SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “QUESTIONNAIRES”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

[Do questionnaires for patients improve the diagnosis of craniomandibular dysfunction with chronic facial pain? A patients' questionnaire study from outpatient practice].

PURPOSE: The differential diagnosis of craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD) is of central importance for the therapy and diagnosis of chronic facial pain. Nevertheless, opinions on causes and treatment differ extremely and are sometimes even contradictory. The necessity of obtaining a precise and thorough patient history is indisputable. This raises the question of whether a questionnaire can offer additional information in order to improve the quality of the history, diagnosis and therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From May 1998 until February 1999, 230 patients who received a monoblock were requested to fill out a questionnaire referring to the previous 4-6 weeks, as an addition to the initial diagnostic tests. In 175 cases we were able to repeatedly examine the patient and compare the effects of therapy with the questionnaires. The questionnaire contains 14 visual, 11-step analogue scales, which are to be marked spontaneously and subjectively. The test-retest reliance at 1 week before treatment was r=0.82 ( n=86). The questionnaire requests information on diverse kinds of pain, sensations and findings in the dental, oral, maxillary and facial areas. For evaluation, a summation-score is built. RESULTS: To our surprise, from a total of 175 patients 41.7% ( n=73) indicated their pain exclusively on the questionnaire. The number and frequency of answers indicated CMD. The average score of the patients whose pain was only mentioned on the questionnaire (31.16+/-19.16) was just slightly below the score of patients with additional, verbal pain descriptions (36.49+/-20.79). CONCLUSION: The picture provided by the answers is impressive for the patient, improves compliance and makes diagnosis easier. In the same way, one can document the success of therapy and explore individual outcomes which show a resistance to therapy.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Development and validation of a cross-cultural questionnaire to evaluate nonulcer dyspepsia: the Porto Alegre Dyspeptic Symptoms Questionnaire (PADYQ).

Despite its high prevalence, nonulcer dyspepsia is still difficult to study, due to the lack of adequate tools to measure significant outcomes. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a symptom-focused, disease-specific questionnaire to evaluate patients with nonulcer dyspepsia. For that, the questionnaire was carefully written following widely accepted terminology, so as to facilitate translation and validation in other languages and cultures. The questionnaire was developed using Rome I terminology for symptoms, which were evaluated according to their intensity, duration, and frequency when applicable. Thirty-one patients with nonulcer dyspepsia, as well as 31 sex-and age-matched volunteers without digestive problems were used to assess the internal consistency, reproducibility, responsiveness, content validity, and discriminant validity of the questionnaire. Another 31 functional dyspeptic patients were enrolled for assessment of criterion validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.82. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the scores obtained 7 days apart was 0.86. The mean score obtained after 3 months of treatment was 16.4, vs. 23.03 at baseline (P = 0.001). Two blinded gastroenterologists agreed that the questionnaire adequately evaluated nonulcer dyspepsia. The median symptoms score for controls was 0, vs. 22.5 for dyspeptic patients (P = 0.001). An inverse correlation was observed between quality of life and dyspeptic symptoms (R = -0.28, P = 0.026). The proposed questionnaire has high degrees of both reproducibility and responsiveness. As this questionnaire was based on Rome I International Consensus terminology, it is expected that it will be easy to translate and validate.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

The Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire: an improved version of the WHO/Rose Questionnaire for use in epidemiological surveys.

