SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Reunion”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

[Clinical aspects and genetic specificities of cystic fibrosis in Reunion Island].

OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of the phenotype-genotype correlation of a specific mucoviscidosis mutation, "Y122X", in Reunion Island. This mutation represents 25% of our cases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of a cohort of 84 children presenting cystic fibrosis (CF) during a 5-year period (1994-1998). Diagnosis was based on one or two identified genetic mutations and/or minimum two abnormal chloride sweat tests (Cl > 70 mmol/l). Follow-up of this cohort was performed in the two referral centers of the Island following the French national guidelines (INSERM U 155). RESULTS: In our population, we identified 10 mutations, of which three of them represented more than 80% of the cases: Delta F508 (51.8%), Y122X (24.4%) and 3120 + 1G --> A (4.8%). The authors report clinical significant differences in children with the homozygote mutation Y122X as compared with children presenting the Delta F508 CF-mutation: failure to thrive affecting mainly the height with, paradoxically, a relatively normal weight development, and a better pulmonary function. CONCLUSION: The frequent Y122X CF-mutation reported in "la Reunion" seems to affect mainly height in children with a relatively good nutritional outcome. This failure to thrive does not seem to be of digestive origin. These results suggest that growth gene(s) located nearby the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) may have suffered the same segregation than the Y122X mutation or that clusters of this specific Caucasian population known as "petits blancs" in la Reunion are smallest for ethnic reasons.

Child↗

PubMed2006

[Asthma on the island of Reunion: an analysis of the severity and therapeutic management].

INTRODUCTION: Asthma is a common condition on the island of La Reunion but there are no epidemiological studies that analyse the prevalence, severity and management of the patients. METHODS: Two studies were undertaken: a CPAM (health insurance) study of 187 patients and an analysis of the data from 253 patients attending a specialist hospital clinic. RESULTS: In these two studies we found 40% of patients were in GINA group 3 compared with 10% in metropolitan France. Recourse to the emergency department and admission to intensive care were common. There was under-evaluation by the treating physicians who did not classify patients correctly. This under-evaluation also occurred in prescribing with only 1/3 of asthmatics in stages 2 and 3 receiving inhaled corticosteroids. Patient education was poor with 30% receiving a demonstration of inhaler technique and 31% a functional evaluation. CONCLUSION: These studies show that the severity profile of asthma on La Reunion is comparable to that in other oceanic countries like Australia and New Zealand rather than metropolitan France. A population study is needed to assess the prevalence of asthma on the island of La Reunion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

A frequent large rearrangement in the CFTR gene in cystic fibrosis patients from Reunion Island.

Reunion Island is a French province, 800 km east of Madagascar and 200 km west of Mauritius. On Reunion Island, the birth prevalence of cystic fibrosis (CF) is particularly high in the population of European origin, approximately 1:1000. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the screening of the 27 exons of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene by denaturing high-pressure liquid chromatography (DHPLC) in 114 CF families allowed the detection of about 93% of the molecular defects present on Reunion Island. Unidentified CF mutations may lie in introns or in regulatory regions that are not routinely investigated, or may correspond to gene rearrangements such as large, heterozygous deletions that escape detection using current PCR-based techniques. Using a combination of different methods (such as multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification), 6 of the 13 unidentified CF alleles (46%) were found to harbor a deletion of 5288 bp, spanning from exon 17a to 18. Identification and examination of the breakpoint sequences showed that this deletion is different from the 3120+1kbdel8.6Kb previously found in the Palestinian Arabs. The chromosomes bearing IVS16+3316_IVS18+644del5288 did not have a common extragenic haplotype. Clinical evaluation of homozygotes (2 unrelated patients) and compound heterozygotes indicated that this deletion represents a severe mutation associated with positive sweat chloride test, pancreatic insufficiency, and early age at diagnosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Chromosomal polymorphism of populations of Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) from Reunion island and cross-fertility among continental African populations].

Cytological examination of a sample of Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes from Reunion island revealed the presence of An. arabiensis only. Chromosomal polymorphisms were observed only for inversion 3Ra, the standard homozygote form being predominant. Cross-mating experiments with laboratory specimens originating from continental Africa produced viable and fertile offspring with no chromosomal asynapsis observed in the F1 female progeny. There was no evidence for speciation of the Reunion island populations. The results are discussed with regard to the behaviour of the vector and its influence on the vectorial capacity of this species, and the history of malaria and malaria control in the South-West islands of the Indian Ocean and on Reunion island in particular.

Africa↗

PubMed2005

[Oculocutaneous albinism in French overseas territories (Reunion, French Guyana, Martinique) and Mayotte. Study of 21 cases in 16 families].

