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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Ovarian cancer: a solid tumor with evidence of normal cellular immune function but abnormal B cell function.

Immunologic assays of B and T lymphocyte function were performed on 21 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer prior to either chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The results were compared to similar studies on 12 age-matched normal women. The total peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, proportion of E rosette positive cells, stimulation of T cells by phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A, recall skin tests, and the ability to have a primary delayed hypersensitivity response to keyhold limpet hemocyanin did not differ between patients and controls. However, patients with ovarian cancer had statistically significant reduction in surface immunoglobulin positive cells, proliferative response to pokeweed mitogen and primary antibody response to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. In contrast to results in patients with other solid tumors, these data indicate that untreated patients with ovarian cancer have evidence of normal cellular immune function but abnormal B cell function.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Augmentation of macrophage complement receptor function in vitro. I. Characterization of the cellular interactions required for the generation of a T-lymphocyte product that enhances macrophage complement receptor function.

The function of complement receptors of mouse peritoneal macrophages was converted in vitro from mediating only attachment of macrophage complement receptor function was achieved by treating freshly explanted macrophages with supernates from cultures containing T lymphocytes and appropriately triggered macrophages. Fc receptor-mediated phagocyctosis by macrophages was required for the production of active supernates, for neither ingestion via the cells' complement receptors nor ingestion via nonimmunologic means was a sufficient stimulus for the macrophages' participation in the generation of supernatant activity. Fc receptor-triggered macrophages interacted by a contact dependent, but histocompatibility independent, mechanism with T lymphocytes, thereby signalling the lymphocytes to elaborate the active product. The possible significance of enhanced macrophage complement receptor function in inflammation, host defense against microbial pathogens, immune complex disease, and neoplasia is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Clinical application of the functional matrix: mandibular reconstruction and monobloc functional therapy.

A 13-year-old black girl with an extensive ameloblastoma of the mandible required subtotal mandibular resection and immediate reconstruction with use of an autogenous, ipsilateral, corticocancellous graft from the iliac crest and monobic functional therapy. Twenty-seven months later, clinical evaluation showed normal mandibular function and no facial asymmetry. Bony architectural changes after 27 months included reformation of the coronoid process, angular process, and external oblique ridge; preservation of mandibular length and thickness; and maintenance of the alveolar ridge height. The reformation of the coronoid process suggests the importance of the functional matrix (temporalis muscle) in skeletal tissue growth. The monobloc appliance in conjunction with bone grafting is an effective means for transmission of biophysical stimuli and for maintenance of appropriate stress for remodeling of bone in the mandible.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of the somatotropic function of the pituitary gland and the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal glands in rats with alloxan diabetes].

The somatotropichormone (STH) content was studied in the hypophysis and the peripheral blood of rats with alloxan diabetes; the corticosterone content was determined in their peripheral blood. The STH content in the peripheral blood and the hypophysis of these rats failed to differ from that in the control group, but the blood STH content rose considerably in the sick animals. Exclusion of the insular apparatus function was accompanied by the adrenal gland hypertrophy, which correlated with the rise of the blood corticosterone level. The data obtained indicated that the insular apparatus insufficiency induced by alloxan was accompanied by changes in the somatotropic function of the hypophysis and of glucocorticoid function of the adrenal glands.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1979

Clinical significance of pulmonary function tests. Alterations in pulmonary function following respiratory viral infection.

Respiratory viral illness is a major cause of morbidity in both adults and children. This report focuses on both the acute and chronic effects on respiratory function of these ubiquitous infections. Infant airways are particularly vulnerable due to the relatively low conductance in immature peripheral airways. Bronchiolitis, caused predominantly by respiratory syncytial virus, is the most important of these viral illnesses and is emerging as a major risk factor for the subsequent development of obstructive airway diseases in adults, possibly by interference with normal alveolar proliferation. The basic pathogenic mechanism involved in adult respiratory viral infection is bronchial hyperreactivity, presumably secondary to epithelial damage and resultant sensitization of rapidly adapting airway receptors. In addition, there may be virus-related alterations in the autonomic and humoral regulation of airway tone. Viral infections may alter the effects of common air pollutants on respiratory function.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Grip function of the healthy hand in a standardized hand function test. A study of the Rancho Los Amigos test.