The WHO/Rose Questionnaire on intermittent claudication was developed in 1962 for use in epidemiological surveys, and has been widely used. Several population studies have shown, however, that it is only moderately sensitive (60-68%), although highly specific (90-100%). In this study, reasons for the poor sensitivity and good specificity were determined following its application to 586 claudicants and to 61 subjects with other causes of leg pain. The results showed two important findings: firstly, that over half of the false negatives were produced by one question alone; and secondly that only three questions were required to maintain the specificity of the questionnaire. This knowledge, in conjunction with the pre-testing of additional questions, enabled a new questionnaire to be constructed: the "Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire". This questionnaire was tested on 300 subjects aged over 55 years attending their general practitioner, and found to be 91.3% (95% CI 88.1-94.5%) sensitive and 99.3% (95% CI 98.9-100%) specific in comparison to the diagnosis of intermittent claudication made by a physician. The repeatability of the questionnaire after 6 months was excellent (kappa = 0.76, p < 0.001). These results suggest that this revised version of the WHO/Rose Questionnaire should be adopted for use in future epidemiological surveys of peripheral vascular disease.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

Dash and Boston questionnaire assessment of carpal tunnel syndrome outcome: what is the responsiveness of an outcome questionnaire?

This prospective study evaluates if the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire is an adequately responsive outcome measure in carpal tunnel syndrome by comparing it with the disease-specific Boston questionnaire (BQ). To measure responsiveness (sensitivity to clinical change), 57 patients with a clinical diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome completed the DASH and BQ preoperatively and again 3 months after open carpal tunnel decompression. A second group of 31 patients completed the questionnaires in the outpatient clinic and again 2 weeks later to assess test-retest reliability. The time to complete all questionnaires was recorded. Responsiveness of the DASH is comparable with the BQ with standardized response means of 0.66, 1.07 and 0.62 for the DASH, BQ-symptoms and BQ-function, respectively. Test-retest data show both questionnaires are reliable. Mean times to complete questionnaires were 6.8minutes (DASH) and 5.6minutes (BQ). This study concludes that the DASH questionnaire is a reliable, responsive and practical outcome instrument in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2004

[The quality-of-life questionnaire QLS-H: validation of the French language version of the questionnaire in patients with growth hormone deficiency and collection of reference data in the general population].

The QLS-H(c) (Questions on Life Satisfaction- Hypopituitarism) is new a quality of life (QoL) self-administered questionnaire addressing the complaints of adult patients with growth hormone deficiency. The French version of the QLS-H(c) (16 items) has been psychometrically evaluated during a randomized, open label study comparing two strategies of growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy. Seventy-three patients were included and received an 8-month GH replacement therapy. QoL was explored at baseline, 4 and 8 months using the QLS-H(c) questionnaire and the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) reference scale. Acceptance of the QLS-H(c) was excellent as 92% of the questionnaires were suitable for analysis. All the items demonstrated good selectivity. The homogeneity of the questionnaire was confirmed (Cronbach's alpha, 0.87). The external validity construct was assessed and confirmed using the NHP scores. Sensitivity to change was confirmed. Following an 8-month replacement therapy, the perception of the QoL assessed with the QLS-H(c) questionnaire was significantly improved, irrespective to the treatment strategy. Finally, redundant items of the questionnaire were removed. As a result, the final version of the QLS-H(c) contained 9 items. In a parallel study, reference data of the QLS-H(c) (9 items) were collected from a representative sample of 989 subjects from the French population. With these reference ranges, algorithms to calculate Z scores adjusted for age and gender were developed as a measure for the deviation of patients' scores from those of the general population, and also to evaluate changes along time. In summary, the French version of the quality of life QLS-H(c) questionnaire is a relevant, validated investigational tool for the evaluation and follow-up of an adult patient with growth hormone deficiency.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Developing a questionnaire to evaluate pain in ocular or periocular pathologies: the ODEON questionnaire].

