SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “DACRYOCYSTITIS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources

PubMed1980

[Pharmakokinetic and clinical studies with azlocillin in paediatrics (author's transl)].

Azlocillin, an acylureido penicillin with bactericidal activity, is particularly effective against Pseudomonas, enterococci and Haemophilus influenzae. It is also very active against E. coli, various Proteus species and Bacteroides. Pharmacokinetic studies were carried out in 138 children of various ages (prematures, newborns, infants, schoolchildren) after administering 50-75-100 mg/kg/ body weight azlocillin via the i.v. or i.m. routes; The constant of elimination and the distribution volumes were calculated besides the serum levels. In prematures and newborns, therapeutically effective serum levels were obtained on administering 50 or 100 mg/kg body weight twice daily. Infants and older children required 100 or 75 mg/kg body weight t.i.d. Determination of azlocillin in the bronchial secretion after i.v. doses of 75 mg/kg body weight showed good elimination. Azlocillin was always identified up to the 5th hour post injectionem. Inspite of parenteral administration, azlocillin was identified in different concentrations in the meconium as well. 39 children were treated with azlocillin, 35 of whom had Pseudomonas infection. Very good results were obtained in infections of the urinary tract, wound infections, conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis and in one case of meningitis. Bronchopulmonary diseases did not take an equally good course, but in these cases the conditions had not been favourable. No serious side effects were revealed by testing several laboratory parameters.

Azlocillin↗

PubMed1987

[Paraffin granuloma of the lower lid].

A young man developed a solid tumor of the lower eyelid, which histological studies showed to be a paraffinoma. Two years before the first manifestation a dacryocystitis had been treated by probing and injection of antibiotic ointment into the lacrimal drainage system. Since paraffin is a constituent of most ointments, the possibility of a granulomatous reaction should be considered if the ointment containing paraffin is introduced into the subcutaneous tissue.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Necrotizing pseudomonas infection of the eyelids and lacrimal ducts with orbital involvement in a newborn infant].

A newborn boy presented with severe, bilateral, necrotic blepharitis and dacryocystitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The possible etiology of this infection would be a transient neutropenia and a chemical blepharoconjunctivitis caused by Credé's prophylaxis. The relentless course of the necrosis could only be stopped by maximum-dose topical and systemic antibiotic therapy; the visual function of the right eye, however, was lost owing to a keratititis e lagophthalmo.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1984

[Echographic diagnosis in diseases of the efferent tear ducts].

We report the results of our echographic examinations of 250 patients with diseases of the lacrimal drainage system. First, normal A- and B-scan pictures are presented. Then the echographic criteria of malformations (persistence of the valve of Hasner, dacryocystocele), dacryocystitis and its complications (fistula, membrane-formation, stenosis) are discussed. The possibility of pre- and postoperative controls with echography is stressed. Tumors of the lacrimal sac can also easily be detected.

Cysts↗

PubMed2003

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lacrimal sac.

The clinical and histopathological findings in a 40-year-old man with a lacrimal sac tumor are reported. Although the clinical history indicated a lacrimal sac obstruction and recurrent dacryocystitis, the lesion was diagnosed by light microscopy as a squamous cell carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Symptomatic lacrimal duct diverticulum associated with closed nasal fracture.

Diverticula of the nasolacrimal collecting system are rare. Their cause may be congenital, inflammatory, or traumatic. A diverticulum of the nasolacrimal duct that presented 26 years after nasal trauma is described. The location of this diverticulum is extremely uncommon, and a case occurring after closed nasal trauma has not yet been presented. Evaluative studies and pertinent anatomy are reviewed. In any patient with recurrent dacryocystitis after nasal fracture, the diagnosis of a lacrimal system diverticulum should be considered. A detailed history and physical examination combined with dacryocystography can be confirmatory. Treatment should consist of surgical exploration with a nasolacrimal system bypass procedure.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Bilateral lymphocytic infiltrates causing dacryostenosis after bilateral successful dacryocystorhinostomies.

A 73-year-old woman with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia had bilateral dacryocystorhinostomies for bilateral chronic dacryocystitis. The procedures were performed 7 months apart. Twenty-four months after the first dacryocystorhinostomy on the left side, the patient developed a mass in the area of the left lacrimal sac causing epiphora. A repeat dacryocystorhinostomy revealed a lymphocytic infiltrate causing the left dacryostenosis. Thirty-three months after the right dacryocystorhinostomy, the patient developed a right dacryostenosis with epiphora and no mass. Pathology specimens obtained during a repeat dacryocystorhinostomy on the right side revealed a similar lymphocytic infiltrate. This case is an unusual presentation of solid lymphoma in a traumatized area in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

Results of endoscopic KTP laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy.