In an experimental study 30 healthy subjects performed the tests of prehensile function in the Rancho Los Amigos test. The subjects were allowed a free choice of grip instead of those prescribed when the test is used for clinical purposes. The hand-grips were filmed and registered by means of a descriptive code system and the results were subjected to automatic data processing. The results showed that healthy subjects performing the RLA test used a stereo-typed grip pattern as a consequence of the uniform purpose of the hand-grips. Comparison with the results from a standardized meal study in the same subjects showed that functional assessment of a patient with a test of this type is not directly applicable to integrated daily activities, as several of the hand-grips most frequent in daily activities were rarely used. Comparison with types of grip prescribed for clinical use of the test showed that normal subjects often did not spontaneously handle the objects in the manner intended by the test.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

Cell-free synthesis of proteins coding for mobilisation functions of ColE1 and transposition functions of Tn3.

A hybrid plasmid, pJC74, carrying the large (3.35 Md) EcoRI-PstI fragment of ColE1, the 1.3 and 1.8 Md PstI fragments of plasmid R1 drd19 (containing a part of Tn3 and known to specify transpostion functions), and a part of gamma bacteriophage DNA carrying the fused cohesive ends of gamma (cos) was constructed. Supercoiled DNA of pJC74 and a series of deletions (series pJC75) were used in a cell-free coupled transcription-translation system. Analysis of the proteins produced allowed the identification of a 28 to 30 kd protein and/or a 3 kd protein responsible for mobilisation of the plasmids in sex-factor-promoted conjugation. Furthermore, three protein bands of 12, 12.5 and 13 kd were correlated with the presence of a portion of the Tn3 transposon previously shown to code for transposition functions which can complement in trans. These latter and the 30 kd beta-lactamase were the only proteins identified as Tn3-specific by comparison of ColE1 with RSF2124.

Cell-Free System↗
PubMed2026

Spatial transcriptomics of Ciona adult brains reveals functional zonalization and insights into neural gland function.

The ascidian Ciona is a pivotal chordate model for illuminating the evolutionary origins of the vertebrate brain. Here, spatial transcriptomics of the adult Ciona neural complex, combined with image-based computational super-resolution mapping, resolved distinct tissue domains including the cerebral ganglion, neural gland, ciliated funnel, neural gland duct/dorsal strand, and body wall muscle. Within the cerebral ganglion, high-resolution mapping revealed clear molecular zonalization separating the cortex and medulla, alongside regional specialization within the cortex itself. The neural gland exhibited localized enrichment of genes associated with extracellular matrix and cell-cell interactions. These spatial features suggest that the neural gland functions as a homeostatic and signaling interface, reminiscent of primitive vertebrate meninges or choroid plexus. Overall, this spatially defined gene expression map provides a foundational framework for understanding functional regionalization in the tunicate brain and its evolutionary relationship to vertebrate nervous systems.

Ciona↗
PubMed1979

Long-term fate of lung autografts charged with providing total pulmonary function. II. Hemodynamic, functional and angiographic studies.

Four dogs underwent autotransplantation of the left lung with immediate ligation of the right pulmonary artery and survived up to five years. Mean pulmonary artery pressures increased from 15 +/- 2 mmHg preoperatively to 23 +/- 4 mmHg immediately after operation and remained at the level (24 +/- 3 mmHg) up to five years operation. Arterial and venous blood gas values, determined while the animals were breathing ambient air spontaneously under light anesthesia, did not deteriorate with time and were within the normal range. The vascular resistance of the transplanted lungs up to five years after operation were not significantly different from those determined immediately after operation and remained lower than preoperative values, indicating that transplanted lungs retain indefinitely the ability to vasodilate with increased blood flow. Periodic angiography performed from 3-5 years after operation confirmed that the right lungs received no pulmonary blood flow and revealed normal vascular morphology except for moderate dilatation of the large arteries in the transplanted left lung. Thus, single transplanted lungs can provide total respiratory function while carrying the entire pulmonary blood flow at tolerable arterial pressures for at least five years without evidence of functional deterioration.

Angiography↗
PubMed1979

Dissimulation function in some functional psychoses.

