PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “INHALATION THERAPY”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[NO inhalation therapy for post-operative pulmonary hypertensive crisis of the case of truncus arteriosus].

Two-months-old baby underwent complete correction by Barbero-Marcial's procedure for type I truncus arteriosus. Postoperative hemo-dynamics was fairly stable immediately after the operation. However, the acute rise in pulmonary pressure occurred on the 2nd postoperative day. The pulmonary vasodilation therapy with prostaglandin E1 and amrinone had failed. Thirty ppm of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) was started and it resulted in an immediate decrease in pulmonary arterial pressure. Complete weaning from NO was achieved 9 days after surgery by simultaneous administration of PGE1 and amrinone. Although inhalation of NO reduced pulmonary arterial pressure, combination of PGE1 and amrinone with NO inhalation exerted a pulmonary vasodilation and brought the patient to full recovery in this case with pulmonary hypertensive crisis.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

[Indomethacin inhalation therapy].

We studied the effect indomethacin (IND) on electrical properties of airway epithelial cells and on sputum production in patients with chronic respiratory infection. Addition of IND (3 x 10(-6) M) to the mucosal side of Ussing chamber reduced short-circuit current from 5.9 +/- 1.2 to 1.7 +/- 0.5 microA/cm2 (p less than 0.001, n = 12) in canine cultured tracheal epithelium, an effect that was dependent on CI. Inhalation of IND for two weeks resulted in a decrease in the amount of sputum from 208 +/- 25 to 102 +/- 19 ml/day, (p less than 0.01, n = 13), and the concentrations of cyclooxygenase products in the sputum without alteration of inflammatory parameters. These results indicate that IND inhalation is a promising therapy in improving excessive sputum production and that this effect may be attributable to inhibition of Cl secretion and the subsequent reduction in water movement toward the airway lumen.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1993

[High dose steroid inhalation therapy using a large spacer: laboratory and clinical study on usefulness of the 4-puffs/inhalation method].

We investigated whether or not the inhalation method of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) influences patient compliance and the clinical effects of therapy in chronic bronchial asthma, together with a basic study on the lung deposition of BDP using a twin Impinger when various numbers of puffs were discharged into three different spacers (Volumatic, InspirEase, Aerochamber). It was clearly shown that only the spacer, Volumatic maintained a high deposition rate of BDP in the lung model with a dose of 4-puffs/inhalation. Eighteen chronic asthmatic patients were studied. The patients inhaled BDP (800-1600 micrograms/day) by 1-puff/inhalation using a large spacer, Volumatic, for 12 weeks, and they then inhaled the same dose of BDP as given in the previous period by 4-puffs/inhalation using the spacer for 16 weeks. We compared the compliance of BDP, attack score, %PEFR and frequency of beta-agonist inhalation between these two periods. The compliance of BDP was markedly improved after changing from 1-puff/inhalation (92.8%) to 4-puffs/inhalation (99.8%). In the 4-puffs/inhalation period, attack score and %PEFR were significantly improved as compared to the 1-puff/inhalation period. The frequency of beta-agonist inhalation use in the 4-puffs/inhalation period was significantly lower than that in the 1-puff/inhalation period. These results indicate that when high dose steroid inhalation is given with a large spacer in chronic asthmatic patients, we should advice them of the appropriate inhalation method in order to obtain good compliance and clinical effects.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Inhalation therapy for infants.

Delivering aerosolised drugs to infants poses a number of challenges. It is clear that drug delivery is possible via the inhaled route but to date it has been difficult to demonstrate clearly therapeutic benefit from the use of any conventional therapy in the vast majority of infants. This is probably related to the nature of pulmonary disease in this age group. While most aerosol scientists focus on factors such as aerosol size and airways geometry drug delivery, as in all age groups, is most dependent upon patient behaviour. A small amount of drug reaches the lungs of distressed infants. Consideration of patient device interactions is vital if successful drug delivery is to be achieved and this includes consideration of mask design. Doses reaching the lungs are generally very low when considered in terms of the nominal dose but when considered in terms of dose delivered per kilogram body weight drug delivery to the lungs is generally similar to or greater than in adults. Upper airways deposition is relatively greater than in older subjects, in large part because of nasal breathing, and this will affect the 'therapeutic index' of some drugs.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1991

