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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The social implications of population displacement and resettlement: an overview with a focus on the Arab Middle East.

"Recent decades have witnessed a global increase in the collective displacement of populations as a result of natural disasters, wars and development projects. The social implications of displacement, and its corollary process of resettlement, are explored in this article, with a focus on the Arab world....[The author suggests that] an approach which emphasizes the relation between the causes and consequences of displacement, examines cases in their historical contexts, and selects the appropriate unit of analysis is essential in developing an adequate framework of analysis."

Demography↗
PubMed1997

Cataract related blindness in India & its social implications.

The prevalence of blindness in India is 14.9 per 1000. Eighty per cent of this blindness is due to cataract alone. Most of the cataract blinds in the country are in the rural areas while the surgical service delivery network is concentrated in the urban areas. Thus a large proportion of patients in the rural areas continue to remain blind. This situation has many social implications. There is loss of productivity, breakdown of interpersonal relationships, depressive manifestations, loss of self esteem and most patients lead an isolated humiliating life. Patients lack information on the available services and continue to remain blind for years even after being diagnosed as operable. This is unfortunate because cataract surgery is one of the most cost effective health interventions known and most operated patients, irrespective of the surgical technique, are immensely satisfied with the level of visual rehabilitation after surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Facial plastic surgery for persons with Down syndrome: research findings and their professional and social implications.

The literature on the effectiveness of facial surgery for persons with Down syndrome was reviewed. Research based on impressions of involved persons (e.g., parents and doctors) generally provided evidence for the surgery's effectiveness. However, studies that used before-after research designs, control groups, indirect measures, and ratings of less involved persons were less supportive of the operation's positive effects. Certain of these studies indicated that the operation failed to achieve its goals. Furthermore, in evaluations of the operation, investigators generally did not critically examine the assumptions upon which the operation is based and the professional and social implications of facial surgery for persons with Down syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Fetal surgery: the social implications of medical and surgical treatment of the unborn child.

Advances in microsurgery provide physicians with the opportunity to correct malformations of the fetus prior to birth. However, these techniques are being developed at a time when the legal status of the unborn is unclear and the rights of pregnant women to determine the nature of their care are not universally recognized. This paper examines some of the social implications of medical and surgical treatment of the fetus. In attempting to clarify the rights of pregnant women in relationship to the rights of the fetus, the authors examine the law related to abortion and the protection of the fetus after it has achieved viability. Ambiguities in the legal interpretations of viability, coupled with societal ambivalence over the rights of women have resulted in confusion. Several cases have been reported in which the courts overrode an otherwise competent woman's refusal of surgery in the interest of the unborn fetus. Thus, legal precedent exists for the judicial suspension of the rights of pregnant women to consent or refuse medical or surgical treatment. This trend in the law may reflect more conservative values regarding the rights of women. At the same time, the benefits to the fetus remains unexamined outside of a medical frame of reference.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1999

Screening workers for genetic hypersusceptibility: potential ethical, legal, and social implications from the Human Genome Project.

One of the potential outcomes of the Human Genome Project will be the ability to identify individuals who are at increased risk of adverse health effects following exposure to hazardous substances in the workplace because of genetic hypersusceptibility. The ability to identify such individuals is likely to lead to the inclusion of genetic screening in worker protection programs. This technology and its applications will have a number of potential ethical, legal, and social implications. In this commentary, the authors examine five broad topics relating to the use of screening for genetic hypersusceptibility in the workplace: (1) issues of risk; (2) the rationale and legal basis for screening; (3) the privacy concerns of workers; (4) the confidentiality of test results; and (5) potential discrimination. The authors close by suggesting some guidelines for developing policies regarding genetic screening.

Bioethics↗
PubMed1998

[Women and AIDS: profile of an infected population and its social implications].

This study aimed to identify the profile of women with AIDS from a Health Service located in São Paulo City, from October to December, 1995. The data obtained from medical charts allowed to characterize the profile in terms of age, school degree, marital status, occupation, exposed category and mean survival time. Besides, it was possible to know the number of children--sons and daughters of those women--that might be real or potential AIDS' orphans, an important social problem involving the phenomena. Authors discuss the women's particularities in the process of the disease and the social implications related to the spread of the infection in this group.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Social implications of multiple pathology.

The degree of multiple pathology in 184 consecutive patients admitted to a geriatric unit was recorded using the 13 commonest conditions present at the time of admission to provide a standard group of disorders for comparison. All of the conditions were chronic in nature, and 35% of the patients had a combination of four or more of these present. Multiple pathology was associated with poor prognosis in terms of mortality and the need for long-term institutional care. Families, including those who were elderly, continued to support most of the frail elderly people even in the presence of multiple pathology. This emphasizes the social implications of multiple pathology and the need for support and information in the management of long-term disability.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Social implications of the "dyscontrol syndrome" (neuropsychiatric correlates).

