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PubMedDate not supplied

[Bilharzial granuloma - immunological aspects (author's transl)].

Living eggs of schistosoma are responsible for the tissular granulomatous reactions of the parasitized organism. It has been demonstrated that this process resorts to a reaction of delayed hypersensitivity related to the complex immunologic mechanisms involving egg specific antigens and immunocompetent cells (lympho-plasmocytic cells). In long duration infections, the granulomatous reaction disappears (endogenic desensitization by immunological processes).

Antigens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preseasonal specific immunotherapy with modified Phleum pratense allergenic extracts: tolerability and effects.

UNLABELLED: The preparation of chemically modified allergens, with a reduced IgE binding capacity (responsible for side effects with traditional immunotherapy) but with the same or greater immunogenic activity, is one of the paths followed to obtain better results with specific immunotherapy (IT). The aim of the study was to evaluate the tolerability and effects of an extract Phleum pratense, modified with glutaraldehyde and absorbed on aluminium hydroxide, in controlling the seasonal symptomatology induced by grass pollen in a group of 10 monosensitized patients, compared to a group of 10 similar patients not treated with specific IT but with drugs alone. The monitoring parameters were: 1) Clinical: a) symptomatology after specific conjunctival provocation test (pre and post seasonal) and during the natural exposure to the allergen b) drug consumption. 2) Immunological (peripheral blood eosinophils, total and specific IgE, total specific IgG). 3) Cytological, before, during and after the pollen season. CONCLUSIONS: In subjects treated with specific IT a) both the overall symptomatology and the drug consumption resulted significantly reduced compared to the controls (p = 0.045); b) the phlogistic infiltrate showed a tendency to decrease during the pollen season; c) the peripheral blood eosinophils, total and specific IgE and IgG did not show any significant variation compared to the controls; d) no systemic reactions occurred and there were only two slight local reactions.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2002

Immunophenotypic characterization of peripheral B cells. During short-term immunotherapy with tree pollen allergoid and the immunoadjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A.

The effects of immunotherapy (IT) on the activation and functions of B cells are not well described yet. We therefore measured the expression of several surface markers on peripheral B cells during short-term IT. Twelve patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, sensitized to hazel, alder, and birch pollen proven by positive history, skin test, sIgE, and nasal provocation test, were included in the study. Eight patients received short-term IT with TA tree pollen and the immunoadjuvant monophosphoryl Lipid A; 4 patients received a placebo suspension containing 2% tyrosine. After separation of PBMCs, the expression of surface molecules on peripheral B cells were analyzed by flow cytometry before the start of IT, before the 3rd injection, at the end of IT, and after the pollen season. The expression of CD23, CD54, and HLA-DR-II on CD19+ B cells decreased during IT and then increased again after the pollen season. In the placebo group, the expression of CD23, CD54, and HLA-DR-II remained unchanged during the first three measurements. After the season, the expression of CD23, CD54 and HLA-DR-II increased in both groups. CD86 expression was decreased during treatment in both groups. Although CD86 expression increased in both groups after the season, the increase was more pronounced in the placebo group. No changes in the expression of CD32, CD40, and HLA-ABC-I were registered during the study. The results show that expression of CD23, CD54, and HLA-DR-II on peripheral B cells decreases during IT, which indicates reduced B-cell activation. Whether these effects are a result of direct allergen action on the B cells or whether they are mediated by T cells and their clinical relevance remains to be elucidated.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