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PubMed1976

[Bacterial accumulation on silicate and composite materials].

It was shown in a previous study that more plaque accumulates on composite filling materials than on silicate cement and amalgam. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the accumulation of Streptococcus mutans on silicate cement and on composite material by scanning electron microscopy. Whether the adhesion was dependent on the presence of sucrose was also tested. Round disks, 6 mm in diameter, were made from the two materials. The disks were submerged in media with and without sucrose and inoculated with S. mutans OMZ 176. The disks were removed after 1 or 30 minutes, rinsed in saline and prepared for SEM. Along the diameter of each disk pictures were taken at similar intervals. From a total of 48 pictures from each material 18 pictures were selected at random and the number of microorganisms counted. The results indicated that bacteria initially adhered to both silicate and composite in about the same number. The presence of sucrose did not influence the initial adsorption. After 30 minutes bacteria were scarcely found on silicate, whereas large clumps of bacteria were attached to the composite. Sucrose increased bacterial accumulation on composites but did not affect the adherence to silicate cement.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of biologic effects of dental materials using four different cell culture techniques.

The cytotoxicity of fresh and 1-day-old silicate cement, composite restorative material and zinc oxide-eugenol cement (ZOE) was tested using human epithelial cells (NCTC 2544) in four different cell culture systems: (1) 51Cr-release from prelabeled cells after incubation for 4 and 24 h in the presence of the materials. (2) Implanting the materials on an agar everlay and visualizing any cytotoxic effects after 24 h by neutral red vital stain. (3) Cell growth during 5 d in the presence of the materials. (4) Colony-forming ability after exposure of the cells for 30 min to medium previously incubated with the materials for 24 h. Freshly prepared and 1-day-old ZOE exhibited a prominent cytotoxic effect in all four systems. A less marked effect was found for the composite material in systems 2, 3, and 4, while silicate cement appeared to be the least toxic material in these three systems. Neither silicate cement nor composite showed any cytotoxic effect in system 1 based on 51Cr-release. It is concluded that the effects obtained by the cell culture techniques did not mimic the reactions obtained when the materials are tested under conditions which reflect their clinical use.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1977

[Animal experimental studies on a new dentin and pulp-protective lacquer (Bayer D-520)].

In an ADA experiment on the protective qualities of a new polyurethane varnish (D-520 Bayer) 72 class 5 cavities were prepared on 3 monkeys and treated by the following 4 methods: -- 18 silicate cement (Bio-Trey) with varnish -- 18 silicate cement (Bio-Trey) without varnish -- 18 composite (Adaptic) fillings with varnish -- 18 composite (Adaptic) fillings without varnish. After an observation time of 14 days, a significant positive result for the 520 varnish could be obtained. An experiment lasting 12 weeks was subsequently undertaken.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Biological tests on an experimental glass ionomer (silicopolyacrylate) cement.

The biological compatibility of an experimental glass ionomer (silicopolyacrylate) cement has been assessed in in vitro (cell culture) and in vivo (monkey teeth) tests. For comparison a conventional silicate cement (Super Syntrex) was included in the in vivo experiments. In vitro, the glass ionomer cement was toxic when freshly prepared. The toxicity decreased, however, with increasing setting time. In experiments with prolonged cell-material contact time with specimens which had set for 24 h, the material appeared to be non-toxic. The in vivo experiments confirmed previous reports concerning unfavourable pulp reaction caused by silicate cement, while the glass ionomer cement caused mainly a mild pulp reaction after 8 days of observation. Unfortunately no longer-term observations were obtained since the material had been washed out of the cavities within 36 days.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1977

Bacteria in cavities beneath intermediary base materials.

The ability of six different intermediary base materials to prevent bacterial entrance beneath silicate cement fillings was investigated in vivo in primary molars. After an observation period of 1 month, bacteria were found on the pulpal wall in two out of 10 cavities beneath Fluoritec and four out of 10 cavities beneath Durelon solid mixed, De Trey phosphate cement solid or creamy mixed. Beneath the intermediary base materials Dycal, zinc oxide-eugenol cement, Dropsin and Durelon creamy mixed, no bacteria were found. In cavities filled with silicate cement or silver amalgam only, bacteria were observed in nine out of 10 and in five out of 10 cavities, respectively.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1977

Fluoride release from a glass ionomer cement.

The release of fluoride from a glass ionomer cement (ASPA) was compared with that from a silicate cement. Test specimens were shaken in a solution with hydroxyapatite for 7 weeks. The solution was changed every week and the fluoride taken up by the hydroxyapatite measured. The specimens released considerably more fluoride during each of the first 2 weeks than during each of the subsequent 5 weeks. The continued release did not decrease very much with time. Slightly more fluoride was released from the glass ionomer cement than from the silicate.

Dental Cements↗
PubMed1978

A method for evaluation of initial tissue response to biomaterials.

In the present paper an implantation technique is described whereby the effect of the surgical operation is eliminated and initial tissue reactions to materials may be studied. A teflon body was implanted intramuscularly in rabbits. After six weeks the overlaying tissue was excised and the implant removed. An intact, nonepithelialized tissue surface was exposed, which due to the shape of the implant showed three indentations. Materials were placed in the indentations for 15 minutes and the tissue reaction was registered by enzyme histochemical methods. Silicate cement, zinc phosphate cement and a 4% phenol solution caused an inhibition in the dehydrogenase enzyme activity in the tissue subjacent to the indentations. The severity of the tissue reaction, indicated by the width of the inhibition zone, varied among the test materials. Silicate cement caused the widest inhibition zone and the phenol solution the narrowest one. These results correlate well with previous tissue compatibility studies and indicate that the method is applicable for in vivo screening of initial tissue response to biomaterials.

Animals↗