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At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Glaucoma parameters of the papilla. Comparison of clinical and stereophotography methods with laser scanning tomography].

The observations recorded by laser tomographic scanner (LTS) and with clinical and stereophotographic evaluation of 40 optic discs in the same glaucomatous patients were compared. Quantitative parameters (vertical and horizontal cup-to-disc ratio) and qualitative parameters (nasal excavation, notch, pseudo-pit, overpass, bayonetting) were evaluated. The correlation coefficients for the quantitative parameter ranged from 0.59 to 0.73. The definition of excavation used meant that the values found with the LTS were consistently higher. The qualitative parameter did not differ significantly with the method. Therefore, the LTS can be considered equivalent to the standard methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[An analysis of the causes of glaucomatous visual function damage by computed multifactorial stepwise regression].

Computed multifactorial stepwise regression analysis of quantitative visual field deterioration in relation to 28 factors showed that only the hemorheological indices entered the multiplex regression equations, especially accurately for POAG patients with severe visual damages. Besides, the patients might also have lower antioxidant capability in the red cell membrane protein. Based on the present results and data abroad, POAG might pertain to the blood hyperviscosity syndrome, and with elevated intraocular pressure and decreased ocular arterial pressure, the visual function damage would be aggravated.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1992

[Computerized image analysis for retinal nerve fiber layer: a preliminary report].

The principle and method for analysing the white-black photographs of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) by using the technique of computerized image analysis were introduced. An objective and quantitative result of RNFL on the white-black photograph was initially obtained, and using the technique of fulse colour, each of the RNFL could be showed, which seem to have more advantages than observing RNFL on a white-black photograph.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1992

Effects of timolol and acetazolamide on intraocular pressure elevation following argon laser iridotomy.

To study the effect of hypotensive agents on intraocular pressure elevation following argon laser iridotomy, 0.5% timolol maleate topically and acetazolamide 125 mg orally were given in 39 eyes, one hour prior to laser iridotomy, with 29 eyes serving as the control. The mean pressure two hours after laser iridotomy was 18.9 +/- 7.2 mmHg in the control group and 12.8 +/- 3.9 mmHg in the pretreated group. Ocular pressure was elevated from the baseline pressure of the prelaser status in two eyes (5%) only in the timolol-acetazolamide treated group and in 16 eyes (55%) in the control group. The pressure elevation two hours after laser iridotomy was significantly less in the timolol-acetazolamide pretreated group.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1992

Recent developments in medical therapy of POAG with beta blocking agents.

Since 1987, an entirely computerized open study has been developed in Pr Sole's Ophthalmology Department: the CLERTORE project (Clermont-Tonus-Research). It is a data bank including all the ophthalmic data of hypertensive patients, whether treated or untreated. Every six months, the patients included in the CLERTORE project undergo a clinical ophthalmic examination as well as an automated visual field examination (OCTOPUS 500), an examination of the optic disc (ONHA) and fluorophotometry (FLUOROTRON MASTER). To date, 92 patients have been included in the project. One hundred and eighty-three eyes are examined every six months with a maximal follow-up of 42 months. Because of the numerous criteria of the data base, it is too early to give any statistical results. With a close look at the evolution of the examinations of some of our cases, this preliminary work however allows us to make the three following remarks: In the hypertensive patients, a modification of the papillary pallor is observed without any change in the visual field, C/D ratio and fluorophotometry. The pallor is clearly modified when adrenaline eye drops are given to glaucomatous patients. There is a break of the iridic blood barrier in some hypertensive patients, whether treated or untreated.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1992

Treatment of encapsulated blebs with 30-gauge needling and injection of low-dose 5-fluorouracil.

