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PubMed1990

Identification of the pylorus from the intraluminal pH profile. Validation of the method by comparing it with transpyloric potential difference and pressure profile.

In contrast to the steady low intragastric pH, the pH in the proximal duodenum shows wide, rapid, and frequent fluctuations. This change in pH pattern may be used to localize the pylorus and thereby ensure reproducible measurements of duodenal pH at a known and reproducible distance from the pylorus. To validate this method of localizing the pylorus, simultaneous measurements were performed of the transpyloric pH and potential difference (PD) profile and of the pH and pressure profile in 10 normal subjects. pH-metry and PD-metry localized the pylorus within the same 1.5 cm in 82% of 104 5-min periods, and pH-metry and manometry localized the pylorus within the same 5 cm in 72% of 77 10-min periods. This agreement and accuracy seem satisfactory for most studies of intraluminal pH in the duodenum and make reliable long-term ambulatory recording of duodenal pH possible without serial roentgenogram controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Hormone profile and follicle development in ovarian stimulation treatment for in vitro fertilization. 1. FSH and LH profiles].

144 patients were treated by 5 different stimulation protocols in the IVF-program of the University Women's Hospital Rostock (Clomiphene/HCG, Clomiphene/Anthrogon/HCG, Pergonal/HCG, Anthrogon/HCG, Folistiman/HCG). In 172 cycles FSH and LH were measured in serum during the follicular phase by RIA. The results were compared between the treatment groups and a group of normal women by Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney's nonparametric test. Moreover, in each group the number of follicles visible by laparoscopy and number of punctured follicles were estimated. The maturation of collected oocytes were judged by a maturation index. Modus of action and FSH/LH-ratio of used drugs have been shown to influence serum levels of FSH. Every stimulation protocol was characterized by typical profiles of hormones. Especially, immunoreactive levels of FSH were related to development of follicles. Different biological action of various stimulation regimes was demonstrated by a shortage of follicular phase from 13,4 days in the Clomiphene group to 11,0 days in the Folistiman group, an increase of laparoscopically visible follicles from 4,0 to 13,2 and a rise of collected oocytes from 1,6 to 7,3 per laparoscopy. Quality of oocytes has been shown to be related significantly to the modus of stimulation. Anthrogon-protocol was the most effective stimulation regime according to profile of gonadotropins, the number of follicles and the structure of harvested population of oocytes. However, even in this group co-dominant development of follicle was not achieved. Application of pure FSH and an earlier start of stimulation treatment are possibilities for improvements of results in IVF by stimulation.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of the differential DNA melting profiles with the CsCl density profiles of DNA from Escherichia coli, cow, mouse, rat and chicken.

Moderate resolution thermal denaturation profiles are presented for the purified DNAs from Escherichia coli, cow, mouse, rat and chicken. All show multiple thermal transitions indicative of large blocks of DNA with very similar base composition. The eucaryotes all have much more of this kind of DNA than does E. coli. The satellite DNAs of cow and mouse are clearly visible and it is likely that the other transitions represent additional families of repeated DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Estimation of impurity profiles of drugs and related materials. Part VIII: Combined application of high-performance liquid chromatography and NMR spectroscopy in the impurity profiling of drugs.

The usefulness of the joint application of HPLC and NMR spectroscopy in drug impurity profiling is demonstrated by the following examples: (1) identification of Z and E isomers of 17 alpha-ethynyl-4-oestrene-3 beta, 17-diol-3-acetate-17-(3'-acetoxy-2'-butenoate) in ethynodiol diacetate; (2) identification of the p-tolyl analogue as the impurity of enalapril maleate; (3) identification and quantification of 2'-dehydro-pipecuronium bromide in pipecuronium bromide. The possibilities of utilizing NMR spectroscopy for the identification and quantification of the impurities with and without their isolation are discussed.

Androstane-3,17-diol↗
PubMed1975

[The relationship between age and the cerebrospinal fluid protein profile profile of normal children. Cellulose acetate and agarose gel electrophoretic studies].

