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PubMed1998

Pancreatic cancer and fibrinogen storage disease.

BACKGROUND: Ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common type of pancreatic carcinoma while squamous, carcinosarcoma, sarcoma, giant cell carcinoma, and clear cell types are all rare. Hepatocellular fibrinogen storage disease is also an uncommon disorder which may be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Two cases of pancreatic carcinoma were encountered in a family with fibrinogen storage disease, further raising the possibility of a predilection to malignancy in this unusual disorder. The tumour in one case was of the rare clear cell type. These two cases are the basis for this report. METHODS: Sections were cut from retrieved paraffin embedded tissue and stained for routine histology. Immunohistochemistry using the avidin-biotin technique was applied for the expression of the markers p53 (D07), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), c-erbB-2, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). RESULTS: Both cases were adenocarcinoma of pancreatic ductal origin. The tumour in one case showed features of a clear cell carcinoma. The tumour cells expressed p53, CEA, and EMA immunoreactivity and were negative for c-erbB-2 and AFP. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatocellular fibrinogen storage disease is rare and has been described in association with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and rarely with hepatocellular carcinoma. This represents the first report of its association with carcinoma outside of the liver.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Antitumor activity and pharmacological properties of furizil].

The paper discusses the biological properties of 2-(2-furyl)-5-oxymethyl-5-(2,4-diethyleneimino-1,3,5-triazine- 6-yl) amino-1,3-dioxane (furizil), synthesized by substituting ethyleneimine groups for chlorine atoms in individual stereoisomer of a dichlorotriazine derivative. Furizil was found to inhibit the growth of Ehrlich's tumor, Walker's carcinosarcoma, sarcoma 45 and rat ovarian tumors, the inhibition rate ranging 76-100%. Parenterally administered, LD50 appeared to be 6 mg/kg for rats and 15 mg/kg for mice. Studies of chronic toxicity established damaging effects of furizil on hematopoietic, gastrointestinal and reproductive organs. Toxic effects subsided 1-2 weeks after the drug withdrawal.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Improved discrimination of normal and malignant tissue using 1H NMR relaxation time measurements at 2.18 MHz.

The 1H NMR spin-lattice relaxation time (T1), spin-spin relaxation time (T2), and spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame (T1rho) were determined for Novikoff hepatoma, Walker-256 Carcinosarcoma, Sarcoma-180 and Ehrlich Ascites tumor as well as for 7 normal tissues in the rat at 2.18 MHz. T1 values yielded improved discrimination of normal and malignant tissue compared to previous results at higher frequencies.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[A clinical analysis of 153 uterine sarcomas].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognostic factors and treatment methods of 153 uterine sarcomas. METHODS: 153 cases of the uterine sarcoma were eligible for this retrospective study. Of the 153 cases, 48 were leiomyosarcomas, 47 mixed mesodermal sarcomas, 37 endometrial stromal sarcomas, 8 carcinosarcomas, 4 sarcoma botryoides, 1 fibrosarcoma, and 8 malignant lymphomas. 81 cases were in stage I, 11 stage II, 33 stage III and 11 stage IV. 38 cases were treated by surgery alone, 24 by surgery combined with radiation therapy, 50 by surgery plus chemotherapy, 23 by surgery plus radiation therapy and chemotherapy, 4 by radiation therapy alone, 3 by chemotherapy alone, and 11 by radiation therapy plus chemotherapy. RESULTS: The overall 5-year survival rate was 49.0%, and that of leiomyosarcomas, mixed mesodermal sarcomas and endometrial stromal sarcomas was 46.9%, 34.1% and 69.3% respectively (P < 0.01). The 5-year survival rate of lesions limited to the uterus (stage I + II), and that of pelvic cavity invasion (stage III) and distant metastases was 59.6%, 25.6% and 10.0% respectively (P < 0.01. When the uterus was smaller than a 3 months pregnant uterus, the 5-year survival rate was 49.9%. When the uterus size larger than a 3 months pregnant uterus, the survival rate was 18.8% (P < 0.05). Premenopausals surviving 5-year accounted for 56.3% and post-menopausal 28.9% (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of uterine sarcoma is significantly associated with histologic type, clinical and surgico-pathological stage, uterine size and pre- or post-menopausal status. Radiation or chemotherapy alone is palliative. Postsurgical adjuvant radiotherapy significantly decreased vaginal and pelvic recurrences rates. A combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can reduce pelvic recurrence as well as enhance survivals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cervical carcinosarcoma: a case report.