We describe a simplified needling procedure, performed at the slit-lamp, with injection of low-dose 5-fluorouracil to treat encapsulated filtering blebs. Between August 1989 and December 1990 we treated 17 eyes of 14 patients with this procedure. At 2 months 13 of the eyes had needed only one needling procedure. Risk factors for reencapsulation of the bleb were a history of three or more previous surgical procedures (p less than 0.05) and prolonged preoperative use of topical adrenergic drugs (p less than 0.05). At 1 year all but one eye had an intraocular pressure below 21 mm Hg (median 15 mm Hg). Twelve of the eyes had needed more than one needling procedure. There were no serious complications of the 32 procedures performed. The incidence rate of minor complications (wound leaks, corneal erosion and small hyphemas) was 38%.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of computer-assisted versus manual optic nerve head pallor measurement.

Computerized methods of examining the optic nerve head offer the possibility of providing consistent, reliable, and accurate measurements of the nerve head. The reliability and accuracy of such instruments must be examined to confirm this. This research was undertaken to gain an insight into the accuracy of such a system, which takes its measurements by tracking the luminance boundaries of the pallor area and the optic nerve head after an observer marks the starting points. Measurements made using the computer-tracked boundary were compared with those made using a boundary tracked by an image-processing system of greater sophistication, the human visual system. The comparison was made with images from one eye from each of 30 subjects (10 normal, 10 ocular hypertensive, and 10 glaucomatous). The measurements were made by two observers. Each observer made each set of measurements twice, and the results were analyzed with a five-factor analysis of variance. The measurements made using the computerized method did not differ significantly from those made using the manual boundary tracking for the two observers, and they were highly correlated (r = 0.99 for the area pallor-disc ratio). Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between the two observers in both the manual and computerized boundary tracking. The computerized method, however, did not find differences between the two sets of measurements made by each observer; the manual method did show such differences. The computerized method appeared to trace the luminance boundaries successfully in the image, and it might reduce errors related to the observer marking the starting points on different occasions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Trabeculectomy with 5-fluorouracil subsequent to circular buckling operation and cataract extraction.

Six patients, each with one eye that had previously undergone circular buckling surgery for the repair of retinal detachment before or followed by cataract extraction with or without intraocular lens implantation, underwent trabeculectomy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for intractable glaucoma. Surgery was done through scarred subconjunctival tissues that were excised partially. The total doses of 5-FU ranged from 65 to 100mg (mean +/- standard deviation, 84.2 +/- 13.2mg) Eight to 47 months later, intraocular pressures were 18mmHg in five eyes, two of which were not receiving hypotensive medications. In the sixth eye, the intraocular pressure was 26mmHg with maximum hypotensive treatment. Intraocular pressures in the six eyes were significantly lower postoperatively than preoperatively (P < .05). This preliminary study suggests that filtering surgery with 5-FU may be beneficial after intraocular operations even in eyes where it is done through postoperative scarred subconjunctival tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Peripheral nasal field defects in glaucoma.

One hundred fifty-one eyes of 101 consecutive patients with chronic open-angle and low tension glaucoma showed typical visual field changes. Sixty of the eyes had a nasal step, either alone or in combination with other defects. In 17 of these eyes, it was possible to demonstrate an isolated scotoma in the nasal periphery. It was concluded that the peripheral nasal step is a nerve fiber bundle defect that in its earliest phase produces a scotoma. In this sense, it behaves similar to the more central defects, rather than simply as a depression of isopters nasally.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Diathermo-trabeculotomy ab externo: indications and long-term results.

The authors present the results of 2 years' observation of 47 eyes operated with diathermo-trabeculotomy ab externo. This technique, based on a diathermic effect in association with trabeculotomy ab externo, allows an ample opening of Schlemm's canal and of the trabecular meshwork, with normalisation of intraocular pressure and outflow facility, for a period of up to 2 years, in open-angle and congenital glaucoma.

Electrocoagulation↗
PubMed1976

Combined cyclodialysis and cataract extraction.

