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PubMed1986

A Delphi survey of traits of effective physiatric leaders.

A Delphi study of 14 physiatric leaders, 10 men and 4 women, ages 30 to 65, to determine their most important leadership characteristics, asked them to list the characteristics they considered most important for effective leadership. Responses were collated and any trait mentioned by at least three was put into a second survey, in which they were asked to rank the traits. A third survey gave them the results of the second, and asked for a final ranking. Fourteen traits made the final survey, in which the ten most important (in descending order of importance) were Organizational Skill, Commitment, Vision/Purpose, Communication Ability, Ability to Delegate, Sense of Ethics, Decisiveness, Knowledgeable, Flexibility/Adaptability and Analytical/Problem Solving Skill.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Retrospective evaluation of occupational exposure in epidemiologic studies. Use of the Delphi method].

A method, based on the Delphi technique, for evaluating occupational risks in a quantifiable manner was devised in the course of a case-control study on respiratory cancers in the nickel mining and refining industry in New Caledonia. There were four stages in the evaluation process: identification of eleven potential carcinogenic factors in the company during the 1930-1977 period; grouping of a limited number of work-stations; evaluation of exposure levels for the different factors for each workstation; computation of the cumulative value of exposure for each subject under study. A partial validation study shows that this kind of approach may prove useful for future occupational epidemiological studies.

Carcinogens, Environmental↗

PubMed1985

Schools of the allied health professions and the future: report of a Delphi study.

During the 1982-83 academic year, ten members of the College of Health Deans participated in a five-round Delphi study to identify objectives for schools of the allied health professions through the year 1991. There was consensus among the deans participating that 29 potential developments in health and health care are highly likely to occur by 1991 and that 13 objectives relative to these developments are of highest importance to schools of the allied health professions.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMed1979

Developing criteria for quality of assessment: effect of the Delphi technique.

We examined the effect of the Delphi iteration procedure in developing explicit criteria for ambulatory care assessment. Practicing internists chose items they believed to be essential with regard to the care of certain specified conditions. The initial responses were tabulated and "fed-back" to the participants. The second round of criteria selection, with the first-round summary available, produced few and relatively minor changes in the items chosen by group consensus.

Ambulatory Care↗

PubMed1980

Choice of preventive treatment for isoniazid-resistant tuberculous infection. Use of decision analysis and the Delphi technique.

Proper care of persons infected with isoniazid-resistant tubercle bacilli is controversial because there are few data on the risks and benefits of the preventive treatment alternatives. Decision analysis was used to facilitate a comparison of outcomes using different strategies and the Delphi technique to obtain estimates of relevant probabilities. For all probabilities of isoniazid resistance, the observation and no-drug alternative is unsatisfactory because it sould result in a twofold to sevenfold greater number of tuberculosis cases than any of the drug regimens. With a low probability of isoniazid resistance, isoniazid is the preventive treatment of least cost and proved efficacy. As the probability of isoniazid resistance increases, more cases are prevented by rifampin-containing regimens, but at added cost. These findings can be used to formulate appropriate preventive treatment recommendations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Perspectives on academic health sciences libraries in the 1980s: indicators from a Delphi study.

A Delphi study was undertaken to identify the changes in library roles and functions that the directors of academic health sciences libraries believe will occur over the next decade. The methodology is described and the results are summarized. Two scenarios resulted: one, highly desirable; the other, highly probable. They overlap by 64%. Library directors expect moderate evolutionary changes in the next ten years. Users are perceived to be the force maintaining the status quo, while technology is the force advancing change. The adoption of technology is seen as desirable and within the libraries' span of control. Education and service roles of librarians will expand. Library and institutional priorities are seen as obstacles to change.

Canada↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Needs assessment for a patient education program in a nursing department. A Delphi approach.

Nursing staff members reported patient education activities in a teaching hospital during a needs assessment conducted as a three-round modified Delphi study. Members of the clinical practice committee and nursing staff members from all patient units were surveyed during three consecutive rounds. Results include the characteristics and priorities of nursing staff members' current interventions related to patient education. Programmatic directions for the nursing service organization, including the development of inservice education programs for creating a formal teaching plan, were identified.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

A Delphi study on research priorities for trauma nursing.

