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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Lelystad virus, the cause of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome: a review of mystery swine disease research at Lelystad.

This paper reviews the laboratory investigations that led us to isolate the Lelystad virus and demonstrate that this virus causes mystery swine disease. We describe: 1) isolating the virus from the disease; 2) characterizing the virus as a new enveloped RNA virus; 3) reproducing the disease experimentally with the isolated Lelystad virus; 4) isolating the virus from the experimentally induced disease.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1992

[Vesicular swine disease in The Netherlands].

The clinical signs, diagnosis and epizootiology of swine vesicular disease (SVD) are described. The clinical appearance is illustrated by photographs of experimentally and naturally infected pigs. Special attention is paid to differences between SVD and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and to the choice of disinfectants.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Swine diseases transmissible with artificial insemination.

The transport of fresh and frozen semen to be used for artificial insemination creates a mode of disease transmission between farms. Normally, semen contains a number of nonpathogenic bacterial contaminants; however, excessive bacterial contamination can result in infertile matings. Contamination with a known pathogen, eg, Brucella suis, could initiate a serious outbreak of disease in a recipient herd. Methods to minimize bacterial contamination of semen include sanitary collecting and processing of semen, isolation of boards from certain pathogens, and the addition of appropriate broad spectrum or combination antibiotics to the semen. Mycoplasmas also have been isolated from semen, although transmission by this route is unlikely. The addition of an appropriate antimycoplasmal antibiotic to semen may be warranted in some situations. Numerous viruses have been detected in semen. Their exclusion from semen is especially critical because of their ability to survive in frozen semen. These viruses include pseudorabies virus, porcine parvovirus, enterovirus, adenovirus, vesicular disease virus, and African swine fever virus. The likelihood of disease transmission is greater with the introduction of a boar into a herd than through the use of fresh or frozen semen. We believe that artificial insemination allows for the introduction of new genetics into a breeding program, with minimal risk of disease transmission.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Smooth muscle cell proliferation in response to endothelial injury in coronary arteries of normal and von Willebrand's disease swine.

The proliferative response of medial smooth muscle cells to balloon-induced endothelial denudation was measured in coronary arteries of normal and von Willebrand's disease swine, a strain of swine with a genetic defect affecting platelet-vessel wall interactions. Animals were sacrificed 48 hours following endothelial injury. Incorporation of a 1-hour pulse label of 3H-thymidine was determined by measuring DNA specific activity. Autoradiography of coronary artery step segments was also performed. The ratio of DNA specific activity in ballooned vessels to that in nonballooned vessels ranged from 1.2 to 26.2. No statistically significant difference in 3H-thymidine incorporation between the two phenotypes was documented (p greater than 0.25). Similarly, DNA incorporation of 3H-thymidine as determined by autoradiography was accelerated to the same degree in ballooned vessels in both phenotypes. The results suggest that von Willebrand factor-mediated platelet activation is not essential for the release of platelet-derived growth factor or that in vivo factors other than platelet-derived growth factor play a significant role in the response of medial smooth muscle cells to acute intimal injury causing endothelial denudation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Platelet adhesion to damaged coronary arteries: Comparison in normal and von Willebrand disease swine.

The early response to coronary artery injury was investigated in normal swine and in swine with von Willebrand disease (vWD). Thirty minutes after coronary endothelial denudation, a monolayer of platelets was adherent to areas of simple injury in both bleeder and normal swine. The number of adherent platelets was not significantly different in the two phenotypes. Injury involving the media of the vessel produced platelet-fibrin thrombi. Platelet activation, as judged by pseudopod formation and platelet spreading over areas of simple injury, was significantly less in bleeder animals than in normal animals. These studies suggest that chemotaxis and initial contact adhesion of platelets to injured arterial wall is independent of the von Willebrand factor. On the other hand, the spreading and activation of platelets on the subendothelium appear to be dependent on the presence of plasma von Willebrand factor. Through this mechanism von Willebrand factor may contribute to arterial thrombosis and atherogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Laboratory diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease and swine vesicular disease in the years 1962-1988 in Greece].

During 26 years (1962-1988) 499 samples from FMD-suspicious cases were examined in Greece. These materials came from 348 (70%) cattle, 95 (19%) pigs and 56 (11%) sheep and goats. The cattle with 197 (72.4%) positive cases seems to play the most important roll in FMD. The different isolated virus types belonged in 60 cases to type A, in 187 to type O, in 14 to type C, in 6 to type SAT 1 and in 2 cases to type ASIA 1, respectively. SVD was isolated in 3 cases from the same area and at the same time. Most samples have been examined by means of CF, cell culture, unweaned mice or by a combined way of these assays. From 363 samples have examined: A) 148 by CF, B) 32 by CF and cell culture, C) 64 by CF and baby mice D) 80 by CF, cell culture baby mice E) 8 by cell culture, F) 18 in cell culture and baby mice and G) 13 by baby mice. Form these samples were found positive in the case A) 74 (50%), E) 3 (38%) and none in case G. On the other hand, the correlation of the positive samples in combined assays were in case B) 9:21, C) 9:1, D) 8:22:16 and the case F) 3:2 respectively. The D case shows that CF detected less positive cases than the cell culture did. For a reliable labor diagnosis of FMD every sample must be examined by more than one method.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of pre-coated immunoplates and freeze-dried reagents for the diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease and swine vesicular disease by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

An indirect sandwich ELISA is used by the World Reference Laboratory for Foot-and-Mouth Disease for the diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease virus and swine vesicular disease virus. The potential for supplying ELISA 'kits' for diagnosis to other laboratories has been assessed by evaluating the reactivity of (a) immunoplates pre-coated with rabbit antisera to FMDV and SVDV and (b) freeze-dried diluted reference antisera. Immunoplates pre-coated using a sodium carbonate/hydrogen carbonate buffer retained 100% sensitivity at temperatures of 4 degrees C and -20 degrees C over the experimental storage period of 140 days but elevated storage temperatures, 18-24 degrees C and 37 degrees C, produced declining reactivity. There was a marked improvement in retention of reactivity upon storage at 37 degrees C when employing an alternative coating buffer, ammonium hydrogen carbonate. The reactivity of the rabbit antisera diluted in sodium carbonate/hydrogen carbonate solution and freeze-dried was high, as was the freeze-dried guinea pig antisera which had been diluted in each of the test solutions investigated. ELISA 'kits' for diagnosis, therefore, could be supplied using pre-coated immunoplates, with freeze-dried antiserum reagents or a combination of the two.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Sensitivity of primary cells immortalised by oncogene transfection for the detection and isolation of foot-and-mouth disease and swine vesicular disease viruses.

Primary cells derived from calf thyroid (CTY), calf kidney (CK) and piglet kidney (PK) were immortalised by oncogene transfection and their susceptibility to infection by foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus and swine vesicular disease (SVD) virus examined. Eighty-five immortalised cell lines (47 CTY, 20 CK and 18 PK) proved stable upon repeated cell culture passage and many supported the growth of FMD virus and several of the PK cell lines supported SVD virus. However, none of the immortalised lines exhibited either the degree of sensitivity or the specificity for all virus serotypes and strains as shown by primary CTY and IB-RS-2 cell cultures which are routinely employed for vesicular virus diagnosis.

Animals↗