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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Functional results after reconstruction of severed flexor tendons by means of free flexor tendon grafts].

From 93 free flexor tendon grafts which have been performed in the years 1959--1976 because of flexor tendon laceration 85% could be reinvestigated after 6 years 10 months (average intervall). Three reinvestigation schemes for classification of the functional results were used (VERDAN/MICHON 1961, McKENZIE 1967, BUCK-GRAMCKO 1976). This had the advantage that marked differences in the classification schemes could be demonstrated. With 56% of very good and 22% of good results according to the classification of McKENZIE or 30% of very good and 26% of good results according to the classification of BUCK-GRAMCKO the results of free flexor tendon graft in the area of the thumb are significantly better than those in the fingers. In addition the relationship between the objective reinvestigation results of the operation and the subjective results appraised by the patients is demonstrated and shows that BUCK-GRAMCKO's classification comes closest to the patients evaluation.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Deformity of the foot following anterior transfer of the posterior tibial tendon and lengthening of the Achilles tendon for spastic equinovarus.

Twenty-four children with spastic equinovarus deformity due to cerebral palsy were treated by anterior transfer of the posterior tibial tendon and Achilles tendon lengthening. In five patients, the operation was performed on both sides, making a total of 29 feet available for evaluation after an average follow-up of five years. Only 38 per cent of the results were graded "good" or "satisfactory." Sixty-two per cent were rated as "poor" because of valgus, calcaneus or equinus deformity severe enough to require re-operation. The post-operative deformity was generally evident one or more years after surgery, often progressive, and more disabling as well as more difficult to correct than the original condition. Although the percentage of acceptable results was considerably higher for hemiplegic patients than for others in the study, we conclude that in this group and in all other categories of spastic patients anterior transfer of the posterior tibial tendon should not be performed.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1979

Phosphopeptides and gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing peptides in calcified turkey tendon: their absence in uncalcified tendon.

Uncalcified samples of turkey tendon obtained prior to calcification, and other samples from areas of tendon that never calcify, contain little or no O-phosphoserine [Ser(P)], O-phosphothreonine [Thr(P)] and gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla). Significant amounts of all three of these Ca2+-binding amino acids, which are found in EDTA-extractable, non-collagenous proteins, are detected coincident with the onset of mineralization of a tendon and increase in concentration as mineralization proceeds.

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
PubMed1979

Vascular anatomy of flexor tendons. I. Vincular system and blood supply of the profundus tendon in the digital sheath.

The detailed blood supply of the flexor tendons in the digital canal was studied in 35 fresh human hands by means of an India ink-latex vascular injection technique. The specimens were examined by first exposing the pulley system, followed by examination of the intact tendon which had been rendered transparent by immersion in a solution of tributyl and tricresyl phosphate. Five annular and three cruciform pulleys were shown. There were five types of long vincula to the profundus (VLP) and three types of long vincula to the superficialis (VLS). The vincular systems of index and little fingers were symmetrical. Occasionally, neither the VLP nor the VLS was found in either the long or the ring fingers. The vincula received blood supply from four transverse branches of the digital arteries. A volar avascular area of the profundus tendon was seen in the cleared cross-sections, and the cross-over zone of its intrinsic vessels was found to be at the midproximal phalanx.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Results of animal experiments on alloplastic tendon replacements using the Bader tendon prosthesis].

Based on our experimental results with the Bader tendon prosthesis, encouraging results for alloplastic tendon replacement were obtained. However a general recommendation for its clinical use cannot be given. Over a period of 4-6 weeks of immobilization healing of the artificial tendon with inflammation could be observed. In the biopsies we found the equivalent of connective tissue attachment between vital tissue and the alloplastic material. We could not clarify whether this connection would endure strain. The pronounced adhesions between the anstomosis and surrounding tissue make later function questionable.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Structure and configuration of human tendons. II. Development of tendon structure during ontogenesis].

In infants born in the 24th--30th weeks of the gravidity the praenatal development and the process of the organization of the tendinous structure have been examined by the authors. By means of photo- and polarization microscopic examinations it was found that the tendon of the flexor hand muscles (M. flexor carpi radialis, M. flexor digitorum comm.) shows mature tendinous structure earlier, than the tendons of the flexor muscles of the lower extremity (M. semitendinosus femoris, M. triceps surae). The tendons of the extensor muscles of the lower extremity (M. quadriceps femoris, M. tibialis ant.) are underdeveloped and inordinate in the foetal life--their structure develops only during the postnatal life.