OBJECTIVES: To identify and prioritize research questions of importance to trauma patient care and of interest to trauma nurses. METHOD: A three-round Delphi technique was used to solicit, identify, and prioritize problems for trauma nursing research. In round 1, experienced trauma nurses (N = 208) generated 513 problems, which were analyzed, categorized, and collapsed into 111 items for subsequent rounds. Round 2 participants rated each research question on a 1 to 7 scale on two criteria: impact on patient welfare and value for practicing nurses. Group median scores provided by 166 round 2 respondents and respondents' individual round 2 scores were indicated on the round 3 questionnaire. Subjects rated the questions again on the same criteria and indicated whether nurses, independently or in collaboration with other health professionals, should assume responsibility for that research. Median and mean scores and rank order were determined for each item. RESULTS: Respondents who completed all three rounds (n = 137) had a mean of 8.3 years of trauma experience. Nine research questions ranked within the top 20 on both criteria. The two research questions that ranked highest on both criteria were: What are the most effective nursing interventions in the prevention of pulmonary and circulatory complications in trauma patients? and What are the most effective methods for preventing aspiration in trauma patients during the postoperative phase? The third-ranked question regarding patient welfare was: What psychological and lifestyle changes result from traumatic injury? Regarding value for practicing nurses, What are the most effective educational methods to prepare and maintain proficiency in trauma care providers? ranked third. CONCLUSION: These research priorities provide impetus and direction for nursing and collaborative investigation in trauma care.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Quality of care in general practice. A delphi study of indicators and methods.

OBJECTIVE: To identify methods for measuring quality of care in general practice, and to assess general practitioners' views about their acceptability, practicality and usefulness. DESIGN: A delphi design was used. Questionnaires consisting mainly of open-ended questions were sent to 50 general practice teachers in New South Wales. A second questionnaire derived from the responses from the first round was sent to the same GPs who were asked to rate each of the responses. RESULTS: The response rate by the general practitioners was 46 per cent for the first questionnaire and 64 per cent for the second one. A total of 29 indicators of quality of care and 20 strategies for assessing quality were suggested. The most favoured indicators were appropriate prescribing, communication skills, and participation in continuing medical education. A mixture of methods assessing both performance and competence was suggested. CONCLUSION: A good consensus was achieved by teaching general practitioners criteria for defining and measuring quality of care.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMed1993

Priorities for understanding and managing occupational allergy: a Delphi consensus.

Limiting factors in the understanding, clinical management, and prevention of occupationally related allergic disease should be identified, since these dictate the tasks that need to be undertaken and/or important research questions that warrant an answer. Through an adaptation of the Delphi technique, a working group of the Special Interest Group on Occupational Allergy of the British Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology addressed these issues. The consensus categorized and ranked the limiting factors and tasks needed in relation to epidemiology and natural history, mechanisms, clinical diagnosis, statute and education, and the workplace environment. This report should help focus the debate regarding which issues are perceived to be most relevant and timely for research and good practice in the field of occupational allergy.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMed1993

Piercing the veil of the future. A review of the Delphi method of research.

1. The Delphi method aims to obtain the most reliable consensus of opinion of a group of experts. 2. This is done by a seven-step process using the method. 3. There are advantages and disadvantages to using this method; they arise from the respondents, the researcher and the responses given. 4. The final result obtained becomes a kind of historical action research picture of the time it was undertaken.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A Western Australian Delphi survey of staff development research priorities.

A modified Delphi survey conducted during 1989-1990 identifies problems that Western Australian nurses consider research priorities. Participants were employed in hospital and health-care agencies throughout metropolitan and rural regions of the state. The large number of topics generated were analyzed and categorized into three areas of nursing: staff development, clinical practice, and management. Participants rated each topic on its importance to nurses and patients. The results are based on the 10 priority items identified in the staff development field.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMed1997

Events which will influence intensive care units in future. A Delphi study.

OBJECTIVE: To find out and analyse the events which are expected to influence the future of Intensive Care Units (ICU). DESIGN: Three round Delphi study. SETTING: In a first preparation round 9 events were defined. In the two rating rounds an international panel of 60 experts heads of ICUs) estimated the time when the events may come true and whether they are desired or not. RESULTS: Computer tools are desired and expected in the near future (before the year 2000) for audit, quality assurance, record keeping and telecommunication; complex closed loops and nursing robots will not be used in clinical routine before 2005, they are not desired.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMed1998

Otorhinolaryngology nursing research priorities: results of the 1996/1997 SOHN Delphi survey.