INTRODUCTION: Ophthalmologists contend with a wide range of painful acute and chronic diseases. However, there is no tool specific to ocular pain that aids the patient in describing and quantifying pain. PURPOSE: Our objective was to develop a tool that would allow the ophthalmologist to identify the patient's pain quickly and precisely in order to measure its intensity and to determine possible causes. METHODS: An interview guide was elaborated after a literature review. Structured interviews were conducted in hospitals by a clinical research associate with patients suffering from painful acute or chronic pathologies. Different types of quantification and description of pain were proposed to patients. A questionnaire was developed and tested. After the analysis of the tests, the ODEON pilot questionnaire (Objectif Douleur En Ophtalmologie et Neuro-ophtalmologie: target: ophthalmic and neuro-ophthalmic pain) was developed. RESULTS: Twenty patients presenting ten different diagnoses were interviewed. Patients preferred to quantify pain with visual analogic or graduated scales. They appreciated the help of pictograms to describe their pain. Eight other patients presenting six different diagnoses tested the questionnaire. They judged the test version valid and easy to use, except for the section on emotional descriptors. An average of approximately 20 minutes was necessary to complete the questionnaire. After the tests, various questions were combined, reformulated, deleted or added. The ODEON pilot questionnaire contains five sections: 1. general health, 2. eyes and eyesight, 3. pain, 4. pain relief, 5. pictograms and sensorial descriptors. The closed- and open-ended questions included in these dimensions make it possible to measure patient pain and help the practitioner with patient management. CONCLUSION: The ODEON pilot questionnaire was developed under the supervision of a pilot committee involving clinicians and methodologists. Patients have indicated acceptance of this self-administered questionnaire during the cognitive debriefing and it is now being validated.

Eye Diseases↗

PubMed2006

Agreement between responses to a standardized asthma questionnaire and a questionnaire following a demonstration of asthma symptoms in adults.

Asthma epidemiology relies heavily on standardized questionnaires, but little is known about the understanding of asthma symptoms among adults in the community. In 2004, the authors assessed the level of agreement between responses to a standardized questionnaire and responses to a questionnaire completed by participants after viewing a demonstration of asthma symptoms. The study involved 601 young adults from Chile. The field-workers were trained to explain and demonstrate the asthma symptoms to the participants. The symptoms were wheeze, waking at night with breathlessness, breathlessness following exercise, and waking with cough. The kappa statistic did not exceed 0.4, and the recorded prevalence of asthma symptoms following the demonstration was 30-60% lower than that for the standardized questionnaire. Using bronchial responsiveness as the proxy gold standard, the positive likelihood ratios for wheeze and waking short of breath were higher following symptom demonstration. The low agreement between the standardized questionnaire and the postdemonstration questionnaire and the likelihood ratios' closeness to 1 for the standardized questionnaire decreases the authors' confidence in the appropriateness of this tool for estimating the prevalence of asthma in the community. For etiologic studies of asthma, it may contribute to the lack of consistency between different studies analyzing the same etiologic exposures.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

The Dutch EPIC food frequency questionnaire. I. Description of the questionnaire, and relative validity and reproducibility for food groups.

BACKGROUND: A self-administered food frequency questionnaire was developed for the Dutch cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Habitual consumption of 178 food items can be calculated from the questionnaire data. METHODS: Reproducibility and relative validity for food group intake were investigated in a population of 121 Dutch men and Women. The questionnaire was administered three times at 6-month intervals in order to determine the reproducibility. To assess the relative validity 12 monthly 24-hour recalls served as the reference method. RESULTS: Spearman rank order correlation coefficients between estimates of food group intake assessed by repeated questionnaires ranged from 0.45 to 0.92. For men, Spearman correlation coefficients between estimates of food group intake based on the questionnaire and those based on 24-hour recalls ranged from 0.21 for cooked vegetables to 0.78 for sugar and sweet products, with a range of 0.61. For women the median was 0.53, with a minimum of 0.31 for vegetables and a maximum of 0.87 for alcoholic beverages. The photographs in the questionnaire for the estimation of portion sizes contributed little to the relative validity of the ranking of subjects. However, on the group level most median food group estimates based on photographic portion sizes were closer to the median intakes as assessed by 24-hour recalls than those based on standard portion sizes. CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaire seems adequate for ranking Dutch EPIC subjects according to intake of most food groups, although the relative validity for some food groups, such as vegetables and fish, remains of concern.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

The relationship between urinary symptom questionnaires and urodynamic diagnoses: an analysis of two methods of questionnaire administration.