Neuropädiatrie 6: 383--397 (1975). CSF samples of 63 normal children 2 days to 14 years of age were concentrated (ultrafiltration in "Kollodiumhülsen") and examined by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate and agarose gel. In the CSF of all children 7 protein fractions were found by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Analysing the pherograms by the means of an analog computer 15 fractions could be separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Compared with the children of school age the newborn showed low prealbumin, beta1-globulin and tau-globulin fractions besides high albumin and gamma-globulin concentrations owing to an increased permeability of the blood-CSF barrier. During the following weeks a low prealbumin and a high albumin fraction still was found. Children from 3 month to 2 years of age showed a moderate increase of the relative prealbumin and beta1-globulin concentration in comparison with older children. The gamma-globulin fraction was lowest beyond the third month of life and increased again in the group of the 2--14 years old children. The variation of the protein profile with age could not only be demonstrated by the more difficult agarose gel electrophoresis but also by a simple technique of cellulose acetate electrophoresis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Urine profiles and kidney histology following intravenous diatrizoate and iohexol in the degeneration phase of gentamicin nephropathy in rats. Effects on urine and serum profiles.

Urine chemical profiles were followed for three or nine days after intravenous injection of diatrizoate, iohexol, or saline in 30 rats, where a tubulointerstitial nephropathy was induced by gentamicin given over an eight-day period. Another ten rats injected with saline served as controls. Compared to injection of saline, both iohexol and diatrizoate induced dysfunction. The excretion of the cytoplasmic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase was significantly greater following iohexol than following diatrizoate. No significant differences between the two media were shown by the various serum components examined. Among the gentamicin-treated rats, light microscopy showed prolonged occurrence of tubular necrosis and a more intensive round cell infiltration following iohexol than following diatrizoate and saline. Both contrast media induced further temporary renal dysfunction in rats with gentamicin nephropathy; iohexol induced more morphologic changes than diatrizoate.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

PREVENT 1, a nationwide Swedish infant cohort for longitudinal gut microbiome profiling and early-life health outcomes: cohort profile.

PURPOSE: PREVENT 1 is a nationwide, prospective Swedish infant cohort established to characterise gut microbiome development during the first 2 years of life and to relate microbial trajectories to feeding, infections, growth and everyday well-being. The study integrates repeated infant stool sampling with shotgun metagenomics analysis with aligned parental questionnaires, stool photographs and infant cry recordings collected at three approximately 3-month intervals for each infant. PARTICIPANTS: Families were recruited nationwide in Sweden from September 2023 through targeted digital channels. Eligible participants were term-born infants residing in Sweden and aged <1 year at enrolment. Baseline questionnaire data and stool samples were collected from 253 infants. Parents completed questionnaires covering socio-demographic characteristics and health, pregnancy and delivery, postnatal factors, infant environment, feeding and growth, infections and other health outcomes, gastrointestinal symptoms and everyday well-being. FINDINGS TO DATE: Retention was high, with 248 families completing at least one follow-up questionnaire at Phase 2 and 243 at Phase 3. For stool samples, 250 infants provided at least two samples and 241 provided all three. At enrolment, 42.3% of infants were older than 7 months, 73.9% had weight-for-length z-scores in the normal range and exclusive breastfeeding at 4&#x2009;months was reported for 58.9%. FUTURE PLANS: Three-phase sample and questionnaire data collection was completed in December 2024. Future analyses will examine microbiome features, resistome profiles and functional pathways in relation to antibiotic exposure, feeding, growth and infant health outcomes. Subject to ethical approval and participant consent, follow-up may include further stool collection and Swedish register linkage. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06285630.

Female↗
PubMed1978

[Profiles in chronic diseases. I. Investigations of steroid profiles in uremia (author's transl)].

Steroid profiles of hemofiltrates of uremic patients contain as main steroids the sulfates of 11beta-hydroxyetiocholanolone, 11-ketoetiocholanolone, 11beta-hydroxyandrosterone and 11-ketoandrosterone. In blood of uremic patients androstenediol is the main steroid of the sulfate fraction, while in blood of healthy persons dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is the main steroid. The gradual decrease of the kidney function is characterized by an increase of 11-oxigenated androstane conjugates in urine.

Androstenediols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spanish adaptation of the Life Skills Profile. Profile of activities of daily living. Structure and factorial composition].