Nineteen consecutive cases of primary endoscopic potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) were retrospectively studied. Follow-up ranged from 10 to 16 months. Patients ranged in age from 18 to 93 years (average 65.6 years). Preoperative epiphora was present in all patients, and associated with mucopyocele in nine patients. Bicanalicular-nasal silicone tubes were placed during surgery in all cases. Timing of tube removal in the office ranged from 5 to 15 weeks (average 8.9 weeks). Prolonged patency through the follow-up period was achieved in 13 of 19 cases (68.4%). The six cases (31.6%) of postoperative failure included three cases with preoperative mucopyocele and three cases without. Failures manifested with recurrent epiphora (three cases) or recurrent dacryocystitis (three cases); the onset of symptom recurrence varied from 7 to 27 weeks postoperatively (average 18.3 weeks). Although success rates will vary between surgeons and study populations, patients should be advised that the success rate of KTP laser-assisted DCR may be lower than that of standard DCR. Generally, indications for choosing laser-assisted DCR include the avoidance of a cutaneous incision and reduced potential for mucosal bleeding. The technique may be considered for use in selected cases of nasolacrimal obstruction. The importance of technical variations remains to be elucidated including rhinostomy size and timing of silicone tube removal. Further studies are needed to help define the role of endoscopy techniques and lasers in DCR surgery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Oncocytic adenomatous hyperplasia of the lacrimal sac: a case report and review of the literature.

Oncocytic tumors of the lacrimal sac are very rare, with only 21 cases documented in the world literature. The authors report a 75-year-old woman who sought treatment for recurrent dacryocystitis and a palpable mass in the left medial canthal area. The patient underwent surgery for removal of a suspected lacrimal sac cancer, but pathologic findings indicated benign oncocytic adenomatous hyperplasia. Complete removal of the tumor and long-term follow-up are necessary in patients with lacrimal sac oncocytic lesions. The authors discuss the characteristic features of ocular adnexal oncocytic lesions and review the literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2002

Involvement of the lacrimal drainage system by leukemia or lymphoma.

PURPOSE: To determine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with leukemic or lymphomatous involvement of the lacrimal drainage system (LDS). METHODS: A computerized retrieval system was used to identify patients with histologically proven leukemic or lymphomatous involvement of the LDS. Medical records were reviewed. RESULTS: Biopsies of the lacrimal sac or nasolacrimal duct obtained during dacryocystorhinostomies (DCR) performed at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota) between January 19, 1989, and August 26, 1997, were positive for leukemia or lymphoma in 11 patients (15 LDS). Ten patients had previously diagnosed leukemia or lymphoma; the interval between the diagnosis of systemic disease and DCR averaged 5.8 years (range, 7 months to 13 years; median, 5 years). The median age at the time of LDS involvement was 72 years (range, 49 to 85 years). Seven patients (64%) were women, and all were white. The median postoperative follow-up after DCR was 38 months (range, 10 to 65 months). Eight patients had leukemic infiltration of the LDS, 2 patients had B-cell lymphoma, and 1 patient had cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Four patients had bilateral LDS involvement, and the remainder had unilateral disease (right eye, 1 patient; left eye, 6 patients). The most common initial presentation, in 9 patients (82%), was epiphora. Lacrimal irrigation of 2 LDS was deferred because of acute dacryocystitis. Of the remaining 13 systems, 8 were completely obstructed. The blockage was low (in the lower sac or in the nasolacrimal duct) in 6 systems and high (in the upper sac or common internal punctum) in 2 systems. Four LDS were anatomically patent to irrigation but were functionally obstructed. Chemotherapy was the primary treatment in 7 patients, whereas 4 patients underwent radiation therapy. Nine patients responded well to treatment, with alleviation of signs and symptoms, and none of these patients had local recurrence during the follow-up interval. CONCLUSIONS: Leukemic or lymphomatous involvement of the LDS is an unusual cause of tearing in elderly patients, but it should be suspected in patients with known systemic disease. Treatment comprising multiple interventions improves the signs and symptoms of this complication of lymphoproliferative disorders in most patients.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

Translacrimal transnasal laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy.

Chronic dacryocystitis is due to an obstruction in the nasolacrimal duct, with subsequent infection of the lacrimal sac. The goal of surgery is to reestablish intranasal drainage of the lacrimal sac. Classic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) requires an external incision and drilling through the lacrimal bone into the middle meatus. In our study a 600-micron neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) fiber with a blunt hemispherical tip is inserted via the lacrimal puncta. An intranasal ostium is created with the laser under intranasal endoscopic control. Silicon tubes are then left in place for 6 months. We have performed 49 procedures over the past 2 1/2 years, with a success rate of 85% after one surgical procedure, which is commensurate with standard DCR. This procedure provides a simple, bloodless, incisionless alternative to standard DCR.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed2003

Clinicopathologic findings from lacrimal sac biopsy specimens obtained during dacryocystorhinostomy.

