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PubMedDate not supplied

Settlement-funded tobacco control in Texas: 2000-2004 pilot project effects on cigarette smoking.

Because settlement proceeds allocated for tobacco control in Texas are insufficient for statewide activity at federally recommended funding levels, the Texas Department of State Health Services has used the available funds in quasi-experimental pilot studies in which varying amounts of support are provided for selected parts of the state. Trends in tobacco use were measured in telephone surveys of 7,998 (2000), 5,150 (2002), and 5,721 (2004) adults. Prevalence of cigarette smoking declined by almost one-third in the pilot area where comprehensive and sustained pilot activities to reduce tobacco use were organized at close to the federally recommended funding level. Significantly smaller reductions were observed in other parts of the state. In the group with the highest use, white non-Hispanic men, cigarette consumption declined by half in the pilot area. It is reasonable to expect similar reductions in tobacco use if funds are provided for statewide expansion of the pilot activities.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Management of chronic heart failure: clinical features and resource utilization among patients managed by the general practitioner. Pilot project in the province of Udine (Italy)].

RATIONALE: In the management of heart failure the general practitioner (GP) plays an important role. However, international studies proved that the GP differs in the management of these patients from the cardiologist. This pilot study aims at investigating if such differences persist in the Italian community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy patients with heart failure have been enrolled prospectively by 10 GPs in the Udine district (ASL 4). All of them have been evaluated at the first and subsequent visits, both with respect to clinical and instrumental parameters, overall resource consumption and quality of life. RESULTS: We observed a high degree of heterogeneity in the follow up patterns; a low coordination between GP and cardiologists in managing patients; several co-morbidities; high social burden; a good adherence to treatment guidelines; a moderate workload, subjectively evaluated from the GP. CONCLUSIONS: This experience motivated the need of further research in the field, and, from the point of view of the daily practice, the need of integrating hospital and community management of patients with heart failure.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

European Practice Database: comparative results of the year 1 pilot project.

The European Practice Database (EPD) project, developed by the Research Board (RB) of EDTNA/ERCA, intended to collect data on renal practice at centre level in different European countries. During the pilot phase of the project (2002-2003), Czech Republic, Italy (North East) and England (North) participated with two thirds of all their eligible dialysis centres. Comparative results presented in this paper focus on centre size and patient characteristics, peritoneal and haemodialysis techniques, transplantation, infection control and the employment of technicians, dietitians and social workers in dialysis centres. At centre level, EPD results will enable in-depth evaluation of personal practice. International comparison of the results will stimulate further research and the development of new guidelines.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed2002

Responding to inpatient violence at a psychiatric hospital of special security: a pilot project.

Within secure psychiatric hospitals, staff have to manage many difficult and challenging situations. Crichton (1997) suggested that when staff perceive a greater degree of responsibility on patients for their actions there is a particularly morally censorious response. The aim of this pilot study was to discover if this association, discovered using a hypothetical scenario, was also present in how nursing staff respond to real violent patient behaviour. Over a five week period all episodes of inter-personal violence in a hospital with special security were identified and those involved interviewed. Thirty-one episodes of inter-personal violence were identified. A disproportionate number were caused by female patients and patients detained under civil sections of mental health legislation. A personality disorder diagnosis and the staff belief that mental disorder did not reduce the individual patient's blame for the incident were associated with the response of a restrictive sanction (both cases p < 0.01).

Attitude of Health Personnel↗