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether method of administration of a standard urinary symptom questionnaire alters the relationship of symptoms with urodynamic diagnoses. DESIGN: Randomised crossover study. SETTING: Tertiary Urogynaecology Unit, London, UK. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and fourteen women attending a tertiary urogynaecology clinic. METHODS: Women were randomised to either an initial interview-assisted questionnaire in the clinic with a follow up postal questionnaire or an initial pre-outpatient questionnaire followed by an interview-assisted questionnaire at the clinic visit. Video cystourethrography or saline cystometry was performed at the clinic visit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Question responses were compared with urodynamic diagnoses. RESULTS: With an interview method, only severity of incontinence was significantly associated with detrusor overactivity (U= 593.5, P= 0.012). With self-completion, severity of nocturia (U= 477, P < 0.05), urgency (U= 395, P= 0.003), urge urinary incontinence (U= 392, P= 0.003), leakage without warning (U= 443, P= 0.035) and incomplete voiding (U= 413, P= 0.01) were significantly associated with detrusor activity. On interview the symptom of stress urinary incontinence (U= 523, P= 0.002) and use of pads (U= 564.5, P= 0.011) were significantly associated with a diagnosis of urodynamic stress incontinence. Severity of stress urinary incontinence (U= 276, P < 0.001), frequency of leakage (U= 348.5, P= 0.004), use of protection (U= 432.5, P < 0.018), nocturnal incontinence (U= 393.5, P= 0.002) and quantity of leakage (U= 441.5, P < 0.05) on self-completion were strongly associated with diagnosed urodynamic stress incontinence. There was no association between the symptoms of urgency or urge incontinence and the urodynamic stress incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: Postal questionnaire responses have a better relationship with urodynamics, both for urodynamic stress incontinence and detrusor over activity, than interview-assisted questionnaire responses. However, no symptom has a high enough specificity and sensitivity to replace urodynamic testing.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Exploratory factor analysis of the Sport Orientation Questionnaire and the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire in a Japanese sport setting.

This study examined sport achievement orientation within the japanese sport setting. 1,836 male and 425 female athletes (M age = 18.6 yr.) from 47 sports completed the Japanese version of the Sport Orientation Questionnaire (24 items), and 1,781 males and 421 females (M age = 18.6 yr.) from 47 sports completed that of the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (14 items). While the original English versions of the questionnaires are composed of three and two factors, respectively, present exploratory factor analyses identified four factors in the Sport Orientation Questionnaire and three in the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire. In this study, two types of the SOQ Competitiveness and the TEOSQ Ego Orientation emerged even though the original versions included only one type. A one-way analysis of variance indicated that sex differences were significant for all subscales. Sex differences in the Sport Orientation Questionnaire of Japanese resembled those of Americans. The overall factor reliability and validity based on the sample suggested that the modified Japanese versions of the two questionnaires can be valuable in the investigation of sport achievement orientation in Japanese sport and exercise settings.

Achievement↗

PubMed2002

Validity of the responses to self-administered questionnaires as compared with the responses to interviews using a structured questionnaire.

