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PubMed1982

Degradation studies on sulphacetamide eye-drops. Part 2: Spectrophotometric evaluation of decomposition products of UV-irradiated solutions of sulphacetamide.

Multicomponent spectrophotometric assay methods have been used for quantitative determination of major photodecomposition products of sulphacetamide solutions. The reproducibility of the assay method lie within 4% of error. The hydrolysis of sulphacetamide to sulphanilamide and the oxidation of sulphanilamide to a blue product is a first-order reaction while the formation of azo dye from sulphanilamide is found to be a second-order reaction. A general scheme of photodegration pathways for sulphacetamide and sulphanilamide is presented.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1978

[Results of research on the microflora of the conjunctiva with either chemotherapeutically pretreated eyes or eyes not influenced by drugs concerning the question of the preoperative prophylaxis against infections (author's transl)].

In this study the results of 396 smears of conjunctiva are analysed concerning the microflora of chemotherapeutically pretreated eyes in comparison with eyes not treated. The results of microbiological culture indicate only a small statistically unsignificant difference in regard to the quantitity of sterile smears as well as the distribution of bacteria of both research groups. The discussion is on the question of unaimed preoperative prophylaxis of infection as conditio sine qua non before intraocular procedures on eyes free of phlogistic irritation.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1978

Spectrophotometric determination of chloramphenicol-sulphacetamide in eye drops.

A rapid method for the determination of chloramphenicol in chloramphenicol-sulphacetamide drops is discussed. The method depends upon precipitating sulphacetamide as its silver salt by a solution of silver nitrate. Chloramphenicol is determined in the filtrate using the modified Vierordt's method. Sulphacetamide was determined by suitably diluting the drops with 0.01 N H2SO4 and then applying the modified Vierordt's method. The presence of macrogols proved not to interfere with the determination. Mean percentage recoveries +/- s.d. for chloramphenicol and sulphacetamide were found to be 100.8 +/- 0.95 and 100.2 +/- 1.0, respectively.

Chloramphenicol↗
PubMed1976

Inclusion blennorrhea: a case report.

The case described here represents the first laboratory-confirmed case of inclusion blennorrhea at the Mayo Clinic since laboratory isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis was instituted in 1974. Treatment with a sulfonamide preparation proved effective. Further aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of inclusion blennorrhea are discussed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1976

Ophthalmia neonatorum: a chart review.

Cases of ophthalmia neonatorum diagnosed at Grady Memorial Hospital 1967-1973 were reviewed. Of 302 cases 43 could be diagnosed as gonococcal, 86 chlamydial, 3 gonococcal and chlamydial, 31 staphylococcal, and 5 chemical. Silver nitrate prophylaxis was routinely employed. Gonococcal cases peaked during the third quarter of the year and chlamydial during the fourth quarter. Gonococcal cases were associated with a longer duration of ruptured fetal membranes. Definitive etiologic diagnosis could not be estalished on clinical grounds alone. Chlamydial ophthalmia was more common among black babies but other forms of ophthalmia were equally distributed with respect to race. The risk of gonococcal ophthalmia developing in an infant born to an infected mother was less than 2% if Credé prophylaxis is used. Therapy with topically applied sulfonamides was effective against chlamydial ophthalmia. Therapy with parenterally administered penicillin and topically applied antibiotics was effective against gonococcal ophthalmia.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1996

[Ion exchange interactions on silica gel in thin-layer chromatography. IV. Plate investigations by UV spectroscopy].

The properties of silica gel as stationary phase are determined mainly by siloxane, silanol and metal-silanate functional groups. The metals (Na, Ca etc.) getting into the product as trace elements in the course of manufacture may cause the appearance of artefacts. In our previous studies the ion exchange interactions between salt-type analytes and silanol or metal-silanate groups were investigated. It was found in the TLC test of the salts of organic acids and N-bases that the acids and bases are separated from their counter ions and accept protons from or donate to the silica gel layer. In the present paper several analytes of above type have been investigated in situ by remission spectroscopy. These are: phenobarbital, sulfinpyrazone, sulfucetamide, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, (and their Na-salts) and papaverine hydrochloride. Remission spectra were registered from the start spot directly after application and then from the spot after development with the CHCl3EtOH (9 + 1) mobile phase. Based on the difference between the remission spectra of protonated and deprotonated forms of the analytes, the deviations from the initial state could be established. On the basis of the shift of lambda max values one can conclude to the approximate ratio of the protonated (acid) and deprotonated (anion, base) form present in the examined points (middle or edge) of the chromatographic spot. Significantly different protonation states of the analytes were found in the start spots and in the developed spots. These findings are interpreted by the ion exchange interactions between the pharmacon and silica gel. The results provide a deeper insight into the mechanisms of TLC process.

Benzoates↗