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PubMed2001

Armed services vocational aptitude battery predictors of entry-level radiography students' success.

This study assessed the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) predictors of student success in the diagnostic imaging course at the Air Force's School of Health Care Sciences. Regression analyses provided two significant predictors (p < 0.05) of student success as identified by final grade. Those predictors were the mechanical and electronics scores on the ASVAB. Also, both scores were significantly different (p < 0.05) among those who passed, washed back (passed but required excess time), and disenrolled. Because a significant number of individuals take the ASVAB, entry-level radiography programs should consider using these predictors for admissions decisions.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Defense, attack, and street fighting. The role of medicine and military illustrated the example of the cholera epidemics in Prussia].

This article intends to illustrate the introduction of military rhetoric into medical discourse during the cholera epidemic of 1831/32 in Europe. Even before the era of bacteriology, illness and epidemics were considered to be the military enemies of mankind. Beginning with the rise of the military in early modern times, the language of medical discourses oriented itself on the influential military institutions. Sickness appeared as a warring aggressor. Since the time of the plague at the very latest, military connotations were commonplace in Europe, and this tendency became stronger during the conflicts of the 19th century. In this vein, during the inner crises of Germany at the end of this century, cholera was, at least in the descriptive rhetoric, understood as an inner, destructive, and anarchic enemy.

Cholera↗
PubMed2001

Recreational scuba divers' aversion to low-frequency underwater sound.

Increasing use of active low-frequency sonar by submarines and ships raises the risk of accidental exposure of recreational divers to low-frequency underwater sound (LFS). This study aimed to characterize the subjective responses of recreational scuba divers to LFS to ascertain the extent to which LFS may impact their enjoyment, comfort, or time spent underwater. Seventeen male and nine female recreational scuba divers participated. Diving was conducted in an acoustically transparent tank located within a larger anechoic pool. Subjects wore scuba gear and were positioned I m below the surface in a prone position. The sound transducer was located 4 m directly below the diver's head. Sound exposures consisted of three signal types (pure tone, 30 Hz hyperbolic sweep up, and 30 Hz hyperbolic sweep down) each presented at six center frequencies from 100 to 500 Hz and six sound pressure levels(SPL) ranging from 130 to 157 dB re 1 microPa. The duration of each sound exposure was 7 s. Subjects responded via an underwater console to rate aversion to LFS on a category-ratio scale, and to indicate the presence or absence of vibration of any body part. Aversion to LFS and the percent incidence of vibration increased as the SPL increased. The percent incidence of vibration decreased linearly with increasing frequency. At the highest SPL the probability that an aversion rating would exceed Very Severe (7 on the category-ratio scale) was predicted to be 19%. There was no significant difference in aversion among signal types. The 100 Hz frequency was the most aversive frequency (P < 0.05). A plot of aversion vs. frequency showed a U-shaped function with minimum aversion at 250 Hz. In conclusion, diver aversion to LFS is dependent upon SPL and center frequency. The highest aversion rating was given for 100 Hz, this frequency corresponded with the greatest probability of detecting vibration. Factors other than vibration seem to account for aversion to the highest frequencies. Our data suggest that LFS exposures up to 145 dB re 1 microPa at frequencies between 100 and 500 Hz will have minimal impact on the recreational diver.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The Department of Defense chemical and biological defense program: where we are going.

This article provides an overview of the Department of Defense (DoD) Chemical and Biological Defense Program (CBDP). This article highlights the mission and objectives of the DoD CBDP, the general capabilities of systems and technologies being developed or employed to defend U.S. forces against the threat of chemical and biological warfare agents, and improvements made in defensive systems in the years since Operation Desert Storm.

Biological Warfare↗
PubMed2002

Teaching military medicine: enhancing military relevance within the fabric of current medical training.

The education of military medical students and house officers in military-relevant curricular elements is increasingly important given the greater frequency with which military physicians are deployed to field and operational settings. However, the common approaches of either expanded didactic sessions or implementation of operational rotations for trainees face competition from instruction in other aspects of medicine that are essential for all (military as well as nonmilitary) physicians. We describe efforts to integrate military-relevant education within the existing framework of medical education, including current inpatient and ambulatory care rotations. This approach complements the formal, didactic syllabus, avoiding potential conflict engendered by eliminating curricular elements to accommodate military-unique subjects.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2002

The evolution of a health hazard assessment database management system for military weapons, equipment, and materiel.

During the 1970s, the Army health hazard assessment (HHA) process developed as a medical program to minimize hazards in military materiel during the development process. The HHA Program characterizes health hazards that soldiers and civilians may encounter as they interact with military weapons and equipment. Thus, it is a resource for medical planners and advisors to use that can identify and estimate potential hazards that soldiers may encounter as they train and conduct missions. The U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine administers the program, which is integrated with the Army's Manpower and Personnel Integration program. As the HHA Program has matured, an electronic database has been developed to record and monitor the health hazards associated with military equipment and systems. The current database tracks the results of HHAs and provides reporting designed to assist the HHA Program manager in daily activities.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed2002

[Review on fragmentary volume of original block - printed edition of Nan jing ben yi (Gist of the Classic of Questioning)].

Nan jing ben yi (Gist of the Classic of Questioning) was written by Hua Shou of the Yuan dynasty. The extant first volume of the original block - printed edition, revised by Lü Fu, was collected in the Library of China Academy of Military Medical Science. There is a preface written by Jie Hong, a Director Ministry of Techndogy in 1366 at the front of this volume. The red seal in the first page showed that it had been collected by Yun Xiang, Pan Zuyin et al. It is highly possible that this volume is the only existing copy.

China↗