The Spanish version of LSP (Life Skills Profile) including translation and its factorial structure are reported. Its has 39 items and it attempts to measure the chronic mental patient functioning in situations and tasks of everyday life. Factor analysis of this Spanish version has yield five subscales, that although they differ slightly from those proposed by the original authors, they hold strong clinical sense and also show considerable value as indicators of rehabilitative strategies.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of the reliability, validity and internal consistency of the LSP scale (Life Skills Profile). Profile of activities of daily living].

The LSP scale (Life Skills profile) has been recently translated and adapted into Spanish language. Its has 39 items and attempts to measure the chronic mental patient functioning in situations and tasks of everyday life. It is brief, jargon free, capable of completion by family members, community housing managers as well as professional staff. Reliability, concurrent validity and internal consistency of this Spanish version are reported. The good performance of LSP in all this measurements give support to its use in research and clinical settings.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patient classification based on cytologic sample profiles. I. Basic measures for profile construction.

Past efforts in the field of automated cell recognition have focused upon the separation and classification of cell types. From these efforts, large data banks have been built and work in the field is now shifting towards the practical application of this information for clinical diagnoses. This paper presents the initial results of work on a system developed to undertake the reduction of the masses of data into diagnostically useful patient cytologic sample profiles.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetic profile of metaclazepam (Talis), a new 1.4-benzodiazepine. Influence of different dosage regimens on the pharmacokinetic profile of metaclazepam and its main metabolite under steady-state conditions.

The pharmacokinetic parameters of the new 1.4-benzodiazepine metaclazepam (Talis) were investigated. In particular, the question of whether the drug and/or its main metabolite accumulates in the body under steady-state conditions was studied. Two dosage regimens were compared by a randomized two-way crossover design: a once-a-day dosing (15 mg metaclazepam in the evening, = A) versus a twice-a-day dosing (5 mg in the morning plus 10 mg in the evening, = B) over ten days in twelve healthy male volunteers. Plasma levels of metaclazepam and its major biotransformation product, N-desmethylmetaclazepam, were determined. Comparing the treatments, significant differences were found for Cmax, but not for AUC-3 and Tmax. These results are also valid for the comparison of days 1 and 10 of each treatment. Higher Cmax values for dosage regimen A were found but Tmax and Cl/F remained stable in both treatments taking into account that 12 hours after the first medication, another dosing took place in treatment B. Eight hours after application, plasma levels were markedly low, Cmax values after single-dosing were nearly twice as high as after multiple dosing. Therefore based on these pharmacokinetic findings, a second dosing seems to be necessary; the clinical relevance needs further investigation. It has been reported, in fact, that it is in general very difficult to demonstrate a correlation between blood levels and therapeutic effects for 1.4-benzodiazepines (1,2).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ecotoxicological profile of xylenes. Working Party on Ecotoxicological Profiles of Chemicals.

The xylenes (o, m, p), which are produced in large amounts and widely used, must be considered as environmental contaminants, as they have been identified in the atmosphere of many countries. Their acute and chronic toxicity in mammals is moderate. Mutagenic and teratogenic properties can be excluded. Carcinogenic potential has been at present inadequately studied. In man some disturbances are evident at the concentration of 45 ppm. Hepatic metabolism is a valid process of detoxification and its high rate limits the risk of accumulation of the xylenes in adipose tissue. Ecotoxicological data refer almost exclusively to water. No long-term tests have been made. However, the high volatility, elevated elimination, and the low factor of accumulation suggest the impact on aquatic environment should be limited. Xylenes are easily biodegraded by many microorganisms. Photoxydation is one of the main degradation processes, responsible for the disappearance of the xylenes from the atmosphere.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Profile of pO2. I. Profile of transretinal pO2 in hypoxia].

Transretinal PO2 measurements during systemic hypoxia, made during variations of the PO2 by steps of 10 mmHg between 120 and 30 mmHg, have shown that the PO2 values measured at the inner-retina up to half the thickness of the retina remained stable. On the other hand, those measured at the choroid and at the outer-retina decreased in a linear manner according to the variations of PaO2. These results suggest a regulation in the retinal blood flow, allowing the PO2 to remain stable for the different steps of hypoxia studied. On the other hand, the values measured at the choroid and at the outer-retina showed the absence of regulation in the choroidal blood flow during hypoxia. Systemic hypoxia may affect the metabolism of the photoreceptors and the pigmentary epithelium.

Animals↗