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PubMed1990

Pelvic inclination and spatial orientation of the acetabulum. A radiographic, computed tomographic and clinical investigation.

In a study of 40 young adults the pelvic inclination measured by a specially constructed inclinometer was found to be the same in the supine and standing positions when related to the horizontal and frontal planes, respectively. Consequently supine CT measurements of the hip are also representative of corresponding standing angles. The variations of the acetabular anterversion and the sector angles on CT of the hips in 5 adult corpses were measured by angulating the gantry in increments of 5 degrees to +/- 20 degrees. An approximate linear relationship was found for all parameters, the acetabular anteversion varied 0.5 degree with 1 degree pelvic rotation, and the sector angles 0.7 degree. A theoretic mathematical model for the variation of the acetabular anteversion outside the measured range employing a sine curve is introduced.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1989

[The biostatics of the human sacrum: is there a relationship between the sacral inclination and the spatial orientation of the upper articular process of the sacral plate?].

The orientation of the superior articular processes with regard to the upper end-plate of the sacrum does not depend on the inclination of the sacrum. This assertion can be made by interpreting certain angles already described in literature and may be confirmed by a research following strict biomechanic principles: The orientation of the articular processes is put in relation to the direction of the forward shear brought upon by the Vth lumbar vertebra and caused by the inclination of the sacrum. This is achieved by measuring the angle between the articular facet and a plane normal to the mentioned forward shear. The result is that the size of this angle does not at all depend on the degree of the inclination of the sacrum.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Spatial orientation of the structures of the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata to the vessels of the crus and small intestine].

In acute experiments of 22 cats with simultaneous perfusion of the crus and small intestine's vessels, the neurocytes affecting the neurogenic tone of the vessels were found 2 mm caudal of the middle of exposure of the n. n. hypoglossi roots and 6 mm rostral of this level, the depth being 1000-2000-3000 mu ventral of the medulla oblongata surface. Cerebral structures situated at the level of the middle of exposure of the n. n. hypoglossi roots, 2-4-6 mm rostral of this level, at the depth 1000-2000-3000 mu and stimulation of which increases regional vascular resistance, are called pressor ones. Electrical activity of the neurocytes situated 2 mm caudal of the middle of exposure of the n. n. hypoglossi roots, at the depth 1000-2000-3000 mu, mostly decreases neurogenic tone of the organ vessels (depressor area). Proportional dependence of the vasoconstrictor response of the vessels on the stimulation intensity was only found in activation of neurons in the points of pressor area. A greater increase (1.5-fold) of perfusion pressure in the crus vessels as compared with the small intestine's those in stimulation of comparable points of the pressor area suggests different density of distribution of the neurons affecting neurogenic tone of the crus and small intestine's vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Determination of the spatial orientation of screwed acetabular rings].

The authors use a type of total hip prosthesis with a screwed acetabular component. They have established a method of radiological assessment of the anteversion of this component by studying the radiological appearances of the threads of the screws in the acetabular component which have either a sharp or smooth appearance, according to its orientation.

Acetabulum↗