This study was initiated by the Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Nurses, Inc. (SOHN) to establish research priorities for the specialty. Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) Nurses were asked to identify, rate, and rank priorities for ORL nursing research. The survey sample was gleaned from attendees at the 20th Annual SOHN Congress and Nursing Symposium plus a follow-up mailing to active SOHN members who did not attend. A decision-making method, the reactive delphi technique, was employed. Four rounds of soliciting opinions by questionnaires were completed. Data from each round were reviewed and analyzed by three ORL nurse investigators. The respondents were largely actively employed, female SOHN members who were seasoned nurses, experienced in ORL nursing. The majority were Registered Nurses (RN) or held Bachelor of Science (BSN) degrees. They were primarily employed as staff nurses in outpatient settings and working with a general otorhinolaryngology patient population of all ages. The fourteen priorities identified fall in the areas of patient outcomes (three), patient education (three), symptom management (two), patient self-care (two), psychosocial issues (two), and nursing care delivery (two), spanning the practice spectra of all ORL nurse generalists and subspecialists. The top five research priorities identified are; care of neck stomas and related equipment, quality of life in head and neck cancer patients, impact of managed care on ORL nursing care delivery, value of ORL specialty nurses/nursing units, and effective techniques to promote cessation of substance abuse in adolescents. This priority identification provides a baseline for the newly forming SOHN Foundation.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMed1998

Essential public health functions: results of the international Delphi study.

The essential public health functions (EPHFs) approach is an integral component in the elaboration of the Health for all (HFA) policy in the 21st century and a necessary element for building sustainable health systems. An international Delphi study on EPHFs was conducted in 1997. This international study included a respondent group of 145 public health experts from all regions of the world. The core monitor group included the members of the WHO EPHFs working group, and 8 senior public health figures from both developing and developed countries. The primary objectives of this study were: to define the concept of EPHFs; to establish consensus on what functions constitute EPHFs, and to determine which public health functions are likely to be most essential in the future and to confirm which public health functions require the elaboration of performance standards. Three rounds of the study were completed in December 1997, and this paper provides an overall summary of the findings.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reaching consensus on the National Dental Hygiene Research Agenda: a Delphi study. American Dental Hygienists Association Council on Research.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to achieve consensus on specific research topics under the national dental hygiene research agenda categories developed by the ADHA Council on Research. METHODS: A Delphi technique was used to survey a group of 48 dental hygiene experts to gain consensus about the appropriateness of topics for dental hygiene research. The study was carried out in three phases: a development and pilot-testing phase and two rounds of mailed surveys. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Instrument reliability was analyzed using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient and Cronbach's Alpha for internal consistency. RESULTS: Sixty-six topics reflective of the research agenda categories were identified through the first phase. Return rates of 100% and 94% were achieved for the two survey rounds. Instrument reliability was established at .91 and internal consistency at .94. After two rounds, consensus was reached on 37 of the 66 topics. CONCLUSIONS: Each of the categories comprising the ADHA national dental hygiene research agenda was well represented by the 37 topics. This finding provided evidence that there was consensus on the national agenda. However, reaching consensus is just the first step in the development of a long-range plan to guide research efforts and to promote depth in the development of a body of knowledge based on scientific inquiry.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMed1998

[Delphi study of Palmer's quality method in primary care: strong and weak points and areas of utilization].

OBJECTIVE: To identify the strong and weak points of Palmer's Quality Method as it applies to Primary Care (PC), and determine the areas of quality assurance to which it is most suited. DESIGN: Delphi Study. SETTING: Primary Care-related professionals, homogeneously distributed throughout the different autonomous communities. PARTICIPANTS: 52 assurance experts selected on the basis of their publications, and from lists provided by well known, prestigious experts. METHOD: Each expert was first contacted by phone to request participation in the study. The first questionnaire that was sent asked the participants to respond to the following questions: "Which are, in your judgement, the positive aspects (strong points) and negative aspects (weak points) of Palmer's Quality Method with regard to PC?" and "In which quality assurance area do you think its use is most effective?" RESULTS: Respondents to the first questionnaire (35 experts) listed 125 strong points, 111 weak points and 52 areas. After similar responses were grouped together, the resulting totals were 67 strong points, 40 weak points and 11 areas. The second questionnaire was rated by 32 experts. The third questionnaire was then created using the 7 highest-scoring answers, including the average score and scoring variance for each question. Thirty-one experts responded. Ultimately, 8 strong points, 7 weak points and 7 areas of quality assurance were obtained. CONCLUSIONS: Palmer's method continues to be useful in quality assurance work in PC. We believe that this study can serve to facilitate its use and suggest those situations where its use is most effective.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMed1998

[Compliance and asthma--a delphi survey on therapy compliance by by asthma patients in ambulatory care].

Compliance of asthma patients to a prescribed course of treatment is of both medical and economic importance, as the progression of the illness can be halted or at least slowed down by a consistent treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs. The use of fixed combination products which contain both an anti-inflammatory active ingredient (e.g. sodium cromoglycate) and a short-acting beta-2-agonist can lead to improve a compliance and thus slow down the progression. This was established with the help of a survey by experts carried out according to the Delphi Method, separating adult asthmatics from children with asthma.

Adult↗