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PubMed1976

[Effect of tricyclic antidepressive agents on hemodynamics and plasms norepinephrine level in man during rest and exertion].

The effects of i.v. injected antidepressants Imipramine (Tofranil, Geigy) and Dimetacrine (Istonil, Siegfried) on cardiavascular functions were investigated in 18 patients at diagnostic cardiac catheterization. 4 patients were additionally studied during ergometric exercise before and 45 min. after application of both thymoleptica. Determinations of noradrenaline plasma concentrations were carried out in 8 patients. The results show of 25 mg (= 22,1 mg free base) Imipramine or 33.5 mg (= 21.4 mg free base) Dimetacrine did not induce significant changes in heart rate and cardiac index. 2. Already 15 min. after application of both drugs a clear increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEP) was observed. Maximal increase in LVEP - in mean, 26% after Imipramine (p less than 0.0005) and 40% after Dimetacrine (p less than 0.05) - was reached 30-45 min, after injection. 3. A simultaneous increase in mean systemic arterial pressure was related to a marked increase in noradrenaline plasma concentration in all 8 investigated patients. 4. After application of tricyclic antidepressant a larger increase in pulmonary arterial enddiastolic pressure was observed during ergometric exercise.

Acridines↗
PubMed1992

[Criteria for selection of first choice antidepressive agents].

Specific inhibitors of the re-uptake of serotonin provide more adequate criteria for the selection of antidepressants of first choice, as compared with classical tricyclic antidepressants. These criteria comprise a specific therapeutic effect (e.g. influence on suicidal thoughts and action), a wider area of indications, serotonergic side-effects and relative safety of overdosage.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Monoaminergic receptors and hypotheses of the mechanisms of action of 2nd generation antidepressive agents].

The inhibition of the serotonin and/or noradrenalin reuptake is often given as the mechanism of action of antidepressants. This may be true but it's certainly wrong! The diversity of chemical structure and pharmacological profiles of second generation antidepressants shows that the biochemical property that is the most often found is the inhibition of the uptake of 5-HT and/or NA. The difference of the kinetics between the inhibition of the monoamine reuptake and the antidepressant effect is only one of the reasons to believe that the real mechanism of their antidepressant action is elsewhere. The different hypotheses that have been proposed will be examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Neurochemical and neuropharmacological investigations into the mechanisms of action of bupropion . HCl--a new atypical antidepressant agent.

In the present study, bupropion has been shown to be effective in several behavioral models predictive of antidepressant activity suggesting that it should be an effective antidepressant in man. Furthermore, the data also show that the antidepressant activity of the drug cannot be due to its ability to inhibit MAO present in brain or to increase the release of biogenic amines from nerve endings. It also appears unlikely that the weak properties of the drug as an inhibitor of catecholaminergic pumps in brain csn explain its antidepressant activity. However, the weak but selective block of dopaminergic pumps observed in vivo can be correlated with the mild CNS stimulant properties observed in rodents. Bupropion, failed to desensitize beta-adrenergic receptors in rat cerebral cortex in chronic studies and exhibited equivocal results in acute studies. These neurochemical properties of bupropion serve to distinguish it from typical antidepressants of the MAOI and tricyclic classes and suggest that it should be classified as an atypical antidepressant, whose mechanism of action must still be elucidated.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1994

[Antidepressive agents of recent generation].

In the last decade, progress in psychopharmacology had led to the synthesis of newer antidepressant compounds. Known as "new generation antidepressants", they belong either to classical families of anti-depressants (tricyclics or MAOIs) or to new pharmacological groups. The first ones differ from classical tricyclics or classical MAOIs for the absence of major contraindications for their use (mostly few or no anticholinergic properties for new tricyclics and no dietary restriction rules for new MAOIs). The nontricyclics-non MAOIs antidepressants are, for most of them, particularly well tolerated and safe. The clinical potency of such compounds seems to reach conditions beyond depressive states and they have indeed some specific effects in obsessive-compulsive disorders or other anxiety disorders. In this group, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem to represent a major progress in antidepressive therapy. All these advantages invite now the practitioners to use these "new generation antidepressants" as the first choice medication, when treating uncomplicated depressive disorders.

Antidepressive Agents↗