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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Emergency management of acute congestive glaucoma using an anterior chamber microsyringe and needle.

A microsyringe-needle assembly is described for use in aspiration and microinfusion procedures in the anterior chamber. Assets of a lancet pointed 30-gauge needle, surface anesthesia, and fine control of ocular pressure and aqueous humor volume are stressed. Use of the assembly for emergency treatment of acute congestive glaucoma, surgical paracentesis, aqueous sampling, and drug infusion are described. Drug volumes and concentrations must be maintained at levels which do not damage corneal endothelium.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Narrow-needle cholangiography.

Recent modification of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography has resulted in success rates of 100% in opacifying obstructed biliary systems and of 50% in unobstructed systems. The authors use a 23-gauge needle with a 2- or 5-ml syringe for injecting contrast medium at high pressure. Only one puncture of the liver surface is usually required. Complications have not occurred in unobstructed cases, but early operation is still recommended in obstructed cases.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1979

New fine needle for cholangiography with optional sheath for decompression.

A 45-cm Chiba needle with a 20-cm sheath at the hub end has been used successfully for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography in 10 patients, including chronic decompression in one patient. This method permits localization of the biliary tree, vascular structures, cysts, cavities, pelvocalyceal system, and tumors with a 22 gauge needle and allows placement of a larger catheter for drainage or a larger needle for biopsy if required. No complications were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A systematic error in the determination of blood PCO2.

An analysis was made of the effect of sodium heparin solution on the determination of arterial blood PCO2, pH, and bicarbonate. Dilution of blood by heparin solution did not affect the pH of blood samples significantly but reduced the measured PCO2 and th calculated bicarbonate and base excess in direct proportion to the amount of dilution. Used in the usual quantities as an anticoagulant, lubricant, and filler of needle and syringe dead space, heparin solution caused a 17 per cent or greater reduction in PCO2 and bicarbonate in approximately 17 per cent of the arterial blood samples currently received for analysis in a university hospital laboratory. Such unrecognized errors could cause misinterpretations of acid-base status. Completely filling the sampling syringe with blood and using a small-gauge needle will reduce the error.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1977

Management of persistent filtering cicatrix following cataract extraction.

We used a safe and simple surgical technique in the management of persistent filtering cicatrices after cataract extraction. The edematous, friable filtering cicatrix was excised entirely and a healthy fornix-based conjunctival flap was sutured over the fistula. Invariably, the fistula was very small, usually only large enough to admit a 27-gauge needle. Of the 27 eyes treated with this technique, there were two failures, but no other complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Comparative value of aspiration cytology in the diagnostic evaluation of breast masses.

For 38 consecutive patients presenting with breast masses we compared accuracy of diagnosis, before biopsy, of the techniques of clinical examination, bilateral xeromammography, and aspiration cytology with a 10-cc syringe and a 22-gauge needle. Of the 38 patients, nine had carcinoma and 29 had benign breast disease. The overall diagnostic accuracy showed a perfect correlation between aspiration cytology and subsequent biopsy for carcinoma in this group. Clinical impression made the correct diagnosis in 89.5% of the cases and bilateral xeromammography produced the correct diagnosis in 84.9%. Both clinical impression and mammography were incorrect in diagnosing 33.3% of the malignancies. The technique of cytologic aspiration is a simple, accurate, and effective adjunct to the early diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of the breast, and this should become a part of the initial evaluation of the patient who presents with a breast mass.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Removal of preretinal blood during vitrectomy.

To remove preretinal blood from the posterior pole, balanced salt solution is irrigated into the eye through a 21-gauge needle. The needle previously used for infusion is used as a port of exit. I have treated seven patients with this method without harmful effects.

Blood↗
PubMed1977

A modified stent for decompression of cysts.

Presented is a simple method for decompression of a cyst with the use of a modified stent. The patient is instructed in methods of removal, insertion, and irrigation by means of a blunt No. 16 gauge needle. Periodic follow-up radiographic examinations permit reduction in tube length as the defect "fills in".

