PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Sphingobacterium”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Production of 10-ketostearic acid and 10-hydroxystearic acid by strains of Sphingobacterium thalpophilum isolated from composted manure.

Six strains of Sphingobacterium thalpophilum were isolated from a compost mixture enriched with oleic acid. These strains converted oleic acid to 10-ketostearic acid (10-KSA; 87-94% of the total conversion product) and to 10-hydroxystearic acid (10-HSA; 6-13%) exhibiting three levels of total product yields. The predominant production of 10-KSA by these new S. thalpophilum isolates is in contrast to strain 142b (NRRL B-14797) previously isolated from a commercial compost, which produces exclusively 10-HSA. The production yield of greater than 75% 10-KSA was achieved in 36 h, acting on 0.26 g of oleic acid in 30-ml fermentation broth incubated with agitation at 28 degrees C. For easy maintenance, fast-growth, and high bioreactivity, these S. thalpophilum strains are suited for developing a large-scale production of 10-KSA and 10-HSA.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1996

Induction, localization, and purification of a novel sialidase, deaminoneuraminidase (KDNase), from Sphingobacterium multivorum.

Recently, we reported the discovery of a new type of sialidase, KDNase, which specifically hydrolyzes the ketosidic linkages of 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nononic acid (KDN), but not N-acylneuraminyl linkages. We now report that this enzyme, designated KDNase SM, is an inducible enzyme that is localized in the periplasm of Sphingobacterium multivorum. Growth of S. multivorum in the presence of KDN-containing oligosaccharide alditols, KDNalpha2-->3Galbeta1-->3GalNAc alpha1-->3[KDNalpha2--> (8KDN alpha2-->)n-->6]GalNAcol, as a sole carbon source induced KDNase SM activity 15 40-fold, compared with growth in the absence of inducer. KDN, Neu5Ac, or Neu5Ac oligomers were ineffective as inducers. The enzyme was released from the periplasm of induced cells by cold osmotic shock and purified 700-fold to homogeneity. The specific activity of the pure enzyme was 82,100 units/mg of protein. KDNase SM activity resided in a single polypeptide chain with an estimated molecular weight of approximately 47,500. Enzyme activity was maximal at near neutral pH. The availability of pure KDNase will now make it possible to study the structure and functional role of KDN-glycoconjugates and to determine the molecular mechanism whereby the enzyme can discriminate between KDN and N-acylneuraminic acid.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗
PubMed2001

Zeaxanthin and menaquinone-7 biosynthesis in Sphingobacterium multivorum via the methylerythritol phosphate pathway.

Feeding of [1-(13)C]glucose, [U-(13)C(6)]glucose, [3-(13)C]alanine and [1-(13)C]acetate to Sphingobacterium multivorum showed that this bacterium utilizes the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for the biosynthesis of menaquinone-7 and zeaxanthin, a carotenoid of industrial importance. Differential incorporation of the labeled precursors gave some insight into the preferred carbon sources involved in isoprenoid biosynthesis.

Acetates↗
PubMed2002

Occurrence of epsilon-poly-L-lysine-degrading enzyme in epsilon-poly-L-lysine-tolerant Sphingobacterium multivorum OJ10: purification and characterization.

Epsilon-poly-L-lysine (epsilon-PL)-degrading enzyme was found in the epsilon-PL-tolerant strain Sphingobacterium multivorum OJ10 and purified to homogeneity. The purified enzyme has a molecular mass of approximately 80 kDa. The enzyme catalyzed exo-type degradation of epsilon-PL and released L-lysine. The enzyme was a Co2+ or Ca2+ ion-activated aminopeptidase.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1997

Molecular evidence for association between the sphingobacterium-like organism "Candidatus comitans" and the myxobacterium Chondromyces crocatus.

Seven strains of the myxobacterium Chondromyces crocatus, isolated from widely separated geographic regions, were investigated for the presence of an associate gram-negative, rod-shaped companion bacterium that is phylogenetically related to the genus Sphingobacterium and has been named "Candidatus comitans" (C. A. Jacobi, E. Stackebrandt, H. Reichenbach, and B. J. Tindall, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 46:119-122, 1996). Five of the Chondromyces strains were found to be associated with a companion bacterium, and one strain lost its companion during the study. A 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) clone library was generated for each Chondromyces culture. Sequence similarity was > 99.1% for all but one strain of C. crocatus and all but one strain of "Candidatus comitans". The three analyzed 16S rDNA clone sequences of the companion of Cm c7 indicated that this companion strain is slightly less related to the other companion strains. The association between the companion and the myxobacterium including the sporangioles was determined by in situ hybridization with fluorescently labeled rRNA probes and scanning confocal laser microscopy. Based on these results, there are indications that the companion strains may survive environmental stress by inclusion in the aggregates and in the sporangioles of the myxobacterium.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

Septicemia caused by Sphingobacterium multivorum.

