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PubMed1988

[Stage-adapted pain therapy in advanced malignant urologic diseases].

In advanced urological malignant diseases pain therapy is frequently of prime importance. Considerable progress in this area has led to the treatment of pain being taken on increasingly by specialized groups, in some cases without feedback to the urologist. In this situation it seems expedient for a urologist working in the field of oncology to be thoroughly informed of the present status of knowledge in modern pain treatment. The opportunities opened up by interdisciplinary team work directed by a urologist are pointed out, as are the requirements this imposes. The current chances of medicamentous cancer pain therapy and the treatment options in the fields of anaesthesiology, neurology and neurosurgery are touched upon with reference to the pathophysiology of chronic painful conditions.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1981

[Operations of urological diseases during pregnancy (author's transl)].

Urologic diseases such as urolithiasis, anomalies of the kidney and efferent urinary tracts as well as pyelonephritis and, more rarely, tumors of kidney and urinary bladder can be the cause of surgical operations during pregnancy. Inflammation is the most frequent complication starting from the urinary tract during pregnancy. Diagnosis and therapy have to take into consideration consequences arising from these examination techniques. The special problems of treatment of malign tumors of kidney and urinary bladder, and pregnancy after transplantation and ureterobowel implantation will be reported.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[Urologic diseases in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen].

The urological diseases which alone or intercurrent with surgical and gynaecologic ailments cause most of the problems in the differential diagnosis of the acute abdomen are reviewed. The necessity of a cooperation between the urologist, surgeon and gynaecologist and the importance of intra-operative diagnosis are stressed.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1989

[Kidney failure in urologic diseases].

Among a series of 3100 patients with urologic disease, treated over a period of 7 years, chronic renal failure (CRF) had 161. In rank order CRF was most common in patients with prostate adenoma (36.02 per cent), followed by patients with renal calculosis (27.33 per cent) and renal cancer (10.56 per cent). The causes of CRF and its dynamics, depending on the underlying disease, the therapeutic approach and the principles of treatment are discussed in detail. The inferences from the experience gained at the clinic point to the need of accentuating the attention of urologists and nephrologists for early diagnosis and adequate treatment of urologic diseases, which might cause CRF. The principles of its treatment are outlined.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed2002

[Spiral CT urography and CT virtual endoscopy in detecting urological diseases].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate spiral CT urography (SCTU) and CT virtual endoscopy (CTVE) in detecting urologic diseases. METHODS: SCTU was performed in 46 patients with urological diseases including renal neoplasms (2), paropelvic cysts (2), ureteral calculi (6), ureteral stenosis (4), ureteral neoplasms (2), double kidneys and ureter malformation (1), bladder neoplasms (28) and bladder endometreosis (1). The 6 patients with ureteral diseases and 29 patients with bladder diseases underwent CTVE based on spiral CT scan. All CTVE findings were compared with those of B-mode ultrosonography, intravenous urography (IVU), retrograde pyelography (RGP), conventional CT or cystoscopy. RESULTS: All upper urinary tract diseases and bladder diseases (28 cases) were detected by SCTU and CTVE scans and they were confirmed operatively or pathologically except one case of bladder neoplasm (diameter less than 5 mm) was missed. CONCLUSION: SCTU and CTVE have proved to be non-invasive and reliable in the diagnosis of urological diseases and are superior to IVU or conventional CT. CTVE can serve as a supplementary method to fiberoptic cystoscopy or ureteroscopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Association of non-urological diseases with lower urinary tract symptoms.