The dual purpose of this study was to determine the genotype of patients with oculocutaneous albinism type 1 and 2 based on analysis of tyrosinase and P gene mutations and to attempt to establish a correlation between phenotype and genotype. This study included a total of 21 Caucasian, Indian and Black African patients from La Reunion, la Martinique, French Guyana and Mayotte. PCR-sequencing of genomic DNA was performed to detect tyrosinase gene mutations and PCR-separation of PCR products by agarose gel electrophoresis was performed to detect 2.7kb deletion allele of the P gene. Tyrosinase gene mutations were identified in two cases, i.e., on eheterozygous guanine "g" deletion (c.572 delG) with a frameshift (Gly191fs) resulting in apremature termination signal at codon 225 in a Caucasian patient from La Reunion and one homozygous missense mutation, Glycine419Arginine, in an Indian patient from La Reunion. The 2.7-kb deletion allele of the P gene was detected in three Black African patients, i.e. two in the homozygous state in siblings from Mayotte and one in the heterozygous state in a girl from la Martinique. The latter patient whose mother was from la Martinique inherited the mutation from her father who was from Cameroon. This study shows that characterization of tyrosinase and P gene mutations in albinos patients is crucial to (a) differentiate subjects with oculocutaneous albinism types 1 and 2 and establish a correlation between phenotype and genotype, (b) identify healthy heterozygous carriers among the patient's immediate family (parents and siblings) and (c) allow prenatal diagnosis during subsequent pregnancies in couples who have already engendered albino children with severe visual phenotype and documented mutation(s).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

[Angiostrongylus in the infant at Reunion and Mayotte. Apropos of 3 cases of eosinophilic meningitis including 1 fatal radiculomyeloencephalitis with hydrocephalus].

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis is widespread in Southeast Asia and Pacific islands. Adults develop a transient meningitis with a benign course but severe or fatal disease may occur in pediatric patients. CASE REPORT 1: A 11 months old boy living in Mayotte island was hospitalized some days after fever and skin rash with seizure status, coma, flaccid quadriplegia, absence of deep tendon reflexes, urinary retention and anal incontinence. Eosinophilia was observed in peripheral blood and in the cerebrospinal fluid. Secondary, he developed a triventricular hydrocephalus treated by a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. After 3 weeks, the child died. Retrospectively, the diagnosis of angiostrongylus infection was established with the help of serology. CASE REPORTS 2 AND 3: Two infants, 10 and 11 months old boys, living in Reunion island, developed fever and vomitings, irritability and, for one of them, a unilateral sixth cranial nerve palsy. There was eosinophilia in the peripheral blood and in the cerebrospinal fluid. All symptoms progressively disappeared with complete recovery. The suspected diagnosis of angiostrongylus infection was confirmed by the serology. CONCLUSION: We report the first case of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in the French island of Mayotte (Comoro Islands) and we confirm the presence of this disease in Reunion island. In this Indian Ocean area, eosinophilic meningitis occurs most of the time in infants with sometimes severe radiculomyeloencephalitic forms. The origin of these occasionally massive infections is the giant African snail Achatina fulica. For a child with meningitis living in Reunion or Mayotte, or coming back from these 2 islands, Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection must be evoked, especially if there is a blood eosinophilia. Since efficiency of antiparasitic treatment is nowadays not proved, information must be given to people living in exposed areas in view to limit incidence of this disease.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis↗

PubMed1995

Opiate systems in mother and infant primates coordinate intimate contact during reunion.

In humans, and non-human primates, reunion following a separation results in a positive emotional state, and an increase in affiliative behaviors. To examine the role of opiate systems, in mothers and infants in mediating reunion behavior, morphine and naltrexone were administered after a brief separation. Infants administered morphine (0.1 mg/kg IM) showed a significant reduction in clinging and girning, a vocalization emitted during close physical contact. Naltrexone (5 mg/kg IM) had opposite effects. When administered to mothers, again morphine decreased and naltrexone increased clinging. Morphine administered to mothers had a more transient behavioral effect which could not be accounted for by lower morphine blood levels. These results demonstrate that during reunion, the amount of intimate contact between a mother and her infant is regulated by the reciprocal activation of their opiate systems. This activation of opiate systems may reinforce the infant's need for attachment and the mother's role in care giving.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Reunions between adoptees and birth parents: the adoptive parents' view.

This article looks at the reactions of adoptive parents to reunions between their adopted children and the children's birth parents. The focus is on how adoptive parents feel the reunion affects the family's integrity. Three types of family responses are identified: (1) closed, (2) divided, and (3) open. Acceptance of the differences between families created by adoption of children and those created by childbirth was a factor in the families' openness. Closed families saw no difference, and reunion suggested to the adults that they had failed as parents. Parents in open families understood the difference in families, saw the children as separate, and felt no threat to their competence as parents. Families' need for boundaries is examined, and the way the concept of family is constructed is discussed. Implications for the practice of adoption are considered.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A professionally led adoption triad group: an evolving approach to search and reunion.