Dissimulation function as estimated by means of Lie-Scale scores can be used as a pointer towards the impaired self-appraising ability of the individuals in relation to others. Sixty non-psychiatric normal persons and 133 psychiatric cases, representing two major psychotic groups, were investigated for the dissimulation function. The results show a significant difference between the two groups of normal and abnormal individuals, the abnormal group dissimulating distinctively more than the other. However, this impaired self-appraising ability does not seem to relate to the chronicity of the illness but only partly with the typology of illness.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Pestivirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) structure and function: elements in the 5' untranslated region important for IRES function.

The importance of certain structural features of the 5' untranslated region of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) RNA for the function of the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) was investigated by mutagenesis followed by in vitro transcription and translation. Deletions made from the 5' end of the CSFV genome sequence showed that the IRES boundary was close to nucleotide 65: thus, the IRES includes the whole of domain II but no sequences upstream of this domain. Deletions which invaded domain II even to a small extent reduced activity to about 20% that of the full-length structure, and this 20% residual activity persisted with more extensive deletions until the whole of domain II had been removed and the deletions invaded the pseudoknot, whereupon IRES activity fell to zero. The importance of both stems of the pseudoknot was verified by making mutations in both sides of each stem; this severely reduced IRES activity, but the compensating mutations which restored base pairing caused almost full IRES function to be regained. The importance of the length of the loop linking the two stems of the pseudoknot was demonstrated by the finding that a reduction in length from the wild-type AUAAAAUU to AUU almost completely abrogated IRES activity. Random A-->U substitutions in the wild-type sequence showed that IRES activity was fairly proportional to the number of A residues retained in this pseudoknot loop, with a preference for clustered neighboring A residues rather than dispersed As. Finally, it was found that the sequence of the highly conserved domain IIIa loop is, rather surprisingly, not important for the maintenance of full IRES activity, although amputation of the entire domain IIIa stem and loop was highly debilitating. These results are interpreted in the light of recent models, derived from cryo-electron microscopy, of the interaction of the closely related hepatitis C virus IRES with 40S ribosomal subunits.

5' Untranslated Regions↗
PubMed1979

A study of the Stiles-Crawford (S-C) function at 35 degrees in the temporal field and the stability of the foveal S-C function peak over time.

Directional sensitivity of the retina (the Stiles-Crawford function of the first kind) was measured at a point 35 degrees from fixation and at the point of fixation. Three normal observers were used. The peripheral test point intercepted the retina between the optic nerve head and the ora serrata. At both test points, photopic and scotopic (one subject) Stiles-Crawford function peaks were contained within the pupillary bound and approximated the center of the pupil. Directionality at the two points was rather similar. These findings add strength to the argument that retinal receptors align approximately with the center of the exit pupil of the eye. Evidence for stability in Stiles-Crawford peak location in time is also presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[The Cerebral Function Monitor. Description, functioning and interpretation principles].

The Monitor of Cerebral Function enables continuous monitoring of the cerebral electrical activity and this over long periods due to the slow recording speeds. The cerebral electrical signals picked up by the electrodes attached to the scalp are registered in the form of a curve which fluctuates to a greater or lesser extent depending on the recording speed. The examination of the height of the curve with respect to zero and its amplitude indicates the voltage of the cerebral activity and yields information regarding polymorphism. It is thus possible to monitor variations in cerebral activity over a prolonged period during anaesthesia as well as during the revival phase with the Monitor of Cerebral Function, the electroencephalogram being reserved as an aid to precise diagnosis and for localization and close scruting of the anomalies.

Brain↗
PubMed1975

Carrier and hapten functions in immune deviation. I. Contrary effects of hapten and carrier on cellular and helper functions of T cells.