OBJECTIVE: Clinical observations indicate that many non-urological diseases seem to be associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This has also been shown in studies usually concerning single diseases. This study investigated the impact of non-urological diseases on LUTS in the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A questionnaire on LUTS and medical history was mailed to all 50-, 60- and 70 year-old men in Tampere and in 11 municipalities in the same county, in total 3143 subjects. Day-time frequency, nocturia, urge, urge incontinence, hesitancy and incomplete emptying were used to form an index for LUTS. The men were asked to report any disease that they had. The number of the following diseases reported by the participants was large enough for statistical analysis: lower back pain, hypertension, arthritis, heart disease, pulmonary disease, diabetes, constipation. stroke, transient ischaemic attack, cancer (other than prostate or bladder), neurological disease, inguinal hernia, rheumatoid arthritis and faecal incontinence. The association between LUTS and non-urological diseases was estimated by logistic regression as a prevalence odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: In the multivariate analysis a significant association was found between LUTS and the following diseases: faecal incontinence (OR 4.5, CI 2 .3-9.1), neurological disease (OR 2.4, CI 1.3-4.4), constipation (OR 2.3, CI 1.5-3.3) and arthritis (OR 1.5, CI 1.2-2.0). CONCLUSIONS: According to this population-based study LUTS is an important part of the symptomatology of faecal incontinence, neurological disease, constipation and arthritis. Thus, the patients with these diseases and presenting with LUTS require careful investigation, at least in the cases in which the primary therapy of LUTS has failed.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Frequency of diabetes mellitus and nature of treatment in urologic diseases].

In a comparative period of 20 years is reported on the frequency of diabetes mellitus in urological diseases. It was found that 0.87% of the patients suffer from a concomitant diabetes. The peak of the disease is between the 60th and 70th year. As to the distribution of sex was established that the concomitant diabetes is to be found more frequently in males (ratio 2.4: 1). The lethality in diabetics with a urological disease is with 9.4% more than twice as high as in the other urological patients (4.3%). At the top of the immediate causes of death is the cardiovascular failure (30.7%), followed by the pulmonary blood clot embolism and the uraemic coma with 15.4% each. A diabetic coma never appeared. In the analysis of the urological diseases with concomitant diabetes the lithiasis (34.4%) is in the first place; then follow the adenoma of the vesical cervix (32.4%), the chronic relapsing pyelonephritis (12.9%), and the malignant tumours (7.1%). Many urological forms of diseases appeared combined. In the investigation of the complications without lethal exitus which appeared in 25.1% of all cases with concomitant diabetes the cardiovascular failure is again in the first place, then follow thrombotic diseases, urea-nitrogen disturbances. Peculiarities in conduction and treatment of the diabetes mellitus are shown and a close collaboration between several specialities is considered necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Urine polyamine in patients with malignant urological diseases using a polyamine-test enzyme kit].

Using a polyamine-test enzyme kit, the urine polyamine concentration was determined in 74 patients with malignant urological disease (12 with renal cell cancer, 13 with pelvic-ureter cancer, 24 with bladder cancer and 25 with prostate cancer), 7 patients with BPH, 20 patients with benign urological disease and 20 normal subjects. The urine polyamine level was significantly elevated in all the patients with any malignant urological disease compared to normal subjects. It was also significantly high in the patients with BPH. Defining the mean +/- 3SD (= 50 mumole/g Cr.) of 20 normal subjects as an upper limit, slightly higher levels not exceeding 100 mumol/g Cr. were frequently observed in the patients with BPH or with benign urological disease. Setting the upper limit at 100 mumole/g Cr., the positive rate amounted to 33% (low stage 17%) in renal cell cancer, 23% (low stage 14%) in pelvic ureter cancer, 13% (low stage 0%) in bladder cancer and 4% (low stage 0%) in prostate cancer. The positive rate was low especially in low stage cases.

Diamines↗
PubMed2006

Proteomics approaches to urologic diseases.

Biomarkers are greatly needed for several urologic diseases, such as interstitial cystitis, the symptomatic and clinical progression of benign prostate hyperplasia, as well as the specific detection of urologic cancers, including prostate and bladder cancer. This review aims to: briefly describe the need for biomarkers in the field and biomarkers that are currently available for clinicians; address the limitations and roadblocks to effective biomarker discovery; and provide examples and strategies for implementing biomarkers in clinical practice and/or drug discovery.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1979

[Detection of the capsule of staphylococci isolated in urological diseases].

In studying the cultures isolated from urological patients the seed material was found to yield a high proportion (40%) of coagulase-negative, white staphylococci. Capsule-forming organisms constituted 58.8% of the isolated Staphylococcus aureus. As the presence of capsules is indicative of pathogenicity of staphylococci, in urological diseases the presence of capsulary strains in urine should be taken into consideration.

Anaerobiosis↗