In the field of postadoption services, counseling resources for reunited biological relatives are scarce. An adoption triad search and reunion pilot project at McGill University School of Social Work responded to this scarcity by providing the triad of adopted persons, biological parents, and adoptive parents with supportive counseling, and by conducting research on the outcomes. This article is an evaluative descriptive study of a mutualaid adoption triad group in search and reunion. The data were gathered through pre- and postintervention questionnaires and from process notes of the group meetings, which revealed five major themes. Results of the group experience, in terms of the feelings of the participants, were positive. The mutual-aid triad group can serve as a model for agencies and professionals seeking effective, affordable methods of providing postadoption search and reunion support services.

Adoption↗

PubMed1992

Psychological adjustment of relinquishing mothers before and after reunion with their children.

A main objective of this study was to compare the emotional well-being of mothers who had already experienced a reunion with children relinquished two to four decades ago, with that of mothers who were still awaiting the possibility of such re-contact. A nationwide postal survey was carried out in New Zealand of the relinquishment experiences and subsequent adjustment of 238 women who had been able to re-contact their children and of 206 women who had not as yet made contact. The two subgroups did not differ on two standardised measures of psychological well-being (GHQ-28 and global self esteem). However, the post-reunion women reported significantly greater improvements in their feelings connected with "adoption events", and also reported higher levels of perceived social support than did the pre-reunion women. Women who still lacked any information about their relinquished child showed significantly more negative affect and poorer psychological well-being than those who had at least obtained some non-identifying information.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mediated reunions in adoption: findings from an evaluation study.

In Canada, there are long waiting lists of adopted persons and birthparents seeking information or actual reunions. In the province of Quebec, the government authorized a pilot project, involving a fee-for-service program and use of contract social workers to supplement agency staff as intermediaries in the reunion process. This article reports on the project's evaluation and provides birth-parents' and adoptees' responses to reunion. A survey of clients who used this service found a high level of satisfaction. There were, however, some significant differences between birthparents and adoptees as well as between those who were searching and those found.

Adoption↗

PubMed1991

Reunions between adoptees and birth parents: the adoptees' experience.

One hundred fourteen adult adoptees who had reunions with their birth parents responded to a mail questionnaire about these reunions. Some had been found by their birth parent, and others had searched for this parent. Those who searched were stimulated to do so by a life-cycle transition, by a need to get background information, and by a need to complete their sense of identity. For most of these adoptees, their self-esteem improved and their relationship with their adoptive parents was strengthened as a result of the reunion. These respondents advocate open adoption and better preparation for the adoptive family about adoptees' need to connect with their birth families.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[The maintenance of malaria eradication in Reunion island (1979-1990)].

Malaria, which first occurred in Reunion in 1868, was eradicated from the island in 1979, as a result of eradication campaigns conducted since 1949. Reunion is now in a state of "anophelism without malaria". However, relations with nearby countries with a high malaria potential (Madagascar, Comoros) are responsible for a regular increase in the number of annual cases of imported malaria. This increase, associated with the appearance of chloroquine-resistance in the Indian Ocean area, illustrates the persisting risk of malaria re-appearance in La Réunion, and the need for maintaining a control programme. After describing the epidemiological situation and the ecology of Anopheles gambiae s.l. on the island, the authors give detail on the organisation of malaria control as adopted by the health services. Continuing eradication, which puts emphasis on antivector measures as Reunion is considered as an area with "unstable" malaria, implies an annual invest of US $3,350,000, of which 77% is exclusively used for vector control.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Leave-takings and reunions of infants, toddlers, preschoolers, and their parents.

The leave-taking and reunion behaviors of infants, toddlers, preschoolers, and their parents were observed as the children were "dropped off" and "picked up" at their nursery school each day. On arrival at their classroom, infants and toddlers related primarily to their parents, whereas preschoolers related to their teachers. Girls more frequently engaged in interaction with their teachers, and boys more frequently approached the children's play activities. Distress behaviors during the parents' departures were most frequently shown by toddlers, and the toddlers' parents hovered about them and " sneaked out of the room" more frequently. Children dropped off by mothers versus fathers showed more attention-getting behavior and crying, and mothers versus fathers engaged in more "distracting-the-child" behaviors and showed a longer latency to leave the classroom. During the second semester of observations parents and children spent less time relating to each other during leave-taking, children protested the departures less frequently, and the parents left the classroom more quickly. Regression analyses on distress behaviors during leave- takings and ambivalent behavior during reunions suggested that parent behaviors such as verbal explanation, distracting the child, latency to leave, and " sneaking out of the room" were correlated with children's distress and leave-taking distress was related to ambivalent behavior at reunion.