Sphingobacterium multivorum was isolated in pure culture from the blood of a man undergoing chemotherapy for a lymphoma. He responded to appropriate antibiotics and later showed a significant rise in specific serum antibodies. Carbon substrate assimilation tests and fatty acid analysis proved useful in identifying the organism precisely.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1994

Expression of the symbiotic plasmid from Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii in Sphingobacterium multivorum.

An inoculant strain of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii containing a Tn5 marked symbiotic plasmid transferred this plasmid by conjugation to Sphingobacterium multivorum, an organism that can be found in soil. The transconjugant bacteria nodulated the roots of white clover (Trifolium repens) seedlings but did not fix atmospheric nitrogen. Microscopic examination revealed abnormal nodule structures. Bacteria isolated from the nodules were shown to be closely related to the recipient S. multivorum and Southern blots of genomic digests probed with nodA DNA confirmed that the transconjugants contained symbiotic genes. This is the first report of the spontaneous transfer, by conjugation, of a symbiotic plasmid from R. leguminosarum biovar trifolii to S. multivorum.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of Flavobacterium and Sphingobacterium species by enzyme profiles, with use of pattern recognition of two-dimensional fluorescence data.

Enzyme profiles of eight Flavobacterium species and one Sphingobacterium species were compared after using a two-dimensional fluorescence technique. Enzyme contents and corresponding activities were rapidly determined for whole-cell preparations after incubation with a mixture of preselected fluorogenic substrates. A two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of the resulting product mixture, measured with a video fluorometer, provided a characteristic "fingerprint" for each organism. Comparison of fluorescent spectra was facilitated by a Fourier-transform-based pattern-recognition algorithm and by a clustering technique involving the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. F. multivorum, F. thalpophilum, and S. mizutae formed one cluster; F. indologenes, F. spiritivorum, F. odoratum, and F. balustinum formed a second. F. meningosepticum was intermediate between the first and second cluster, whereas F. breve was different from all other strains examined, based on their spectral dissimilarity indices and correlation coefficients.

Flavobacterium↗
PubMed1996

Sphingobacterium multivorum septicemia: a case report.

A 47-year-old man presented with a history of fever, chills and weight loss for 3 months. He had been treated for diabetes mellitus during the past 3 years. He developed high fever with abnormal liver function tests. Both Widal and Weil-Felix reactions were negative with normal roentgenogram of the chest. His anti-HIV tests were positive. The cultures from the blood and sputum yielded pure Sphingobacterium multivorum sensitive to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, cefotaxime, ceftazidine and ceftriaxone. On the next day, the patient developed signs and symptoms of meningitis with the CSF containing chronic and acute inflammatory cells but revealed no growth on culture. The patient was treated with a combination of ceftriazone and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole but he died on the 6th day after admission. This patient was the fifth reported case infected with S.multivorum. It illustrates that this potentially pathogenic organism can cause septicemia in an immunodeficient patient.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2006

[Degradation pathway of 17alpha-ethynylestradiol by Sphingobacterium sp. JCR5].

A bacterial strain, JCR5, which degrades 17alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2), was isolated from activated sludge of wastewater treatment plant treating wastewater from pharmacy factory mainly producing contraceptive medicine in Beijing, China. Based on its morphology, physiology biochemical properties and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, this strain was identified as Sphingobacteriumn sp. JCR5. Strain JCR5 can grow on EE2 as sole carbon and energy source. The degradation process for EE2 with initial concentration of 30 mg x L(-1) was studied, and the result indicated that the degradation rate of EE2 within 10 days was 87%. Experiments of different substrates showed that strain JCR5 can grow on many substrates other than EE2 such as several steroidal estrogens (estrone, 17beta-estradiol, estriol and mestranol), the intermediates in contraceptive medicine processing and some aromatic compounds. Mass spectrum analysis demonstrated that EE2 was oxygenized to estrone (E1) firstly, and 2-hydroxy-2,4-dienevaleric acid and 2-hydroxy-2,4-diene-1, 6-dioic acid were the main catabolic intermediates during EE2 degradation. The former adopted a pathway that was analogical to the pathway of the previously reported testosterone-degrading Comamnonas testosteroni TA441, and the latter was a metabolite with a different cleavage position of 3-hydroxy-4,5-9, 10-disecoestrane-1(10), 2-diene-5,9, 17- trione-4-oic acid from the former.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed1998

Classification of heparinolytic bacteria into a new genus, Pedobacter, comprising four species: Pedobacter heparinus comb. nov., Pedobacter piscium comb. nov., Pedobacter africanus sp. nov. and Pedobacter saltans sp. nov. proposal of the family Sphingobacteriaceae fam. nov.