Bone Cysts↗
PubMed1978

Neonatal circumcision and penile dorsal nerve block--a painless procedure.

Circumcision is the only surgical procedure, excluding cord-clamping and cutting, which is routinely performed on normal, healthy newborn infants, usually during the first two or three days of life. Apparently no analgesic technique has been described nor suggested in association with neonatal circumcision. This is the first description of a technique of penile dorsal nerve block in neonatal circumcision. In 52 instances using 0.5 ml of 1% lidocaine (Xylocaine) and a 1.2 cm number 27 gauge needle PDNB was successfully and safely introduced with consistent elimination of pain, rendering NC a painless surgical procedure.

Circumcision, Male↗
PubMed1977

Priapism as a sequela of chlorpromazine therapy.

A patient developed priapism following a single intramuscular injection of chlorpromazine for hiccups. Conservative management was unsuccessful. During surgical intervention on the 15th hospital day, the corpora cavernosa of the turgid penis was irrigated and aspirated with heparinized saline using No14 gauge needles. The patient did well postoperatively. The physiology of the erection and the pathophysiology of priapism are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Peritoneal lavage with low morbidity.

Peritoneal lavage has proven to be a useful tool for evaluating abdominal trauma. However, morbidity levels associated with the technique have inhibited its wide acceptance. A technique has been developed that avoids the complications associated with use of a standard dialysis trocar or a mini-laparotomy. The technique uses an 18 gauge needle, a wire guide with soft tip and a number 9 French Teflon catheter. The test can be completed in 20 to 30 minutes and has been done in as little as seven minutes. This technique has been used by 51 different physicians in 132 cases with a single avoidable complication which occurred when one of the contraindications was violated.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1979

Prevention of diazepam-induced thrombophlebitis with cremophor as a solvent.

In 104 patients undergoing anaesthesia of short duration, two different solvents, propylene glycol and cremophor, were compared in a double-blind trial. Diazepam 10 mg in a coded solution was injected into a superficial vein of the hand using a small-gauge needle. The vein was examined after 14 days. The frequency of thrombophlebitis with propylene glycol was 62.2% and with cremophor 3.4% (P less than 0.001). The frequency of pain on injection was also in favour of the new solvent (P less than 0.001). The possibility of anaphylactic reactions accredited to cremophor, however, restricts the use of the new injection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Intraturbinal steroid injection: indications, results, and complications.

Intraturbinal injection of steroid can yield rapid relief of nasal obstruction caused by severe allergic or vasomotor rhinitis, rhinitis medicamentosa, or acutely enlarged nasal polyps. This modality is not meant to replace the traditional means of therapy for these diseases. Despite previous reports of visual loss after intraturbinal steroid, thousands of such injections have been given with no such disastrous complications. The technic should include preliminary topical cocainization of the nasal mucosa, slow injection using a small gauge needle, and steps to allay apprehension and prevent a "needle reaction." In a retrospective study comparing intraturbinal triamcinolone with intramuscular betamethasone, the intraturbinal steroid was judged much more effective. Side effects reported after intranasal steroid were minor in nature. No visual complications have occurred in this series.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1978

The acute effects of nicotine, tobacco smoke and carbon monoxide on myocardial oxygen tension in the anaesthetized cat.