PURPOSE: To retrospectively review the pathologic diagnoses and clinical characteristics of patients undergoing dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). METHODS: Specimens accessioned between 1991 and 2001 in a single ophthalmic pathology laboratory were reviewed. All of the specimens included a lacrimal sac biopsy specimen. The pathologic diagnoses were recorded. The clinical features of the patients with significant pathologic abnormalities were reviewed to determine if the pathology was suspected before or at the time of the DCR. RESULTS: There were 377 DCR specimens from 316 patients representing 1.8% of 21,018 ophthalmic pathology specimens accessioned between 1991 and 2001. Diagnoses, in decreasing order of frequency, were nongranulomatous inflammation (321, 85.1%), granulomatous inflammation consistent with sarcoidosis (8, 2.1%), lymphoma (7, 1.9%), papilloma (4, 1.11%), lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate (4, 1.1%), transitional cell carcinoma (2, 0.5%), and single cases of adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, granular cell tumor, plasmacytoma, and leukemic infiltrate. A total of 31 (8.2%) specimens from 25 (7.9%) of patients demonstrated significant pathology. Among 17 specimens (4.5%) from 14 patients with neoplasms whose clinical histories were available, 8 (2.1%) were not suspected before surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Nongranulomatous inflammation consistent with chronic dacryocystitis is the most common diagnosis in lacrimal sac specimens obtained at DCR. Neoplasms resulting in chronic nasolacrimal duct obstruction occurred in 4.6% of cases and were unsuspected before surgery in 2.1% of patients. We recommend pathologic examination of DCR specimens.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Vasculitis of the lacrimal sac wall in Wegener granulomatosis.

A 35-year-old woman with a 4-year history of generalized Wegener granulomatosis (WG) had clinically controlled disease. She was evaluated for a 6-month history of right lacrimal sac mass. On examination, a right chronic dacryocystitis and mucocele were observed. A right external dacryocystorhinostomy was performed. The surgical biopsy specimen from the lacrimal sac showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis with more aggressive damage to the small vessels in the deeper mucosa and focal microhemorrhages. The patient was free of symptoms 1 year after surgery. We believe this is the first report of generalized WG presenting features of an active vasculitis of the lacrimal sac wall on surgical biopsy specimen. We conclude that the lacrimal drainage system can be affected directly by focal WG vasculitis, suggesting that nasolacrimal duct obstruction is not always due to contiguous paranasal disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Conjunctival transport of technetium-99m pertechnetate.

Using a gamma camera coupled to a computer and a tape unit the transport of pertechnetate (Tc99m) across the conjunctiva was determined by the 'region of interest' technique in human subjects. In 11 patients with their lacrimal sacs removed a fractional turnover rate of 0.021 min-1 was found. In 21 patients with inflammed conjunctiva due to chronic dacryocystitis a fractional turnover rate of 0.027 min-1 was found, whereas the value in 11 normal individuals was 0.015 min-1. Neglecting the relatively small transcorneal route of disappearance, the values found for technetium disappearance could be regarded as representative for the transconjunctival transport of the radioisotope. This assumption was confirmed by correlating the radioactivity in the blood with the fractional turnover rate.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Aetiology and treatment of acute bacterial infection of the external eye.

The microbial flora of 738 patients with acute bacterial conjunctivitis, corneal ulceration, blepharitis, dacryocystitis, and discharging sockets has been investigated. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae were the main pathogens isolated. Str. viridans was associated with conjunctivitis in patients aged under 1 year. moraxella sp. was isolated on only one occasion. Overall, 40% of specimens were associated with Staph. epidermidis or mixed skin flora, which also occurred with cultures of the normal eye. Clostridium welchii was isolated on 3 occasions but was not associated with bullae or gas gangrene. The least overall resistance, of 6%, was to chloramphenicol, but no one antibiotic was effective against all pathogens. Gentamicin remains the antibiotic of choice for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1988

Ocular involvement in sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy.

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy is a distinct clinical entity, with ophthalmic involvement in 10% of patients. Orbital as well as eyelid lesions have been described as part of the extra-lymph node involvement of this disorder. We recently examined a young boy with sinus histiocytosis with a bulbar conjunctival mass and chronic dacryocystitis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Spontaneous passage of a dacryolith.

A patient had four episodes of recurrent dacryolith over 14 years. Each attack of acutely painful dacryocystitis was terminated by spontaneous passage of the dacryolith. Biochemical and dacryocystographic evidence help to explain the pathogenesis of the condition.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Factors affecting the success rate of open lacrimal surgery.

Postoperative soft tissue infection may predispose to failure of open lacrimal surgical procedures. Using a retrospective analysis of 413 cases, the failure rates for primary and repeat surgery were 12.0% and 8.9% respectively (0.25 < p < 0.5). Postoperative soft tissue infection is associated with an increased risk of failure (p < 0.005); antibiotics decrease the rate of postoperative infection and may thus decrease the failure rate. Furthermore, antibiotic therapy decreases the rate of failure in cases after previous facial trauma. Curative antibiotic therapy for established postoperative infection is less effective than preventative therapy at improving the success rate after surgery. Previous trauma is also associated with a greater rate of failure (p < 0.02), possibly owing to the frequent canalicular problems in such patients. Silicone tubes appear to increase neither the rate of infection nor failure (p > 0.5). Trauma, acute dacryocystitis, and silicone tubes appear to act on outcome independently of each other.

Adolescent↗