Combined cyclodialysis and cataract extraction was performed on 78 eyes in a consecutive series of 26 years duration. This operation was performed on eyes with severe glaucoma, inadequately controlled on maximum medical therapy, and with a cataract needing extraction. Glaucoma types included open-angle, angle-closure with peripheral anterior synechias, combined open-angle and angle-closure, and secondary to uveitis. Seventy of the 78 eyes had follow-up of six months or more and the results in these 70 eyes were analyzed. In thirteen percent of the eyes in this study the postoperative intraocular pressure was the same or higher than the preoperative level, or reductions of intraocular pressure were not clinically significant. Eighty-seven percent (61 eyes) had a clinically significant lowering of intraocular pressure following the combined procedure. Thirty-nine percent (27 eyes) of the 70 eyes in this study had a tension of 0-14 mm Hg, and 44% (31 eyes) had a tension of 15-20 mm Hg. Intraocular pressure was improved significantly more often in patients over 60 years of age. Resulting intraocular pressures of 14 mm Hg or less were more likely when the cyclodialysis was performed in the lower quadrant. The results of the combined procedure were not significantly influenced by the type of glaucoma involved or by a history of previous glaucoma surgery. Bleeding was a frequent complication, but was not related to resulting intraocular pressure. Other complications were rare. We conclude that combining cyclodialysis with cataract extraction is safe and effective, and is a suitable procedure when there is need for surgery to relieve severe glaucoma, along with a need for cataract extraction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Topical oxpernolol in the treatment of various forms of glaucoma (author's transl)].

Oxprenolol is a new beta-adrenergic blocking drug, whose effectiveness in the treatment of various forms of glaucoma has been evaluated. The drug was administered topically as 0.5% -1%-2% solution. The results of the investigation may be summarized as follows: The instillation of the drug produces a transient and slight conjunctival hyperaemia and a not significant miosis. A significnat ocular hypotensive action has been observed in the treatment of chronic open-angle, hemorrhagic and congenital glaumiosis. A significnat ocular hypotensive action has been observed in the treatment of chronic open-angle, hemorrhagic and congenital glaucoma. The concentration of 0.5% Oxprenolol seems to be as effective as topical 1% Propranolol. At the same concentration (0.5%), Oxprenolol produces no significnat change of the systemic blood pressure or of the heart rate. Topical pre-treatment with 1% Oxprenolol inhibits the systemic side-effects (tachycardia) produced by topical Isoproterenol, a wellknown ocular hypotensive drug. The authors conclude the investigation affirming that Oxprenolol may represent a new effective means for the medical treatment of glaucoma.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1976

Pilocarpine therapy in glaucoma: effects on anterior chamber depth and lens thickness in patients receiving long-term therapy.

The effect of pilocarpine hydrochloride on the anterior chamber depth and lens thickness was measured in 20 eyes of patients with chronic open-angle glucoma who were receiving long-term glaucoma therapy with pilocarpine. Measurements were made with high-resolution ultrasonic biometry. This study demonstrated that regardless of their age (58.4 years, average) and the fact that they had been regularly using pilocarpine from two to four times a day, 85% of these patients demonstrated narrowing of the anterior chamber (AC) depth (average, 0.19 mm) and thickening of the lens (average, 0.21 mm) with each instillation of pilocarpine. In approximately 15% of eyes, a repeatable deepening of the AC depth and flattening of the lens was noted.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

The histopathology of pigmentary dispersion syndrome with glaucoma.

Iris tissue and trabecular meshwork, obtained at time of trabeculectomy, was studied using the light and electron microscope in a 54-year-old woman with pigmentary dispersion syndrome with glaucoma. The specific defect was a loss of the outer epithelial cells of the iris with marked thinning of the remaining outer layers so that the two-cell architecture of the iris epithelium was maintained. In addition, the radial muscle layer was increased in both number and size of muscle fiber. It would appear that the pigmentary dispersion syndrome may represent a congenital or developmental abnormality of the iris epithelium, or both, and that the glaucoma which occasionally occurs in conjunction with this syndrome is of the usual open-angle type.

Atrophy↗