A comparison of responses obtained in interviews using a structured questionnaire and those obtained using a self-administered questionnaire about parental history of liver diseases and personal smoking and drinking habits was made to evaluate whether the self-administered questionnaire is an effective means for collecting information on these variables in place of an interview. The subjects used in the present analyses were 46 male hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases and 46 hospital controls who were interviewed between January, 1996 and January, 1997 for HCC cases and between January, 1996 and April, 1997 for hospital controls. Ages at start or stop of smoking and drinking were grouped into four categories as categorical variables. The cumulative number of cigarettes and cumulative alcohol consumption were also grouped into four categories. Generally speaking, the degree of agreement was substantially high for both categorical and continuous variables, particularly for parental history of liver diseases, and smoking (ICC = 0.929 and 0.912 for cases and controls, respectively) and drinking (ICC = 0.899 and 0.882, respectively) habits that are originally nominal categorical variables. On the other hand, the cumulative number of cigarettes (ICC = 0.928 and 0.716, respectively) and the cumulative alcohol consumption (ICC = 0.761 and 0.825, respectively) seemed to have a lower degree of agreement than other variables. For these variables, there was a tendency for the self-administered questionnaire to produce larger values compared with the interview. Therefore, the self-administered questionnaire seemed to be an effective means for collecting information on categorical variables, while the interview using a structured questionnaire seemed to be preferable to the self-administered questionnaire with regard to the lifetime exposure to cigarettes and alcohol.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Validation of the Italian version of the WHO-Well-Being Questionnaire (WHO-WBQ) and the WHO-Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (WHO-DTSQ).

AIM: To validate the Italian version of the World Health Organization (WHO)-Well-Being Questionnaire (WBQ) and the WHO-Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: The cultural adaptation of the questionnaires was performed by using standard forward/backward techniques. Internal consistency reliability was estimated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Construct validity was evaluated using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Status Questionnaire. Finally, the discriminative properties of the questionnaires were evaluated relative to the patients' characteristics. The questionnaires were administered to a random sample of patients identified in twelve outpatient diabetes clinics. RESULTS: Overall, 412 subjects were recruited, of whom 96 (23%) with Type 1 diabetes. Item-scale correlations were >0.40 for all the items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.86 for the WHO-DTSQ and ranged between 0.79 and 0.91 for the WHO-WBQ. High correlations were found between WHO-WBQ scales and the mental dimensions of the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire, but not between WHO-DTSQ and SF-36 scores. Women, obese subjects, those with longer diabetes duration and multiple complications showed a worse quality of life in all of the four areas of the WHO-WBQ. In Type 2 diabetic subjects, SF-36 scores, but not WHO-WBQ scores, were able to discriminate the population according to the treatment modalities. Lower levels of treatment satisfaction were related to female gender, longer diabetes duration, insulin treatment, presence of diabetes complications and HbA1c levels >7.0%. The flexibility of the treatement was perceived as a major problem even among patients treated with oral agents. CONCLUSIONS: The WHO-DTSQ can be considered as a valuable instrument to be used internationally for the description of diabetes treatment satisfaction. The WHO-WBQ also shows adequate psychometric properties, but additional data are needed to clarify whether it is more sensitive than SF-36, the most widely used generic instrument.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Electronic pain questionnaires: a randomized, crossover comparison with paper questionnaires for chronic pain assessment.

Electronic questionnaires for pain assessment are becoming increasingly popular. There have been no published reports to establish the equivalence or psychometric properties of common pain questionnaires administered via desktop computers. This study compared responses to paper (P) and touch screen electronic (E) versions of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and Pain Disability Index (PDI), while examining the role of computer anxiety and experience, and evaluating patient acceptance. In a randomized, crossover design 189 chronic pain patients completed P and E versions of the SF-MPQ and PDI, and self-ratings of anxiety, experience, relative ease and preference. Psychometric properties were highly similar for P and E questionnaires. For the SF-MPQ, 60% or more of subjects gave equivalent responses on individual descriptors and PPI scale, with 80% rating within +/-1 point for an 11-point VAS. Correlations for the SF-MPQ scales ranged from 0.68 to 0.84. For the PDI, 60% or more of subjects responded within +/-1 point on individual questions, and the total score correlation was 0.67. Comparison of mean difference scores revealed no significant differences between modes for any of the questionnaire items or scores. Anxiety and experience scores showed no significant associations through correlations and high/low comparisons. Although nearly half of subjects reported no computer training, anxiety ratings were low, and considerably more subjects rated the E questionnaires as easier and preferred. Findings are consistent with test-retest reliability data, and support the validity and acceptance of electronic versions of the SF-MPQ and PDI.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Design and validation of a questionnaire in Spanish for measuring the quality of life in postmenopausal women: the MENCAV questionnaire].

