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At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Mononuclear phagocyte adherence in the presence of laminin. A possible marker of cellular differentiation.

The effect of laminin on the vitro adhesive behavior of mononuclear phagocytes was investigated. Laminin significantly inhibited the adhesion of guinea pig, mouse, and rat alveolar or peritoneal macrophages and of human peripheral blood monocytes. Adhesion of these cells was unaffected by similar concentrations of fibronectin. Experiments performed with monocytes maintained in culture showed that the degree of laminin-mediated inhibition of adherence was dependent on the state of differentiation of the cells: the less mature the monocytes, the greater the degree of inhibition. Laminin also reduced the attachment capacity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes isolated from human peripheral blood. These results suggest a possible role for laminin in the regulation of the passage of cells across the basement membrane during inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Identification of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins in human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, MEG-01, and their alteration during cellular differentiation.

Various heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) are possible to have important functions in hematopoietic cells. However, there has been no information regarding their expression in magakaryoblasts and/or megakaryocytes. In the present study, protein contents of seven G protein alpha subunits (Gs alpha, Gi2 alpha, Gi3 alpha, Gz alpha, G11 alpha, Gq alpha and G12 alpha) and beta subunit in a human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, MEG-01, were analyzed by immunoblotting. Immature MEG-01 cells expressed the alpha subunits of Gs, Gi2, Gi3, Gz, G11 and G12 at protein molecule level. During the 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced differentiation process, the contents of Gi2 alpha and Gi3 alpha increased, whereas the protein levels of Gz alpha, Gs alpha, G11 alpha and G12 alpha were observed to hardly change. beta subunit was also observed to be present in immature MEG-01 cells and to increase continuously throughout the differentiation process. For the expression of Gi2 alpha and beta subunits, chronic TPA-treatment was required although Rac2, a low M(r) GTP-binding protein, was expressed abundantly by only 30 min-TPA-treatment followed by 3 day-culture.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1987

Ultrastructural morphology and cellular differentiation in acinic cell carcinoma.

Acinic cell carcinomas, in some instances, contain a component of intercalated duct cells. However, the manner in which this element is integrated within the more obvious acinar cells, as well as the role neoplastic intercalated duct cells play in determining morphologic patterns in acinic cell tumors, has not been fully investigated. Ultrastructural study and immunostaining with antibodies to cytokeratins and to S-100 protein carried out in nine cases of parotid acinic cell carcinoma suggest two basic differentiation patterns. In three cases, the lesions were essentially composed of acinar cells (with variation in the number and form of secretory granules), and one of these tumors was unique in having ultrastructural evidence of differentiated myoepithelial cells. In the second group of six cases, there was light microscopic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical evidence of a significant component of intercalated duct cells. By means of both immunostaining (intercalated ducts were positive for keratin and S-100 protein; acinar cells were negative for both antigens) and electron microscopy, flattened-to-cuboidal intercalated duct cells were noted to enclose and, presumably, to be involved in the formation of microcystic spaces. Acinic cell carcinomas with a more solid growth pattern contained groups of intercalated duct cells positive for keratin and S-100 protein. Ultrastructurally, these cells were organized into well-formed ducts related to nests of acinar cells. Acinic cell carcinoma is another class of salivary gland tumor in which there can be an integrated proliferation of intercalated duct and acinar cells and, infrequently, of myoepithelial cells, all organized in a simulation of the intercalated duct-acinar unit of the normal salivary gland.

Carcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential cellular reactivity to adult worm antigens of patients with different clinical forms of schistosomiasis mansoni.

Analysis of the proliferation in vitro of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in individuals infected with Schistosoma mansoni and showing different clinical forms of the disease, as well as normal putatively immune individuals from an endemic area, was undertaken using total and fractionated soluble adult worm antigens (SWAP). A higher frequency of detectable response to fractionated antigens in T cell Western blot assays was observed in individuals with the more severe forms of the disease. Analysis of variance showed that, in the Western blot assays, there was a statistically significant difference in the level of cellular proliferation to antigens with low molecular weight (less than 21 kDa) between hepatosplenic patients and those with intestinal and hepatointestinal forms of the disease. No correlation between cellular proliferation and IFN-gamma production was observed. Most of the normal individuals from an endemic area failed to show significant proliferative responses to SWAP T cell Western blot assays or to antigen immobilized on nitrocellulose; they did show significant proliferative responses to whole soluble SWAP with positive IFN-gamma production. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that variations in the cellular immune responses to SWAP influence both the development of pathology and resistance to infection in schistosomiasis mansoni.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Development and cellular differentiation of an insect telotrophic ovary (Rhodnius prolixus).

Differentiation events accompanying the larval-adult ovarian transformation in Rhodnius prolixus can be divided into three phases: proliferative phase (unfed to 3 days post-feed or DPF), early differentiation phase (9-15 DPF) and late differentiation phase (16 DPF to moult at 21 DPF). Ovarioles remain morphologically larval until feeding initiates development. The unfed ovariole contains germ cells surrounding a central trophic core region with the 'germarial lumen' occupying the basal region of the tropharium immediately above the pre-follicular tissue. Mitosis of germ cells during the proliferative phase results in a progressive increase in tropharial size with no differentiation of tissues. Regional specialization within the ovariole marks the beginning of the early differentiation phase. A zone of oocytes is established at the base of the tropharium with nuclei containing synaptonemal complexes and condensing chromosomes. Nurse cell differentiation is characterized by nucleolar elaboration and nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, the cytoplasm becoming rich in ribosomes. Autoradiographic results suggest that functional nurse cell-oocyte divergence occurs concurrently with morphological divergence. Pre-follicular tissue is divided into apical and basal zones with apical zone differentiation occurring during early and late differentiation phases.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cerebellar medulloblastomas: a study of 35 cases with particular reference to cellular differentiation.

A series of 35 cerebellar medulloblastomas was studied using light microscopy and immunohistochemistry for localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein, an antigen specific for neuroglia. Most medulloblastomas occurred in children less than 15 years of age (77.1%), especially in the first decade of life (65.7%), with the peak incidence (40.0%) between 6 and 10 years. The rest were found in adults beyond 15 years of age (22.9%). The male to female ratio was 4:3. Ependymal differentiation was observed in 100% of medulloblastomas, astrocytic differentiation in 88.6%, oligodendroglial differentiation in 34.3%, glioblastomatous differentiation in 8.9%, and neuronal differentiation in 8.9%. These data suggest that medulloblastoma is a primitive (stem cell) neuroepithelial neoplasm with the capacity of differentiating along both neuroglial and neuronal directions. Excessive mucin production was encountered in one medulloblastoma. Leptomeningeal invasion occurred in 34.3% of medulloblastomas and endothelial hyperplasia in 28.6%. One medulloblastoma (2.9%) spread postoperatively to several bones.

Adolescent↗