1 The acute effects of nicotine, tobacco smoke, and carbon monoxide on myocardial oxygen tension (MPo(2)) were estimated amperometrically in 33 anaesthetized open-chest cats with a glass-insulated 25 mum platinum cathode within a 22-gauge needle implanted in the left ventricular wall.2 MPo(2) was 1.6-60 mmHg (mean 23.5 mmHg) when arterial Po(2) was >80 mmHg. Sequential intravenous infusions of nicotine (2-3 mug/kg every 45 s) or intracheal puffs (3-5 ml) of tobacco smoke commonly produced transitory increases (25-35 mmHg) of arterial pressure and 4-6 mmHg increments of MPo(2). Intratracheal puffs (5 ml) of 5% carbon monoxide sufficient to increase carboxyhaemoglobin from 0.8 to 1.5% to 4-7% had no effect on arterial Po(2) or blood pressure but typically decreased MPo(2) by approximately 1-4 mmHg. Augmentation of MPo(2) often succeeded carbon monoxide administration.3 Arterial hypoxia (arterial Po(2) < 60 mmHg) reduced mean MPo(2) to 14.4 mmHg but anoxic levels were not observed. Pressor responses to nicotine and tobacco smoke were accompanied by small increases (usually 1-3 mmHg) of MPo(2). Puffs of 5% carbon monoxide had less effect than during normoxia. Locations of low MPo(2) (<10 mmHg) were unaffected as carboxyhaemoglobin was raised to 7-11% during hypoxaemia.4 It is concluded that nicotine and tobacco smoke cause augmentation of myocardial oxygen supply, even during moderate hypoxaemia. By contrast, smoking dosages of carbon monoxide have the potential of producing a small reduction of MPo(2) during normoxia, but the effect is negligible during moderate hypoxaemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Surface chemistry characteristics of human umbilical vein used as chronic canine arteriovenous fistulas.

Six bilateral loop arteriovenous fistulas from the femoral artery to the femoral vein were constructed in dogs using Dacron-mesh-coated human umbilical vein. Each graft was punctured twice weekly with a 16 gauge needle for up to 36 weeks, and biopsies were done every four to eight weeks. The long-term patency was 83% at 24 weeks. There was no thrombosis from the needle puncture. Serial histologic examination revealed progressive transmural fibrous cell ingrowth and progressive neointimal cell formation. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated areas of disrupted basement membrane covered with laminar fibrin meshes, probably representing sites of needle puncture. With multiple attenuated internal reflection spectroscopy of the graft lumens, minimal to moderate lipid deposition was observed to a depth of 1 micrometer at 32-36 weeks. No abnormal amounts of minerals were found within the graft walls with energy-dispersive x-ray analysis. Critical surface tensions remained within the biocompatible range of 20-30 dynes/cm. Human umbilical vein possesses many of the surface chemistry qualities of an ideal vascular prosthesis, has excellent long term patency, and is suitable for use where angioaccess with repeated needle puncture is needed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The chamber-scarification test for irritancy.

A procedure has been designed (the chamber-scarification test), which possesses greatly increased sensitivity for assessing the irritancy of topically applied materials. A forearm test site is criss-cross scarified by drawing a 30-gauge needle over the skin with just enough pressure to cleave the epidermis without drawing blood. The test agent is applied in an aluminum chamber once daily for 3 days. The advantages of the method over conventional patch testing are: enhanced capacity to measure mild irritants, reduced time (3 days versus 10 to 21 days), less effort, less cost, less discomfort for the volunteers and greater reproducibility.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1976

A clinical catheter for continuous blood gas measurement by mass spectrometry.

A new Teflon catheter for continuous in vivo measurement of blood gases by mass spectrometry has an outer diameter of 0.032 in. and can be inserted through percutaneous puncture with an 18-gauge needle. Response time (63% of a total change) is 40 s for oxygen and 65 s for carbon dioxide. When calibrated in analyzed gas at 37 degrees C, the catheter-mass spectrometer system has been shown to analyze tonometered blood with an error of 1.6% for oxygen and 1.9% for carbon dioxide. Temperature dependence is 2.0% per degrees C for oxygen and 1.6% per degrees C for carbon dioxide. The catheter was thrombo-resistant during in vivo use in seven dogs and measurements compared favorably with results of blood sample analyses by standard hospital methods. Compared with previous devices, the new catheter provides size and convenience, advantages that make it more applicable for routine clinical use.

Animals↗