OBJECTIVE: To calculate the validity and reliability of a questionnaire to measure the quality of life in post-menopausal women. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observation study. SETTING: Three health districts in the province of Cuenca. PARTICIPANTS: 203 menopausal women between 44 and 60 years of age, chosen through simple randomised sampling. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: On the basis of the analysis of various scales of health-related quality of life, some for measuring physical disorders, and others for psychological disorders, a questionnaire was designed. This had 85 items structured as a Likert-like additive scale and explored four dimensions (physical health, psychological health, family environment and social support). In the view of a multi-disciplinary group of health professionals, it met criteria of logical validity and validity of contents for the different spheres that are usually affected in the menopause. After the administration of the questionnaire to the women taking part, a process of "purging" items began, in which those items with a reply frequency to one of the five options of below 5% or above 95% were discarded. Also discarded were those items for which the inter-item correlation was below 0.20, with analysis too of the behaviour of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient as each item was eliminated from its scale. Finally, through exploratory factorial analysis techniques (main components), the distribution of the items in dimensions was evaluated. A final questionnaire made up of 37 items in 5 dimensions, which we named physical health, psychological health, family environment, sexual relationships and social support was reached. This questionnaire had an overall Cronbach's alpha value of 0.84. Finally, the correlations existing between the sum of scores of the items on each of the dimensions were analysed. The correlation coefficients showed values between 0.08 and 0.69. CONCLUSIONS: The MENCAV questionnaire is the first in Spanish which assesses quality of life in menopausal women. Experts analysed its logical validity and contents validity and found it had a high degree of internal consistency.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗

PubMed2002

Validity and reliability of an interviewer-administered questionnaire to measure the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms of storage abnormality: the Leicester Urinary Symptom Questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a valid and reliable interviewer-administered questionnaire to measure the presence and severity of storage abnormality symptoms of incontinence, urgency, frequency and nocturia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects were 930 men and women aged >/=40 years, taking part in a randomized controlled trial of a continence nurse practitioner (CNP) service. Criterion validity was tested by comparing questionnaire responses to 24-h pad test and 3-day urinary diary. Responsiveness was assessed by comparing questionnaire responses before and after treatment. Questions about urgency were investigated for construct validity in patients taking part in the trial who underwent urodynamic investigation (243). Test-retest and inter-rater reliability was measured at approximately 6 days in subjects recruited to an associated epidemiological study (104 and 102, respectively). RESULTS: The questionnaire responses showed significant associations with pad-test and diary measures. Questions about the severity of daytime incontinence performed better than those measuring night-time incontinence. The response categories of soaked, wet, damp and almost dry had better associations with the pad test than other measures of the severity of incontinence. Test-retest and inter-rater reliability was good for all questions, and all were responsive to change in symptoms, showing significant differences before and after treatment. CONCLUSION: There is a clear need for standardization of measurement using well-validated instruments. This interviewer-administered questionnaire is valid, reliable and sensitive to change in a wide range of severity of symptoms, and in both men and women aged >/=40 years. The questionnaire provides a useful assessment tool for primary and secondary care in research and clinical settings.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

Validation of the translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Finnish of the Abdominal Symptom Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Complaint Score Questionnaire.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological surveys require questionnaires to be validated in the native language of the participants. The aim of this study was to validate the Finnish translations of the Abdominal Symptom Questionnaire (ASQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and the Complaint Score Questionnaire (CSQ). METHODS: A random sample of adults (n = 3000) in a northern Swedish bilingual district was surveyed using a mailed ASQ offered in both SwedIsh and Finnish, and 2122 responded (239 in Finnish). A random subsample of the responders (n = 1001, 123 preferring Finish) was then surveyed once more using the ASQ, the HAD and the CSQ. The first 50 responders of the latter survey were then given the three questionnaires again within two weeks. The Finnish versions had been put through a comprehensive translation procedure RESULTS: A factor analysis comparison between the responders using either language in the mailed survey gave a comparable factor construction, and this was also comparable with an earlier analysis of the Swedish version. The Finnish responses to the second survey were further evaluated by testing internal consistency reliability, convergent validity towards previously validated relevant instruments (ShortForm-36 and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale) and the test/re-test accuracy of the three questionnaires. These were found to be reliable, as was the correlation between the ASQ and the CSQ, for relevant domains. CONCLUSION: The Finnish translations of the ASQ, HAD and CSQ questionnaires all seem to be robust and usable for population-based surveys among Finnish adults.