Sixteen heparinase-producing isolates, related to Sphingobacterium heparinum, were grouped into three major clusters by SDS-PAGE and DNA-rRNA hybridizations. Based on a polyphasic approach, it was shown that isolates of two of these clusters and S. heparinum species belong to a new genus for which the name Pedobacter is proposed. The genus consists of Pedobacter heparinus comb. nov. (formerly Sphingobacterium heparinum), which is the type species, Pedobacter piscium comb. nov. (formerly Sphingobacterium piscium), Pedobacter africanus sp. nov. and Pedobacter saltans sp. nov. and four as-yet-unnamed DNA hybridization groups. All the previously named taxa can be discriminated by phenotypic features, but have strong overall similarities with representatives of the genus Sphingobacterium and the misclassified species [Flexibacter] canadensis. All these organisms constitute a separate rRNA branch in rRNA superfamily V for which the family Sphingobacteriaceae fam. nov. is proposed.

Classification↗
PubMed2005

Microbial production of optically active beta-phenylalanine ethyl ester through stereoselective hydrolysis of racemic beta-phenylalanine ethyl ester.

The ability to produce (R)- or (S)-beta-phenylalanine ethyl ester (3-amino-3-phenylpropionic acid ethyl ester, BPAE) from racemic BPAE through stereoselective hydrolysis was screened for in BPAE-assimilating microorganisms. Sphingobacterium sp. 238C5 and Arthrobacter sp. 219D2 were found to be potential catalysts for (R)- and (S)-BPAE production, respectively. On a 24-h reaction, with 2.5% (w/v) racemic BPAE (130 mM) as the substrate and wet cells of Sphingobacterium sp. 238C5 as the catalyst, 1.15% (w/v) (R)-BPAE (60 mM) with enantiomeric purity of 99% e.e. was obtained, the molar yield as to racemic BPAE being 46%. On a 48-h reaction, with 2.5% (w/v) racemic BPAE (130 mM) as the substrate and wet cells of Arthrobacter sp. 219D2 as the catalyst, 0.87% (w/v) (S)-BPAE (45 mM) with enantiomeric purity of 99% e.e. was obtained, the molar yield as to racemic BPAE being 35%. The enzyme stereoselectively hydrolyzing (S)-BPAE was purified to homogeneity from the cell-free extract of Sphingobacterium sp. 238C5. The enzyme was a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of about 42,000. The enzyme catalyzed hydrolysis of beta-phenylalanine esters, while the common aliphatic and aromatic carboxylate esters were not catalyzed.

Arthrobacter↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of pyrrolidonyl arylamidase for the identification of nonfermenting Gram-negative rods.

To evaluate the activity of pyrrolidonyl arylamidase (PYR) for the differentiation and identification of nonfermenting gram negative rods (NFGNR), 293 isolates were tested. A 24 h culture of each test organism was prepared. From this a 108-109 cfu/mL suspension was added to 0.25 mL of sterile physiologic solution. A PYR disk was then added and the test was incubated for 30 minutes at 35-37 degrees C, at environmental atmosphere. Reading was done by adding 1 drop of cinnamaldehyde reagent. Strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter haemolyticus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Bergeyella zoohelcum, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Bordetella hinzii, Brevundimonas diminuta, Brevundimonas vesicularis, Brucella ovis, Brucella spp., Brucella suis, Burkholderia cepacia complex, Moraxella catarrhalis, Moraxella lacunata, Moraxella nonliquefaciens, Moraxella osloensis, Oligella ureolytica, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Pseudomonas mendocina, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas Vb3, Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were PYR negative. On the other hand Achromobacter piechaudii, Achromobacter denitrificans, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Burkholderia gladioli, Chryseobacterium gleum-indologenes, Comamonas testosroni, Cupriavidus pauculus, Delftia acidovorans, Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, Myroides spp., Ochrobactrum anthropi, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Ralstonia pickettii, Rhizobium radiobacter, Shewanella spp., Sphingobacterium multivorum, Sphingobacterium spiritivorum, and Weeksella virosa were PYR positive. Finally, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Roseomonas spp., and Sphingomonas paucimobilis-parapaucimobilis were PYR variable. PYR testing should be considered as a useful tool to facilitate the identification of NFGNR.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1996

"Candidatus comitans," a bacterium living in coculture with Chondromyces crocatus (myxobacteria).

We describe the phylogenetic position and some taxonomically relevant characteristics of a small pleomorphic gram-negative bacterium that was cocultured with some strains of the myxobacterium Chondromyces crocatus that were isolated from the same geographic and ecological habitat. A 16S ribosomal DNA analysis revealed that the companion was a member of the "Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides" complex and was most closely related to members of the genus Sphingobacterium. The results of a fatty acid analysis, an isoprenoid composition analysis, and a DNA G+C content analysis and the presence of sphingolipids confirmed that this bacterium is affiliated with the genus Sphingobacterium. As the companion bacterium survived for only a few generations on solid media and could not be maintained in pure culture, we assign to this novel taxon that lives in close association with the myxobacterium C. crocatus Candidatus status as "Candidatus comitans."

Bacteroidetes↗