Cervical sarcomas and carcinosarcomas are exceedingly rare. The clinicopathologic characteristics, management and outcome of a patient with cervical carcinosarcoma is presented.

Carcinosarcoma↗
PubMed1979

Glucagon and epinephrine effect on blood glucose levels in rats carrying Yoshida solid sarcoma and Walker-256 carcinosarcoma.

Changes in blood glucose in response to glucagon and epinephrine administration, in rats bearing Yoshida solid sarcoma and Walker-256 carcinosarcoma have been studied, and in rats carrying Yoshida tumor which had received previously intraperitoneal glucose. The response to glucagon by tumor-bearing rats follows the control pattern but at a lower level of blood glucose. Rats which had received glucose before glucagon administration responded to this hormone as the control animals. These results indicate that glycogen metabolism in the host liver is not diturbed by the presence of the tumor.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic importance of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in the uterine sarcoma.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors play an important role in tumor progression; however, there is no report regarding this factor in uterine sarcoma. Thirty-nine patients with uterine sarcoma, 14 carcinosarcomas, 4 endometrial stromal sarcomas, and 21 leiomyosarcomas, were studied. By immunohistochemical staining, VEGF was not detected in normal uterine smooth muscle, but VEGF receptor-1 (flt-1) and VEGF receptor-2 (flk-1) were observed in 14 and 4 of 14 normal smooth muscles, respectively. Of 39 sarcomas, 25 expressed VEGF, and 38 and 34 sarcomas expressed flt-1 and flk-1 at various intensities, respectively. The staining intensity of VEGF, flt-1, and flk-1 was significantly higher in sarcoma than in normal uterine smooth muscle, but that of phospho-flt-1 (p-flt-1) was significantly lower in sarcoma than in normal uterine smooth muscle. When sarcomas were divided into two groups according to staining intensity, a significant difference in survival curves was observed in only p-flt-1 of leiomyosarcoma (P= 0.008), and in all sarcomas, a lower survival curve was also observed in the high staining intensity group than in the low staining intensity group, although there was no significant difference (P= 0.102). In conclusion, VEGF and its receptors are suggested to be involved in progression of uterine sarcoma, but only the p-flt-1 level significantly affected the survival of leiomyosarcoma patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in malignant mesenchymal tumors and related uterine lesions.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in uterine sarcoma cells and carcinosarcoma cells is associated with cell type. Nineteen sections of tissues from uterine sarcomas, carcinosarcomas, and an adenosarcoma, and endometrial stromal sarcomas, were immunohistochemically analyzed for the cellular expression of COX-2. Positive immunostaining for COX-2 was observed in 88.9% (8/9) uterine carcinosarcomas, uterine adenosarcomas but was not observed in uterine sarcomas and the endometrial stromal sarcoma (0/10). But positive immunostaining for COX-2 was observed in some sarcomatoid cells in carcinosarcoma tissue. These findings suggest that some of the sarcoma cells in uterine carcinosarcomas resemble epithelial malignant cells in regard to the increase in COX-2 expression, and support the hypothesis that some uterine carcinosarcomas are combination tumors. This may serve as a basis for new chemoprevention and treatment strategies for uterine carcinosarcomas through the inhibition of COX-2 activity.

Adenosarcoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Metabolic study of sarcoma 45 and Walker carcinosarcoma cells during growth and anticoagulant exposure. An autoradiographic study].