Acculturation↗

PubMed2005

[Validation of a questionnaire to estimate satisfaction with antiretroviral treatment: CESTA questionnaire].

BACKGROUND: Assessment of patient satisfaction with antiretroviral therapy is generating increasing interest in clinical practice, since the outcome is directly related with compliance with therapy and its effectiveness. Currently, there is no validated patient satisfaction questionnaire to evaluate this factor as related to control of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An "ad hoc" questionnaire--Cuestionario Español de Satisfacción con el Tratamiento Antiretroviral (CESTA), Spanish Antiretroviral Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire--was developed to evaluate satisfaction in patients switching to a simplified regimen. In a second phase, the questionnaire was validated in an observational study including 321 patients divided into two cohorts (patients switching to a simplified regimen and patients maintaining the same regimen). RESULTS: A total of 99% and 93% patients, respectively, completed the questionnaire at baseline and at the end-of-study visit. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency and test-retest reliability were 0.82 and 0.69, respectively. Patients switching to a simplified regimen showed a statistically significant higher overall satisfaction score at the third-month visit than at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: The CESTA questionnaire is a valid instrument for use in clinical practice and provides valuable information on patient satisfaction with antiretroviral therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ): a validation study of a multidimensional self-report questionnaire to assess distress, depression, anxiety and somatization.

BACKGROUND: The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) is a self-report questionnaire that has been developed in primary care to distinguish non-specific general distress from depression, anxiety and somatization. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate its criterion and construct validity. METHODS: Data from 10 different primary care studies have been used. Criterion validity was assessed by comparing the 4DSQ scores with clinical diagnoses, the GPs' diagnosis of any psychosocial problem for Distress, standardised psychiatric diagnoses for Depression and Anxiety, and GPs' suspicion of somatization for Somatization. ROC analyses and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations. Construct validity was evaluated by investigating the inter-correlations between the scales, the factorial structure, the associations with other symptom questionnaires, and the associations with stress, personality and social functioning. The factorial structure of the 4DSQ was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The associations with other questionnaires were assessed with Pearson correlations and regression analyses. RESULTS: Regarding criterion validity, the Distress scale was associated with any psychosocial diagnosis (area under the ROC curve [AUC] 0.79), the Depression scale was associated with major depression (AUC = 0.83), the Anxiety scale was associated with anxiety disorder (AUC = 0.66), and the Somatization scale was associated with the GPs' suspicion of somatization (AUC = 0.65). Regarding the construct validity, the 4DSQ scales appeared to have considerable inter-correlations (r = 0.35-0.71). However, 30-40% of the variance of each scale was unique for that scale. CFA confirmed the 4-factor structure with a comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.92. The 4DSQ scales correlated with most other questionnaires measuring corresponding constructs. However, the 4DSQ Distress scale appeared to correlate with some other depression scales more than the 4DSQ Depression scale. Measures of stress (i.e. life events, psychosocial problems, and work stress) were mainly associated with Distress, while Distress, in turn, was mainly associated with psychosocial dysfunctioning, including sick leave. CONCLUSION: The 4DSQ seems to be a valid self-report questionnaire to measure distress, depression, anxiety and somatization in primary care patients. The 4DSQ Distress scale appears to measure the most general, most common, expression of psychological problems.

Anxiety↗