A randomized comparison of atropine and metaproterenol inhalational therapies for refractory status asthmaticus.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) response to inhaled anticholinergic with the response to beta-adrenergic solutions in adults with refractory status asthmaticus. DESIGN: After the decision was made to hospitalize, 40 patients were prospectively randomized in a double-blind trial to receive either atropine sulfate or metaproterenol by nebulizer. SETTING: A county teaching hospital emergency department. TYPE OF PARTICIPANTS: Adults requiring hospitalization for refractory status asthmaticus. INTERVENTIONS: Standard therapies for acute bronchospasm, followed by either 1.5 mg atropine or 15 mg metaproterenol by nebulizer. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The two groups were similar on entry into the study, including mean FEV1 measurements (0.70 L atropine/0.60 L metaproterenol, P greater than .05). Compared with baseline, The FEV1 improvement for the metaproterenol group was statistically significant (+ 0.18 L, P = .05; + 31%, P less than .05), whereas the improvement with atropine did not reach significance (+0.09 L or +10%, P greater than .05). Comparing the two groups, statistically significant differences favoring metaproterenol were found in the percent improvement in the FEV1 (+10% atropine/+31% metaproterenol, P less than .05) and in the percentage of patients experiencing at least a 15% decrease in their FEV1 below baseline (35% atropine/10% metaproterenol, P less than .05). No patient suffered adverse side effects. CONCLUSION: For the majority of adults with refractory status asthmaticus, an additional beta-adrenergic inhalation treatment results in greater FEV1 improvement than that resulting from the addition of an atropine inhalation.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1986

Carbon dioxide inhalation therapy for anxiety: effectiveness due to increased prostacyclin and decreased thromboxane biosynthesis? Re-evaluation of a neglected technique.

CO2 inhalation has been used for many years in the treatment of various psychiatric and medical disorders and different rationales for its effect have been offered. Since it has been recently found that CO2 inhibits thromboxane biosynthesis and raises levels of prostacyclin, a new rationale for the effect of CO2 inhalation, based on its inhibition of thromboxane biosynthesis, is offered.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1997

Interleukin-2 liposome inhalation therapy is safe and effective for dogs with spontaneous pulmonary metastases.

BACKGROUND: Systemic in vivo toxicity of interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been problematic. Antineoplastic activity of IL-2 has been modest. The authors have previously demonstrated the biologic activity and safety of aerosols of IL-2 liposomes in normal dogs. They now report objective regression of naturally occurring pulmonary metastases in dogs after 1 month of nebulized IL-2 liposome therapy. METHODS: Dogs with pulmonary metastases (n = 7) and primary lung carcinoma (n = 2) were treated with aerosols of IL-2 liposomes. Response to therapy was monitored with serial chest radiographs. Effector populations, collected by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and from heparinized whole blood, were assessed for cell type, immunophenotype, and tumor cytolytic activity. Immunogenicity of human IL-2 and human serum albumin (HSA) in dogs was assessed by immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS: Two of four dogs with metastatic pulmonary osteosarcoma had complete regression of metastases; the regression remained stable for more than 12 and more than 20 months, respectively. One of two dogs with lung carcinoma had stabilization of disease for more than 8 months; the other had disease progression. Toxicity was minimal. BAL cell numbers increased more than fourfold (P = 0.01) and included significantly greater proportions and total numbers of eosinophils (P = 0.006) and lymphocytes (P = 0.008). Mean BAL effector lytic activity was significantly greater after 15 days of IL-2 liposome inhalation compared with pretreatment activity (P = 0.01); however, mean BAL lytic activity decreased after 30 days and was no longer significantly greater than pretreatment BAL lytic activity. No allergic reactions were associated with inhaled IL-2 liposome therapy. Canine antibodies against human IL-2 and HSA were detected in all dogs. CONCLUSIONS: Pet dogs with naturally occurring pulmonary metastases and primary lung carcinomas accepted inhalation treatments easily. Nontoxic and effective treatment of pulmonary metastases of osteosarcoma is possible with nebulized IL-2 liposomes.

Aerosols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhalation therapy: new delivery systems.

The objective of this article is to provide an overview of recent advances in inhalation drug delivery. Problems, advantages, limitations, and developments encountered by different inhalation devices and the agents used in these for the purpose of pulmonary delivery are discussed. A critical appraisal is presented and finally the future directions especially in research of the inhaled therapeutics and aerosols are described.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1995

[Basic evaluation of nitric oxide inhalation therapy].

