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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Health hazard among cash register operators and the effect of improved working conditions.

The health condition of female cash register operators in relation to their working conditions was investigated. A questionnaire study revealed that cash register operators more frequently complained of general fatigue, headache, sleeplessness, and low back pain than female office machine operators or other female workers. Dullness and pain in the shoulder, arm, hand, and fingers especially on the right side were characteristic of cash register operators. Physical examinations in 1973 showed that 31.3% of 371 cash register operators suffered from muscle rigidity or tenderness; 13 were severely afficted and, 69 operators had to be either laid off, reassigned to other jobs, or given shorter working hours. Occupational cervicobrachial disorders were suggested to have been caused by repetitive upper limb motions combined with static load, an unfavorable working environment, and mental stress. Implementation of some improvements including shorter operation time, worker rotation, and adoption of electronic registers proved effective in reducing the number of sufferers of cervicobrachial disorders found during the 1975 physical examinations. But the improvements were not effective enough to alleviate fatigue of the neck, shoulder, and back due presumably to sustaining upper limbs while operating the keyboard.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Measurement of protection factors of chemical cartridge, half-mask respirators under working conditions in a copper smelter.

The performance of three commonly used chemical cartridge respirators for SO2 was measured under working conditions in a copper smelter. An effective SO2 protection factor for each man-respirator trial was calculated as the ratio between average SO2 concentrations sampled outside the respirator mask and that simultaneously sampled from inside the mask. The in-use SO2 protection afforded by the three respirators proved to be highly variable with mean protection factors of 22, 18, and 13. The distributions of the protection factors and the effects of mask type, facial size, and mask comfort are discussed.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1976

[Social aspects of planing of the working conditions for old people (author's transl)].

For planning of work for aged workers it is necessary to take as a basis the necessity in further following a trade, the motives for continuation working also in pensioner's age, questions of adaptation at the scientific-technical progress, of the changed content of work and the work-functional structure and finally the demand for further qualification.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Health complaints and work conditions among lacquerers in the Danish furniture industry.

In the present work, morbidity rates were based upon 418 replies to postal inquiries sent to 478 members of the carpenters/cabinet makers trade union in the Arhus area of Denmark. Lacquerers, when compared with former lacquerers and non-lacquerers, have an excess of neurophysiological symptoms and symptoms from the respiratory tract. The statistical association between exposure to lacquers and lung symptoms persists after checking for differences in age, smoking habits, and exposure to dust. Organic solvents are an important component of lacquers. Far too little is yet known of solvents' long-term effects on the human body. Most of our present knowledge concerns the short-term toxic effects on the nervous system. This study further points out a relation between lung symptoms and exposure to organic solvents, and it is suggested that further research into this association must be carried out.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Effect of heart work and insulin on the incorporation of [14C]glucose into hexose phosphates, uridine diphosphate glucose and glycogen in the normal and insulin-deficient perfused rat heart under working and non-working conditions.

1. The specific radioactivities of glucose 1-phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, UDP-glucose and glycogen, derived from [14C]gluocose, were determined in the normal and insulin-deficient (streptozotocin-diabetic and anti-insulin-serum-treated) perfused non-working and working rat heart. 2. The specific radioactivities of all glucose metabolities reached a plateau after about 10 min, except that for glycogen, which increased slightly but steadily over the whole observation period of 30min. 3. The specific radio-activities of fructose 6-phosphate, UDP-glucose and glycogen were slignificantly lower in the streptozotocin-diabetic heart than in the normal heart. 4. Mechanical work in the normal rat heart increased the specific radioactivities of glucose 1-phosphate, UDP-glucose and glycogen, but had little or no effect on those of gluose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate. 5. In the normal heart insulin strongly increased the specific radioactivities of all gluocse metabolites under all conditions tested. The maximum values achieved in the normal working heart in the presence of insulin were only about 15-20% above those in the normal non-working heart in the presence of insulin for the phosphorylated intermediates and about 40% above for glycogen. 6. In the streptozotocin-diabetic heart, work restored the specific radioactivities of all glucose metabolities to about normal values. 7. In the streptozotocin-diabetic heart insulin strongly increased the specific radioactivities of the direct glycogen precursors glucose 1-phosphate and UDP-glucose; the effect of insulin on glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate was less marked. These results confirm previous findings that the primary metabolic lesion in diabetic heart muscle is a defect of glycogen synthesis. The specific radioactivity of glycogen itself was increased sixfold. 8. Under all conditions tested the specific radioactivity of glucose 1-phosphate was always found to be higher than that of glucose 6-phosphate. This indicated either compartmentation of a small but metabolically very active pool of glucose 6-phosphate, or the existence of a hitherto unknown pathway of metabolism in which glucose 1-phosphate is the primary reaction product. For a number of reasons the authors prefer the first explanation, which could also account for the observation that in the perfused normal working and non-working heart the specific radioactivity of fructose 6-phosphate was always found to be higher than that of glucose 6-phosphate. This difference disappeared or was reversed in the rat hearts rendered insulin-insufficent by either streptozotocin or anti-insulin treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Relations between working conditions and occurrence of vibration disease in forestry workers. I].

The level of mechanic vibrations intensity of 20 motor saws of the BK-3a type and 5 saws of the Partner R-11 type was determined and the evaluation of 460 motorsawers' vibration exposure--in case of working on these types of saws--was performed. The evaluation covered saws of various technical conditions, with which felling, cross-cutting and trimming of soft and hard timber were performed. The vibration measured exceeds 3--5 times Soviet hygienic normatives and ISO, especially in octave frequencies of 63 and 125 Hz. The intensity level of vibrations was significantly dependent on the technical conditions of the saw, activities performed with it and the hardness of timber. The evaluation of the woodcutters' exposure to vibration in a day, a year and the whole employment period was performed on the basis of the test-checking, the ammount of timber produced, fuel used for the saw and days of saw-work. Daily exposure to vibration was 2,4 +/- 1,2 hours and was of intermittent, irregular character. Motor-sawers worked with saws from 31 to 296 days a year, producing yearly from 973 to 10.503 m3 of timber as m3 of timber felled.

Humans↗