hospitalization for alcohol withdrawal: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use disorder and alcohol withdrawal syndrome impose substantial clinical and economic burdens, with repeated hospitalizations being common. We aimed to systematically review readmission rates following inpatient detoxification, assess variation across study designs and hospital settings, and identify key risk and protective factors. METHODS: We performed a literature search in Embase and Pubmed on 10/04/2026 focusing on studies assessing in hospital alcohol detoxification. Exclusion criteria included studies on substance use other than alcohol and outpatient or residential treatment. Main outcome was rehospitalization, and meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled readmission proportions. Secondary outcomes were risk factors and protective factors influencing the rate of rehospitalization. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies were included. The pooled proportion of readmissions following alcohol detoxification was estimated at 17% (95% CI: 14%-21%; 13 studies, n = 287,896) within 1 month, increasing to 44% (95% CI: 36%-52%; 8 studies, n = 2,877) at 1 year. Substantial between-study heterogeneity was observed. Subgroup analyses found no significant differences by hospital setting or time period. Findings for study aim and study design were mixed and based on limited data A small number of studies suggested associations with housing stability, employment, and treatment engagement. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that approximately one in six patients are readmitted within 1 month and nearly half within 1 year after inpatient alcohol detoxification. However, readmission rates varied considerably across settings and populations. Future research should evaluate targeted interventions to reduce readmissions among high-risk patient groups.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Fractionation studies on a factor in linseed meal protecting against selenosis in chicks.

Growth rate of Single Combe White Leghorn cockerels fed a casein-gelatin-glucose diet was significantly depressed at two weeks when 10 p.p.m. or more selenium was added to the diet. When 20% linseed meal was included in the diet, growth was not reduced with 10 p.p.m. selenium and only slightly reduced with 20 p.p.m. selenium. Including 20% soybean meal failed to modify the toxicity. Levels of 5 and 10% linseed meal were less effective in counteracting selenosis than was 20%. Fractionation studies showed that a protective factor in linseed meal was extracted by methanol and ethanol and was not destroyed by autoclaving. Ashing the ethanol extract destroyed its activity. The factor was readily extracted by chlorform:methanol (2:1) but less effectively by acetone and diethyl ether. Washed chloroform:methanol extract was inactive but the washings contained the factor. Concentrates of the factor were active at less than 1% of the dry matter of the diet. The results of these studies show that linseed meal contains a heat stable, organic, polar factor that modified selenium toxicity in the chick.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1979

[Preventive medicine in adults. Fundamentals and prospects].

The Author puts in evidence the need of a real development of the Medical Science, so to give the basis for a program of preventive medicine of the adult, that is prevention of degenerative pathology. A new way of thinking about this pathology starts from its relation with the aging process. This "interpretative way" may often be much more usefull than the mere diagnostic definition (as in the traditional medicine for the infectious disease) with its consequences of therapeutic activism and of a "by any way gained" normalization of biological parameters. Under this point of view one can look at the various aspects of the prevention. So the Author claims for a real evaluation of the risk factors and quite important, of the protective factors. These protective factors are probably of big value for preventive medical practice, as important as the health education. Actually people's health must be driven and saved much more than restored, a "Utopia" in the field of degenerative and senile pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Purification and properties of trehalase from the thermophilic fungus Humicola lanuginosa.

Trehalase (alpha,alpha-Trehalose glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.28) was partially solubilized from the thermophilic fungus Humicola lanuginosa RM-B, and purified 184-fold. The purified enzyme was optimally active at 50 degrees C in acetate buffer at pH 5.5. It was highly specific for alpha,alpha-trehalose and had an apparent Km = 0.4 mM at 50 degrees C. None of the other disaccharides tested either inhibited or activated the enzyme. The molecular weight of the enzyme was around 170 000. Trehalase from mycelium grown at 40 and 50 degrees C had similar properties. The purified enzyme, in contrast to that in the crude-cell free extract, was less stable. At low concentration, purified trehalase was afforded protection against heat-inactivation by "protection against heat-inactivation by "protective factor(s)" present in mycelial extracts. The "protective factor(s)" was sensitive to proteolytic digestion. It was not diffusible and was stable to boiling for at least 30 min. Bovine serum albumin and casein also protected the enzyme from heat-inactivation.

Dialysis↗
PubMed1978

Tandem HEPA filter tests.

Current methods for evaluating the performance and reliability of high-efficiency air cleaning systems use forward light-scattering photometers and DOP aerosol. This method is limited to measuring protection factors of 10(4) or 10(5) and has poor sensitivity to particles less than .3 micron. More accurate determination of system performance could be made by measuring two filter stages with a single test. Because of the large protection factors of a two-stage system, it is necessary to use high challenge aerosol concentrations and long downstream sampling times. Concentrations were measured using an intra-cavity laser light-scattering aerosol spectrometer which is capable of detection of single particles ranging in size from 0.07 to 3.00 micron diameter. The results of several tests with challenge aerosols of both NaCl and DOP yielded protection factors ranging from 1.4 x 10(7) to 3.0 x 10(9) for two HEPA filters in series.

Aerosols↗
PubMed2026

Association of TCF7L2 and LEPR gene variants (rs7903146 and rs1137101) with primary knee osteoarthritis in a northern Mexican Mestizo population.

INTRODUCTION: There is a growing interest in the study of Obesity, Diabetes, and their genetic polymorphisms for the risk of developing osteoarthritis. This study analyzed the associations among the rs1137101 LEPR gene and rs7903146 polymorphisms TCF7L2 gene with primary knee osteoarthritis in a population from northern Mexico. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study with 438 Mexican Mestizo participants, selected non-randomly by convenience. We included age, diabetes, and body mass index for analysis. The presence of the TCF7L2 (n = 236) and LEPR (n = 405) gene genotypes was determined using real-time PCR with the rhAmpTM SNP Assay methodology. We performed comparisons between groups using the chi-square test, Fisher´s exact test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and adjusted regression model analysis. RESULTS: The CC genotype of the rs7903146 ​​polymorphism was significantly associated as risk factor with obesity (p = 0.043; OR 2.021, CI 1.023 - 3.989) and CT genotype as a protective factor (p = 0.016, p = 0.013, and p = 0.008); the CC genotype was significantly associated with primary KOA as a risk factor (p = 0.040; OR 2.061, CI 1.034 - 4.107) and the CT genotype as a protective factor (p = 0.039, and p = 0.041; OR 0.480, CI 0.237 - 0.970). No association was found between the genotypes for LEPR rs1137101 and KOA. CONCLUSION: This study suggests a possible role for the rs7903146 ​​polymorphism of the TCF7L2 gene, in the risk of primary KOA and obesity. We suggest conducting additional studies with a larger population sample, including other polymorphisms of the same genes in different ethnic groups, to corroborate the findings shown in this study. Key Points • We observed significant associations for obesity and primary knee osteoarthritis in the presence of the rs7903146 CC and CT genotypes.

LEPR↗