Intensity of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis was estimated autoradiographically in rat tumour cells of sarcoma 45 (S. 45) and Walker carcinosarcoma (WCS). It is shown that the DNA synthesis reduces with tumour growth, the RNA synthesis in growing S.45 increases. The level of nucleic acid synthesis is higher in metastatic cells of WCS than in the initial transplant. DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in neoplastic cells decreases under anticoagulant treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

PTEN mutations in uterine sarcomas.

OBJECTIVE: Uterinesarcomas comprise three main types: carcinosarcomas, leiomyosarcomas, and endometrial stromal sarcomas. Carcinosarcomas are highly aggressive neoplasms with a biphasic histology of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. It is now generally accepted that carcinosarcomas are biphasic tumors that have to be regarded as endometrial carcinomas where metaplasia occurs. Mutations of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene, located on 10q23, play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the endometrioid type of endometrial carcinoma. Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 10q has been reported in uterine leiomyosarcoma. Since little is known about the molecular pathobiology, our goal was to investigate the potential role of the PTEN gene in the carcinogenesis of uterine sarcomas. METHODS: We examined 21 carcinosarcomas, 21 leiomyosarcomas, and 5 endometrial stromal sarcomas using exon-by-exon polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. RESULTS: Overall 8.5% (4/47) of uterine sarcomas were found to harbor somatic PTEN mutations. Of these, approximately 17% (3/18) were carcinosarcomas with endometrioid-type carcinoma components and approximately 5% (1/21) were leiomyosarcomas. No mutations were detected in carcinosarcomas with nonendometrioid carcinoma components (0/3) and in endometrial stromal sarcomas (0/5). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that intragenic PTEN mutations are involved in the genesis of uterine carcinosarcomas with endometrioid-type carcinoma components but rarely contribute to the pathobiology of uterine leiomyosarcomas.

Exons↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Metabolic study of sarcoma 45 and Walker carcinosarcoma cells during the process of growth and exposure to anticoagulants (an enzyme cytochemical analysis)].

The enzyme activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and acid phosphatase (AP) in the rat sarcoma 45 (S. 45) cells and Walker carcinosarcoma (WCS) cells were estimated from the histochemical study. No significant changes were found in the histochemical reaction intensity during the tumour growth but at the late stage of WCS growth the LDH activity increased. WCS metastases were distinguished by the elevated enzyme activity of LDH as compared with the tumour. During the anticoagulant treatment the LDH and SDH activity in S. 45 and WCS cells falls, but the AP activity increases.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The ultrastructural spectrum of synovial sarcomas: a study of the epithelial type differentiation of primary tumors, recurrences, and metastases.

Synovial sarcomas (SS) are malignant soft tissue tumors of unknown origin. Their classification as carcinomas (monophasic synovial sarcomas, MSS) or carcinosarcomas (biphasic synovial sarcomas, BSS) still raises controversy. In an attempt to settle this controversy, an ultrastructural study was undertaken of 25 primary SS (12 BSS and 13 MSS), 5 recurrences (3 BSS and 2 MSS), and 2 metastases (2 BSS) based upon precise selection of different aspects of BSS and MSS on numerous semithin sections from each case. Ultrastructural markers of epithelial type differentiation of neoplastic cells were found in every type of cellular component of SS regardless of the tumoral pattern (biphasic or not). No major differences were found between MSS and the nonglandular areas of BSS (not even regarding the presence of abortive glandular lumina). Cytoarchitectural transitions were frequently observed; these included spindle to epithelioid cell types and fascicular to solid (MSS and BSS) or fascicular to glandular (BSS) patterns. These findings support the assumption that spindle cells of SS are neoplastic and may evolve to glandular cells in SS. Based on the cytogenetic data pointing to a common pathogenesis of both phenotypes (BSS and MSS), SS may represent true carcinomas of soft tissues with a biphasic and/or monophasic pattern depending on the degree of differentiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1951

Wilms' tumor.

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Carcinosarcoma↗