Attitude↗

PubMed1993

[Number of chromosome breaks and the probability of break reunion during irradiation of mature Drosophila sperm].

The dose-effect curves for half and full translocations induced in mature sperm with the break points within the same chromosomal region were obtained. Probability of reunion q and the number of breaks N that could be calculated from these curves varies within the range 0.83-0.69 and 0.011-0.078, respectively. The half and full translocations were induced under maternal effect of mus 104D1. In this case, q = 0.86 (for normal genotype 0.79) and N = 0.114 (for normal genotype 0.048). These figures show that the dose increase and the introduction of the mus 104 cause increase in the breaks number and only weak change in break reunion occurs. The method developed can be used for the search for mutations that interfere with break reunion.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in the Reunion Island during 2004].

OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: Available data from the Southern Reunion Island Medical Group was processed to assess the evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to antibiotics since 1994 when the first penicillin-non-susceptible S. pneumoniae (PNSSP) was identified. In addition, 249 strains, isolated between 1998 and 2004, were tested against telithromycin and moxifloxacin. RESULTS: Between 1994 and 2004, the percentage of PNSSP increased from 0 to 59.2%. Among PNSSP, 13.9% were resistant strains in 2004 with MICs<4 microg/ml. Before 2001 the rate of resistance to penicillin was superior to 50%. In 2004, 15.8 and 8.7% of the isolated strains were of decreased susceptibility to amoxicillin and cefotaxime respectively while none were resistant to either treatment. Other antibiotics followed the pattern of resistance to penicillin. Between 1998 and 2004, resistance to erythromycin decreased from 42.5 to 35.1%, from 35.1 to 22.8% for cyclins, from 18.8 to 8.8 for chloramphenicol, and from 38.3 to 12.3% for cotrimoxazole. All tested strains were susceptible to both telithromycin and moxifloxacin. CONCLUSION: Amoxicillin remains efficient for all strains isolated in the Reunion Island in 2004. The presence of strains with decreased susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins implies combination with vancomycin for empirical treatment of pneumococcal meningitis. Moxifloxacin can be used when using a fluoroquinolone is justified. Telithromycin is efficient even on strains resistant to erythromycin and consequently this molecule can be prescribed in the case of a required macrolide treatment.

Aza Compounds↗

PubMed2005

Bluetongue virus in the French Island of Reunion.

This paper records the results of a bluetongue virus (BTV) serological survey and reports the first isolation of BTV on the French Island of Reunion. In January 2003, the French Island of Reunion, located off the coast of Madagascar, reported an outbreak of disease in cattle that resembled clinical bluetongue (BT) in sheep. The suspected causal agent was isolated and identified as epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer virus (EHDV). However, because of the similarity in the clinical signs to those of BT, a retrospective survey against BTV was carried out using sera collected in 2002. Results revealed the presence of antibody in all sera tested indicating that BTV has been resident on the Island since 2002, and probably earlier. Although up to July 2003 no clinical BT had ever been reported in sheep, BTV viral RNA was amplified by RT-PCR from a single sheep blood collected in February that year, which strongly suggested that BTV was currently circulating on the Island. Following a second outbreak of disease in August 2003, this time involving a flock of Merino sheep, infectious BTV was finally isolated, and identified by both traditional and molecular techniques as serotype 3. The nucleotide and amino-acid sequences of the RT-PCR products amplified for BTV segments 7 and 10 from the sheep blood collected in February and August from different areas of the Island, were sufficiently diverse as to suggest that they were of different origins and/or different BTV serotypes.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[Chikungunya infection in pregnancy: Evidence for intrauterine infection in pregnant women and vertical transmission in the parturient. Survey of the Reunion Island outbreak].

PURPOSE: Since February 2005, an outbreak of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections occurred in Reunion Island. It is transmitted by the Aedes albopictus mosquito. Neonatal cases observations suggest possible fetal transmission during pregnancy. MATERIAL [corrected] AND METHODS. Observations made in 160 pregnant mothers infected by CHIKV between June 1, 2005 and February 28, 2006, in the south of Reunion island were recorded. RESULTS: Three of nine miscarriages before 22 weeks of gestation could be attributed to the virus. 3,829 births took place during this time. Among the 151 infected women, 118 were viremia negative at delivery, and none of the newborns showed any damage. Among the 33 with positive viremia at delivery, 16 newborns (48.5%) presented neonatal Chikungunya. DISCUSSION: Though fetal contamination risks appear to be rare before 22 weeks of gestation, they are potentially dangerous. After 22 weeks gestation, newborns infection occurs if the mother is viremia positive at delivery. Transplacental transmission is suspected, but the pathogenic mechanism remains unknown.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