The recent literature contains numerous publications which have tried to stimulate a new and biologically oriented approach to the problem of violence. Experimental brain research indicates that biologically important predatory and aggression responses have multiple representations in the nervous system. However, knowledge gained so far concerning emotional brain function in violent persons with brain disease, or from experimental research, can only infrequently be applied to combat the violence-triggering mechanisms in the brains of the non-diseased. In the hope of determining the neurological basis of aggression, the present author studied the brains of forty-two patients whose clinical history indicated definite aggressive behaviour. Results are reported and discussed. It is also the aim of this paper to discuss the social implications of the surgical treatment of patients with a "dyscontrol syndrome" whose investigations do not reveal definite evidence of "hard" signs and symptoms of brain pathology.

Aggression↗
PubMed1999

Economic and social implications of aging in Singapore.

The economic and social impacts of population aging in Singapore are examined, particularly their impact on labor supply and the extent to which traditional family and community care providers can meet the challenges of an aged population. The adequacy of public policy responses, such as the new employment policy and the Central Provider Fund, are explored. Government strategy to shift the burden of care to the family and other community providers is challenged.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Federalism and social justice: implications for social work.

Federalism is a system of government that divides power between two or more levels of government. During the current conservative political climate in the United States, power has shifted increasingly from the federal government to states, a move that has implications for the achievement of social justice. Consequently, it is now necessary for social workers to engage in political activity at the state and local levels, in addition to the federal level, to promote social justice. Implications for social work policy practice, research, and education for advancing social justice within the federal system of government are explored.

Consumer Advocacy↗
PubMed1978

Stigmatization of carrier status: social implications of heterozygote genetic screening programs.

Possible latent psychological and social consequences ensuing from genetic screening programs need to be investigated during the planning phase of national genetic screening programs. The relatively few studies which have been performed to determine psychological, social, and economic consequences resulting from a genetic screening program are reviewed. Stigmatization of carrier-status, having major psychosocial implications in heterozygote genetic screening programs, is discussed and related to Erving Goffman's work in the area of stigmatization. Questions are raised regarding the relationship between such variables as religiosity and sex of the individual and acceptance of the status of newly identified carrier of a mutant gene. Severity of the deleterious gene and visibility of the carrier status are two important factors to consider in an estimation of potential stigma. Specific implications are discussed for four genetic diseases: Tay-Sachs, Sickle-Cell Anemia, Huntington's disease and Hemophilia.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1995

The Human Genome Project: ethical and social implications.

This article explores some of the potential moral and social ramifications of the Human Genome Project. Research on the human genome is generating important ethical and social questions of at least three distinct kinds. First, what genetic information should be generated, and who should control its dissemination and use? Improved diagnostic techniques such as presymptomatic testing, carrier screening, and prenatal screening can provide information that poses significant ethical problems for individuals, employers and insurance companies, and the medical and counseling professions. Second, what genetic procedures should be employed? The burgeoning ability to manipulate human genotypes and phenotypes through procedures such as gene therapy and enzyme therapy are leading to difficult questions about which manipulations should be permitted and which should be prohibited. Third, how will this new information change lives? Increasing claims about the relationship of genetics to ethically and politically significant traits and behaviors are challenging human self-understanding and the capacity of social institutions to respond adequately.

Behavior↗
PubMed2006

Strength and safety in numbers: considering the social implications of regulatory focus.

The present article examines how individual and situational differences in individuals' regulatory focus on nurturance and gain (promotion) and on security and safety (prevention) may have significant, and distinct, social and interpersonal implications. We first review recent research examining how significant others affect goal pursuit and how individual differences in regulatory focus may moderate the various behavioral, evaluative, and experiential manifestations of social identification. We then consider how regulatory focus moderates the way in which people "size up" their social world in terms of the efficiency in which they identify and appraise motivationally relevant aspects of their social environment. Finally, we explore how regulatory focus moderates people's deliberate and automatic reactions to the beliefs, expectations, behavior, and emotions of other individuals and social groups.

Ego↗
PubMed1994

Stroke rehabilitation. 4. Psychologic and social implications.

This self-directed learning module highlights important psychologic and social considerations in stroke rehabilitation. Part of the chapter on stroke rehabilitation in the Self-Directed Medical Knowledge Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation, this article contains sections on psychologic and social consequences of stroke, the effect of stroke on family and caregivers, reintegration and vocational strategies after stroke, and sexual compensation in the stroke survivor. New advances in cultural aspects of stroke rehabilitation are also presented.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Developments in cognitive socialization: implications for deaf education.

Over the past 2 to 3 decades, the cognitive socialization literature has advanced about 40 major issues that could have a major impact on the principles and procedures of deaf education. The article presents a conceptual model of the cognitive social bases of language that is derived from the philosophical view of constructionism and theoretical perspectives of speech act theory and relevance theory. With the cognitive socialization perspective and this conceptual model, 4 of the 40 issues are discussed: (a) the centrality of intent replacing reinforcement as a more viable account of language acquisition, (b) modality and core issues of language, (c) lack of construct validity in assessment, and (d) heterogeneity. Implications for the advancement of deaf education are discussed throughout.

Cognition↗