PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Blood Component Transfusion”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Paediatric transfusion.

The requirements of children undergoing transfusion should be considered as a distinct entity from those of adults. Neonates are particularly vulnerable and there have been concerns over infective or toxic risks to this group. Neonates may also have more acute side-effects as a result of their small blood volume. Most children who are transfused will have a good life expectancy, so long-term side-effects will be more significant than for adults. In Britain, there are a number of transfusion components with neonatal specifications, but there appears to be some confusion, among both medical and laboratory staff, as to the appropriate use of these. Although there are many paediatric guidelines on the use of blood, there is a lack of evidence underlying these. However, there are trends to decreased blood usage in neonates and ongoing studies to investigate the appropriate use of blood for children.

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMed2004

Platelet transfusions during coronary artery bypass graft surgery are associated with serious adverse outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Platelet (PLT) transfusions are administered in cardiac surgery to prevent or treat bleeding, despite appreciation of the risks of blood component transfusion. The current analysis investigates the hypothesis that PLT transfusion is associated with adverse outcomes associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Data originally collected during double-blind placebo-controlled phase III trials for licensure of Trasylol (aprotinin injection) were retrospectively analyzed. Adverse outcome data of patients (n = 1720) that received, and did not receive, perioperative PLT transfusion were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of perioperative adverse events with PLT transfusion. Propensity scoring analysis was used to verify results of the logistic regression. RESULTS: Patients receiving PLTs were more likely to have prolonged hospital stays, longer surgeries, more bleeding, re-operation for bleeding, and more RBC transfusions, and less likely to have full-dose aprotinin administration. Adverse events were statistically more frequent in patients that received one or more PLT transfusion. Logistic regression analysis showed that PLT transfusion was associated with infection, vasopressor use, respiratory medication use, stroke, and death. Propensity scoring analysis confirmed the risk of PLT transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: PLT transfusion in the perioperative period of CABG was associated with increased risk for serious adverse events. PLT transfusion may be a surrogate marker for sicker patients and have no causal role in the outcomes observed. However, a direct contribution to outcomes remains possible.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Detection of a healthy carrier of HCV with no evidence of antibodies for over four years.

BACKGROUND: Posttransfusion HCV has been notably reduced over recent years as a result of the systematic testing for antibodies to HCV in blood donors. However, the risk of transfusing blood-derived components from virus-carrying donors still remains. A diagnosis is reported here of HCV in a regular blood donor who had no antibodies during the entire time she was followed up. CASE REPORT: The pharmaceutical company responsible for fractioning the plasma detected a donor who was a carrier of HCV, confirmed by PCR, but whose tests to detect anti-HCV were systematically negative. The donor had given blood on five previous occasions, from which 14 components were manufactured. Of the 11 components traced, six had been transfused, and in the two cases in which study of the anti-HCV was possible in the recipients, the result was positive. It was possible to check the blood samples from the donor from May 1997 to March 2002 (58 months). The tests to detect anti-HCV were all negative, while the PCR and core antigen tests were positive. CONCLUSION: The incorporation of RNA detection or HCV core antigen techniques in blood banks may reduce the residual risk of contracting posttransfusion HCV. Measures such as the correct traceability of the components, the existence of a specimen bank, or follow up of the recipients of blood-derived components would help to improve the quality of blood banking with percentage of survivability and case investigations.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1995

Bacterial contamination of single-donor blood components.

An analysis was performed of the microbiological laboratory quality control data for the past 9 years (1985-1993). Bacterial contamination was detected in 100 of 25,171 tested blood components. Single-donor platelet concentrates had a contamination incidence of 25 in 5889 (0.42%); whole blood samples were contaminated at a rate of 1 in 2973 (0.03%) and red cell concentrates at a rate of 73 in 15,317 (0.48%); of 992 samples of fresh frozen plasma only 1 was contaminated (0.1%). Gram-positive staphylococci comprised 75% of cases and Gram-negative rods 10%. This frequency of laboratory-detected bacterial contamination contrasts with the low rate of transfusion-associated septicaemic events.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed2001

[Prevention and therapy of hemostatic disorders in massive transfusion].

Adequate periop. analysis of hemostasis taking into account also disorders of primary hemostasis considerably contributes to prevention, early detection and appropriate treatment of hemostatic disturbances. Standard transfusion protocols are advisable in massive transfusion with respect to logistic problems. We describe an effective standard protocol based on the initial administration of blood components (red cells, plasma, platelets) in a certain fixed ratio which then is adapted according to the laboratory test results and the clinical situation of the patient. In addition, as soon as the hemostasis shows critical values, coagulation factor concentrates (prothrombin complex, fibrinogen, seldom single coagulation factors) are administered. Furthermore, desmopressin and antifibrinolytics can be successfully used in disorders of primary hemostasis, and additionally antifibrinolytics in hyperfibrinolysis or unclear diffuse bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Leukocyte-depleted platelets prepared from pooled buffy coat post-transfusion increment and "in vitro bleeding time" using the Thrombostat 4000/2.