Hand↗
PubMed1979

[Quantitative measurement of the tendon reflexes. A study on Achilles tendon reflex (author's transl)].

Quantitative analyses of tendon reflexes were performed for the purpose of clinical application. Tendon tap was marked with a WNS-5D semiconductor load cell inserted in the hammer to measure tapping force. Achilles tendon reflex (ATR) was measured with a LAS-0.1 displacement transducer in kneeling position on the chair. In ATR, six factors, i.e. duration of reaction time, the height of the wave, the time from the hammer tap to the top of the wave, the maximum speed of contraction, the time from the hammer tap to the maximum speed and half relaxation time, were analyzed. Correlation between these six factors were discussed. From the analyses of these factors, half relaxation time may serve as the best indicator of clinical status among the factors obtained by analysis of ATR.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1978

Achilles tendon injury. II. Structure of tenotomized rabbit crural muscles after primary and delayed tendon suture.

This investigation was designed to study the long-term effects of surgical treatment, as recommended and followed in clinical practice, on the fine structure of rabbit crural muscles after Achilles tenotomy. Two main results were made: (A) Even after 12 weeks of mobilization a number of morphological changes were found, especially in the soleus muscles. These abnormalities were similar to those found in human soleus muscles after surgically treated Achilles tendon rupture. (B) There were a large number of small heavily stained (for myofibrillar ATPase at pH 9.4) fibres in the experimental soleus muscles, such that the normal ratio of fibre types was reversed. This was apparent if tendon suture had been performed after a delay of 3 weeks. The results suggested that as a consequence of the de- and regenerative events, induced by immobilization or tenotomy plus immobilization, a number of new fibres had been formed. Some of these were so short that they were out of reach of nerve terminals and remained non-innervated. Furthermore, from the point of view of clinical practice, the extensive long-term effects of suture delay make themselves manifest not until at least a delay of one week.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1976

Gliding function following flexor-tendon injury. A biomechanical study of rat tendon function.

Gliding function of flexor tendons one hour to eight weeks after a standard injury was studied in rat digits by determining terminal force of flexion, tendon excursion, and work of flexion using a tensile testing machine. A rapid decrease in gliding occurred within hours of injury, indicating that the postoperative hematoma and edema restrict gliding long before collagenous adhesions are synthesized. The improvement in gliding function with time implies that fibrous adhesions can be remodeled. Surgical methods and therapeutic agents, therefore, should be directed toward limiting early tissue injury and seeking ways to enhance the late remodeling of fibrous peritendinous adhesions along functional lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Ultrastructural changes in human skeletal muscles following tendon and nerve injuries. I. Ultrastructural changes following tendon injuries].

During reconstructive procedures performed 4-16 weeks after the tendon lesion the specimens obtained from the injured muscle have been examined by the authors. It was found that after the tendon injury inactivity atrophy develops and a condition of equilibrium could be observed at this time. The most important changes in the fine structure were seen in the contractile elements: these were atrophied, homogenized, fragmentated and ragged independently from the functional unities. The number of the mitochondria was considerably decreased, the sarcoplasmic reticulum was increased, and the difference between the originally red and white muscular fibres was indistinct. The glycogen content of the musculature was decreased, or it disappeared completely. No pathologic changes have been observed in the sarcolemma, the cell nuclei and the motor nerve end-organs.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Repair of flexor tendons by intratendinous tendon suture.

In a three year period, severed flexor tendons in the fingers and palm of 50 patients were repaired using an intratendinous suture method. The majority were secondary repairs, and 21 of 50 were in children less than 15 years of age. Results were satisfactory, with 79% being rated as good or excellent. The technique apparently causes little disturbance in the circulation, and if adhesions develop, they are limited and good results can be expected from tenolysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Determination of muscle-tendon unit properties during tendon transfer.

Data on passive lengthening and active shortening from electrical stimulation to give a total functional excursion are presented. Length-tension characteristics of certain muscles used for transfer are given. Electrical stimulation of the newly transferred tendon gives useful information that is reproducible. This new knowledge obtained at operation is an important adjunct to the traditional techniques and provides helpful information in performing better procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Chronic tenosynovitis of the extensor tendons and tendon sheaths of the carpal region in the horse.

Seven cases of chronic tenosynovitis affecting the extensor carpi radialis or lateral digital extensor tendon and their sheaths are described. All cases were chronic and in 4 of the cases previous treatment by drainage and local corticosteroid injection had been ineffective. Surgical exploration of 6 cases demonstrated a distinct lesion and specific surgical treatment was carried out.

Animals↗