Carrier and hapten functions have been studied in the immune deviation phenomenon. Delayed hypersensitivity to the carrier and anaphylaxis and Arthus hypersensitivities to the hapten and to the carrier were studied in guinea-pigs injected intravenously with large doses of carrier, homologous and heterologous hapten-carrier conjugates and subsequently immunized with the hapten-carrier conjugate in Freund's complete adjuvant. Pretreatment with DNP-BSA or with HGG were found to modify, in opposite directions, the hypersensitivity reactions induced by DNP-HGG in adjuvant. It is suggested that the hapten and carrier moieties of the antigen molecule might have antagonistic effects on the T cells responsible for cellular immunity as well as on T cells involved in helper functions for B cells.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed2026

Effects of permissive hypercapnia on intraoperative cerebral oxygenation and early postoperative cognitive function in older patients with fragile brain function during the non-acute phase undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Older adults with non-acute fragile brain function (NFBF) may be particularly susceptible to perioperative disturbances in cerebral oxygenation and postoperative neurocognitive decline. Permissive hypercapnia (PHC) may enhance cerebral oxygenation, but its effects in this population remain unclear. We examined whether PHC-based ventilation improves intraoperative regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) and early postoperative cognitive outcomes in older patients with NFBF undergoing elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery. METHODS: In this single-center, single-blind randomized trial, 76 patients were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to PHC-based or conventional ventilation. The primary outcome was the absolute change in rSO2 from baseline (T0) to the end of surgery (T4). Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle, with prespecified per-protocol sensitivity analysis. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative rSO2 trajectories, cerebral oxygen extraction-related indices, early postoperative cognitive screening, serum neuron-specific enolase and interleukin-6, and safety outcomes. RESULTS: PHC significantly increased rSO2 relative to conventional ventilation (left: adjusted mean difference [aMD] 10.64, 95% CI 8.96-12.33; right: aMD 10.16, 95% CI 8.22-12.11; both P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), with consistent sensitivity results. Repeated-measures analyses showed persistently higher intraoperative rSO2 in the PHC group. Cerebral oxygen extraction-related indices were generally lower with PHC. However, early postoperative cognitive outcomes and serum biomarkers did not differ between groups. Emergence time was modestly longer with PHC, whereas adverse events were comparable. CONCLUSIONS: PHC-based ventilation favorably modified intraoperative cerebral oxygenation and oxygen-extraction profiles but did not translate into detectable early postoperative cognitive or biomarker benefits in older adults with NFBF.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Morphological and functional evaluation criteria of hepatobiliary functional scintigraphy with 99mTc-diethyl-IDA in hepatocellular jaundice].

In 31 patients with histologically proven hepatocellular jaundice hepatobiliary scintigraphy with Tc-99m labelled IDA derivatives was performed. Results were classified under morphological (demonstration of liver parenchyma, ductus choledochus, bile ducts, gallbladder, kidney) and functional (Tmax, half time of bile excretion, appearance of activity in ductus choledochus, gallbladder, and intestines) criteria. The liver parenchyma could be demonstrated in 90.3% of cases, ductus choledochus in 71%, and the gallbladder in 72.4%. The type of tracer excretion into the intestines showed 9.5% activity accumulation in the gallbladder with late bile excretion into the intestines and 90.5% early activity excretion into the duodenum with late filling of the gallbladder. The intrahepatic bile ducts were demonstrated in 22.6% (left hepatic duct) and 6.5% (right hepatic duct). In 35.5% of cases the kidneys were still visible after 15 min p.i. All cases showed - sometimes delayed - bile excretion into the GI tract. The time of appearance of activity in ductus choledochus (18.4 min) and gallbladder (39.5 min) was delayed. The liver histogram showed likewise delayed values concerning Tmax (14.3 min) and half life of tracer excretion (greater than 30 min) when compared to controls. The differentiation of hepatocellular jaundice from obstructive jaundice is possible by the demonstration of bile excretion into the intestines, normal width of the bile ducts, and filling of the gallbladder.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Ontogeny of B lymphocyte function. VI. Ontogeny of thymus cell capacity to facilitate the functional maturation of B lymphocytes.

The differentiation of the B cell population from fetal mice to produce a normal, adult-like, heterogeneous reponse, with respect to antibody affinity, has been shown to require (or to be facilitated by) thymus cells. The maturation of the thymus cell population to be capable of facilitating this differentiation of the B cell population was studied. It was found that the thymus cell population acquires the capacity fo facilitate (or induce) this maturation of the B cell population between seven and ten days after birth. Thus, the normal maturation of the B cell population to give a response which is heterogeneous with respect to affinity, appears to be controlled by the maturation of thymus function.

Animals↗