We studied the site of action of nitric oxide (NO) and the dose-response relationship between inhaled NO and PaO2. We also measured nitrosyl-hemoglobin (Hb-NO) levels in arterial and mixed venous blood and NO2 levels in our NO inhalation system to confirm the safety of NO inhalation. In an ovine model of ARDS induced by lung lavage, pressure-flow plots indicated that the site of action of inhaled NO was close to the alveoli. During hypoxia, pulmonary artery pressure decreased as the concentration of inhaled NO increased; PaO2 peaked at 10-20 ppm NO. The levels of Hb-NO in arterial and mixed venous blood during inhalation of 40-60 ppm NO under hypoxic conditions were greater than the levels under normoxic conditions, but Hb-NO still accounted for less than 0.1% of the total Hb. Less than 0.1 ppm on NO2 was generated during inhalation of 5 ppm NO. In conclusion, inhaled NO can dilate pulmonary vessels near alveoli without lowering the O2 carrying capacity of blood. In the present system, only a negligible amount of NO2 was produced.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

[Inhalation therapy for bronchial asthma. A. Bronchodilator--beta 2-stimulant].

In the treatment of bronchial asthma, usefulness of beta 2-agonists aerosol inhalation are emphasized as well as sustained theophylline tablets recently. In this study, the effectiveness of procaterol metered dose inhalor on asthmatic patients were examined compared with procaterol tables. The effect of procaterol inhalor together with sustained-theophylline on Holter ECG were also examined. When procaterol was exchanged to inhalation from tablets, 41% of the patients were improved symptomatically. Procaterol inhalor had no effect on Holter ECG. Procaterol inhalation regularly was expected to be more useful in treating asthmatic patients than tablets.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed2001

Inhalation therapy during mechanical ventilation.

An increasing number of pharmacologic agents, including bronchodilators, prostaglandin, proteins, surfactant, mucolytics, and antibiotics are administered to mechanically ventilated patients by the inhalation route. To achieve a therapeutic effect, adequate amounts of an inhaled agent must be delivered to the desired site of action. The delivery of inhaled drugs to the lower respiratory tract of mechanically ventilated patients is complicated by deposition of the aerosol particles in the ventilator circuit and endotracheal tube, and the factors governing pulmonary deposition in mechanically ventilated patients are different from those in ambulatory patients. Meticulous adherence to several steps in the technique of aerosol administration is necessary for successful aerosol therapy in mechanically ventilated patients. With a proper technique of administration, an increasing number of inhaled drugs may be administered safely, conveniently, and effectively to mechanically ventilated patients.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1998

[What dosage is sufficient in combined inhalation therapy (fenoterol + ipratropium bromide) in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease?].

The authors compared in a prospective study the bronchodilatating and undesirable effects of combined inhalation treatment (phenoterol + ipratropium bromide) in the treatment of patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, using different dosages. The patients were divided at random into two groups--group one inhaled berodual sol 3.5 ml/day (i.e. 1.75 mg phenoteroli + 0.875 mg ipratropii bromidium), the second group had a dose of double size. During the trial the authors monitored the peak expiration rate, the heart and respiration rate, blood gases and the subjective state of dyspnoea, using a 10 cm line. By comparison of bronchodilatating and undesirable effects they reached the conclusion that a daily dose of 3.5 ml berodual sol. is sufficiently effective. Increasing the daily dose to 7 ml did not produce a greater therapeutic effect nor increase the risk of undesirable effects.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed2000

[Nitric oxide inhalation therapy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. A retrospective analysis].

Acute lung injury in the form of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) continues to carry a high mortality. Recently, inhaled nitric oxide (NO) has been used in ARDS patients with severe hypoxaemia. We present a retrospective analysis concerning 33 ARDS patients treated with inhaled NO during a period of four years from 1994 to 1998. Patients were young, mean 43 years, had poor oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2 index 67 mmHG) and a lung injury score above 2.5. Eighty-two percent responded immediately to NO, 9% at a later challenge and 9% were non-responders. Mortality for the whole group was 67% and to be expected considering the severity of disease. For the group of patients with ARDS as a complication of pneumonia mortality was only 40%. In one patient therapy had to be stopped due to formation of NO2 even at very low concentrations of inhaled NO. We conclude that inhaled NO is effective in improving oxygenation in patients with ARDS. The study does not allow us to conclude anything about mortality, which was probably unchanged by this novel therapy.

Acute Disease↗