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PubMed1978

[Chromosome anomalies among newborn infants in Lithuania].

Cytogenetic investigation has been carried out in 4032 newborn infants, 31 of which are found to have karyotype anomalies, which makes 7.7 per 1000 births. The frequency of anomalies in the system of sex chromosomes is 3.2 per 1000. This index is 4.9 per 1000 males, and 1.5 per 1000 females. The frequency of the main types of anomalies turned out to be: XXY--3.0 per 1000 males, XYY--1.0 per 1000 males, XXX--1.0 per 1000 females. The frequency of trisomies of autosomes is 2.0 per 1000 births, trisomy 21 being the main type among them (1.7 per 1000 births). The frequency of structural rearrangements of autosomes is 2.5 per 1000 births, Robertsonian translocations being 1.2 per 1000, reciprocal translocations--1.0 per 1000, and others--0.2 per 1000. The ratio of familial and sporadic mutants was found to be 50%: 50%. Sixty per cent of structural rearrangements are balanced ones, and their carriers does not show any noticeable phenotypic distortions.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Denmark supports nursing education in Lithuania.

Since 1993 the Danish Nurses' Organization (DNO) has been helping Lithuanian nurses to develop a new nursing curriculum and regulatory system. Lise Kaalund-Jorgensen, DNO's project coordinator, reports on the progress.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1994

Human mitochondrial DNA variation in Lithuania.

Variation in mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) was studied in a population sample of 154 Lithuanians after cleavage with 15 different restriction endonucleases and probing with cat mt-DNA. Polymorphic variations were found with 8 restriction endonucleases. The most frequent mt-DNA cleavage patterns (morphs) were HpaI-2 (98.7%), BamHI-1 (94.8%), HaeII-1 (91.0%), MspI-1 (99.3%), AvaII-1 (86.4%), and HincII-2 (99.4%). The morph HaeII-12 previously described in Finns was found in two Lithuanians. Altogether 16 mt-DNA types were observed in the Lithuanian population. Type 1 was the most common one (81.2%), type 6 less and type 21 more frequent than in other populations. Lithuanians have high index of homogeneity (F = 0.663) compared to other Caucasoid populations. However, there appeared to be some differences between the two main ethnic groups, Aukstaiciai (Highlanders) and Zemaiciai (Lowlanders) with respect to the distribution of mt-DNA types. Measurements of genetic distance based on mt-DNA types were small between Lithuanians and Finns and increased gradually in comparison between Lithuanians and Mediterranean populations, Asiatic Mongoloids and African Blacks, respectively.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