A technique for preparation of platelet concentrate (PC) from pooled buffy coat (BC) is described in this study. The yield of platelets from 4 BCs was 310+/-48x10 9 per unit with a leukocyte content of 21+/-20x10 6 per unit. When a leukocyte removing filter was interconnected, Sepacell 5N and Pall PL-50 filters, no leukocytes could be found in 56 of 59 and in 36 of 37 PCs, with a maximum content of 2.3 and 0.54x10 6 leukocytes per PC, respectively. The platelet yield was 276+/-37 and 279+/-54x10 9 per unit, respectively. The in vitro bleeding time (IVBT), using the Thrombostat 4000/2, corresponded with the corrected count increment in most of 11 thrombocytopenic patients receiving platelet transfusions. However, in two transfusions no correction of IVBT was obtained. This technique offers a new possibility to investigate the functional capacity of transfused platelets.

Bleeding Time↗
PubMed1998

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized granulocyte concentrate transfusions.

Granulocyte transfusion therapy has been used infrequently in the last 10 to 15 years, in large part because its efficacy in the treatment of infected neutropenic patients has not been impressive. This perceived lack of efficacy has been attributed primarily to the fact that the dose of granulocytes obtainable with standard leukapheresis techniques has been inadequate. With the availability of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to stimulate neutrophilia in normal donors and increase the number of granulocytes that can be collected, there is now renewed interest in this form of transfusion therapy. Recent studies have shown that stimulation with G-CSF, with or without corticosteroids, is well tolerated by normal donors and that granulocyte yields are increased three- to four-fold. Blood neutrophil counts in patients receiving these large cell doses rise substantially, often to normal or near normal levels, and commonly remain elevated for 24 hours or more. In vitro and in vivo measurements have shown that the functional capabilities of granulocytes collected from G-CSF stimulated donors appear to be normal. Although early reports have been encouraging, the clinical efficacy of this new level of granulocyte transfusion therapy has been yet to be determined.

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMed2004

The French Haemovigilance System: organization and results for 2003.

In 1993 by law, in France, haemovigilance became a national system of surveillance and alert, from blood collection to the follow-up of the recipients, gathering and analysing all adverse events of blood transfusion in order to prevent their recurrences. In 2003, 2911 incidents with strong imputability have been specially analysed, among them seven confirmed cases of bacterial contamination, 137 incorrect blood components transfused with 12 cases of ABO incompatibility, 15 adverse reactions diagnosed as TRALI and 12 deaths. The analysis of information provided by haemovigilance has led to the implementation of new guidelines.

Blood Banks↗
PubMed2004

Fresh blood product manufacture, issue, and use: a chain of diminishing returns?

The available pool of potential blood donors continues to decrease. There are blood component losses all along the chain of production from the recruitment of the donor, attendance and bleeding of the donor, production process, storage of the inventory in the blood center, storage in the hospital or laboratory, selection, and transfusion of the recipient. There is a requirement and potential to improve product availability by better recruitment strategies, production methods, inventory management, and recipient selection. All of these areas of transfusion medicine have been investigated, and some data and options for improving donor/donation utilization are available in the literature. There are also some developing strategies that have the potential to have a positive influence on the availability of blood components. They include the use of blood components that have often been regarded as expensive. Further studies are required to determine if products such as leukoreduced red cells and platelets, unrefrigerated or fresh whole blood, and some recombinant products can conserve large numbers of other components or reduce hospital costs.

Blood Banks↗
PubMed1991

[The need for thorough infection screening in donors of autologous blood].

To avoid the risk of diseases transmitted by homologous blood, predeposited autologous blood is useful for elective surgical patients. World-wide, there is disagreement over whether complete donor testing should or should not be done on autologous collections. There are a variety of testing concerns which have evolved into reasons for testing all autologous units for the presence of infections disease markers. One of the reasons is the risk of giving the wrong (untested) blood to the wrong patient and transmitting HIV (and thus AIDS) or viral hepatitis. Another stated concern is the risk of creating additional problems in the laboratory by treating some units differently than other units. The argument continues that without this testing, blood bank and hospital personnel may be unnecessarily exposed to blood that has the potential to cause illness. Another justification for testing is given when the blood bank participates in crossover (transfusing blood to recipients other than the autologous donor/patient).

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMed1997

[Blood components: indication and notice of transfusion].

The total number of blood donors in 1996 was 6 millions, and the number of 200 ml whole blood donors was 2.16 million(35.7%), whereas the numbers of 400 ml and apheresis donors were 2.66 million(44.1%), and 1.22 million(20.2%) respectively. From the donated blood, about 18.78 million units(1u: equivalent to 200 ml WB derived) of blood components were prepared and used for blood transfusion. Currently, whole blood is separated and prepared into MAP red cell concentrates and FFP, and all platelet concentrates are prepared from apheresis donations. In 1996, MAP red cell concentrates occupied 30.5% of all blood supply for transfusion, whereas FFP occupied 27.7% and PC occupied 40.2%.

Blood Component Removal↗