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At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

A programming language and a system for automated time- and laboratory test level dependent decision-making during patient monitoring.

A programming language specifically designed for automated time-dependent decision-making during patient monitoring (obtaining test requests, scheduling of test requests, cancelling of test requests, the issuing of messages to clinician or laboratory) has been developed. The output from a program written in this language is a set of decision rules in tabular form (a patient type), intended to solve a specific problem related to patient monitoring. A system for automated decision-making based on this language utilizes a file of patient types and a patient file. Whenever a new patient record is created, the patient's type is defined and the corresponding patient type is copied from the patient type file and linked to the patient's record. The system is activated, i.e., the decision rules are implemented and the tables of the patient's type updated, when laboratory results are available, when a clinician wants to order tests, and at regular user-defined intervals.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1979

Clinical laboratory evaluation of automated microbial detection/identification system in analysis of clinical urine specimens.

More than 4,000 clinical urine specimens were evaluated with an automated microbial detection/identification system compared to a standarized manual analysis and the routine modalities used in five peer-group laboratories. The comparison indicates that the automated system recognizes the nine groups of significant microorganisms in urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients with the same efficiency as a standarized manual method. The automated system's ability to enumerate the bacterial populations in the original clinical specimen attained a high degree of accuracy.

Automation↗
PubMed2004

In situ hybridization in the pathology laboratory: general principles, automation, and emerging research applications for tissue-based studies of gene expression.

Diagnostic anatomic pathologists play an important role in the care of patients through their careful evaluation of morphological features in routinely prepared histological sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Morphological assessment of tissue sections, backed by over one hundred years of experience is powerful and allows for the accurate classification and diagnosis of the majority of disease states within pathologically altered tissues. However, the appearance of cells and their architectural arrangement within a morphologically complex tissue represents only a fraction of the information, which is contained within a histological section. These tissues also contain all of the cellular proteins and expressed genes, which help to ultimately determine the biological behavior of cells, as well as provide clues to the origins and pathogenesis of disease states. Technical and theoretical advances in our understanding of cellular biology have provided pathologists with powerful tools to probe beyond pure morphology into the abnormalities in both protein and gene expression that underlie human disease. These tools, which include immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, are playing an increasingly important role in diagnostic pathology, as well as in translational research. This review will focus on the emerging role of in situ hybridization within clinical and research laboratories, and will highlight a number of technical advances that have expanded the application of this technology.

Automation↗
PubMed2004

Blood culture examinations at a community hospital without a microbiology laboratory: using an automated blood culture system and performing a Gram stain on positive culture bottles in the institution.

To elucidate the existence of microorganisms from blood culture bottles in hospitals without a microbiology laboratory, we changed the system of blood culture examinations. The Oxoid signal blood culture system and submission of all blood cultures to the clinical testing industry was used from July 2002 to December 2002 (first period). Use of the BacT/Alert system and performing of Gram stain for positive culture bottles in our institutions was conducted from January 2003 to June 2003 (latter period). A total of 210 and 193 blood cultures were processed during the first and latter periods, respectively. There were 40 (19.0%) positive cultures in the first period and 32 (16.6%) positive cultures in the latter period. The times from the specimen collection to the Gram stain result that were required were 3.8 and 1.0 days in the first period and the latter period, respectively. The times required for the final report of the blood cultures in the first period and in the latter period were 5.8 and 4.9 days, respectively. We conclude that using a continuous monitoring, automated blood culture system and performing Gram stain for positive culture bottles in institutions without microbiology laboratories may be useful for medical doctors to rapidly determine the existence of microorganisms and to begin adequate antiinfective therapy.

Automation↗