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PubMed2002

Densitometric study of human developing dry bones: a review.

In this article we describe the use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technique in the study of fetal and infant bone development. In particular, we review the results of densitometric studies on human developing dry bones such as spine, femur, and mandible; these data are compared with the results obtained with other methods used in the past. In particular DXA technique applied in dry is able to detect the first appearances of the ossification centers; show individual variability of bone mineral density yet during the prenatal life; and determine the correlation between bone mineral density and the variation of mechanical loading.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1991

The expression of the Ig H chain repertoire in developing bone marrow B lineage cells.

Analyses of rearranged Ig H chain V region genes of bone marrow pre-B cells demonstrate extensive sequence diversity, particularly within the third hypervariable region (HCDR3). This diversity is constrained, however, through preferential utilization of certain D gene segments and possibly VH gene segments and a preponderance of productive rearrangements, primarily those expressing D gene segments in a preferred reading frame. The predominance of productively rearranged V genes with D regions translated in a preferred frame, is, at least in part, the consequence of selective clonal expansion encompassing at least five to six divisions subsequent to VH-D-JH rearrangement. Selection for clonal expansion appears to be dependent on recognition of the nascent H chain product of certain productively rearranged genes.

Antibody Diversity↗
PubMed1991

[A case of lymphoma which developed bone, liver, and skin lesions two years after the diagnosis of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia].

We reported a case of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) in 1985. The patient, a 37-year-old housewife, had suffered from cough and dyspnea. Her chest roentgenograms revealed bilateral diffuse micronodular shadows. After open lung biopsy in 1983, the lesion was interpreted as LIP in the premalignant state. After pulse therapy her condition remarkably improved. She was readmitted because of fever and shoulder pain in 1985. X-ray films revealed punched out lesions on the extremities. As liver dysfunction and skin eruptions had been recognized to wax and wane since the first admission, transcutaneous liver biopsy and skin biopsy was done. The diagnosis was middle- to large-sized T cell lymphoma. CHOP therapy seemed effective. However there appeared dyspnea and cotton-like patchy shadows in both lung fields. Despite chemotherapy, she died of pulmonary fungal and cytomegaloviral infection in 1986. As a result of the reevaluation of the open lung biopsy specimen, we concluded that this case should have been considered as lymphoma at onset.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

In vitro systems for inducers of cartilage and bone development.

Murine condylar cartilages of perinatal mice were cultured in the form of organ or tissue cultures on top of collagen sponges in medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. Cultures were treated with increasing concentrations of recombinant human growth hormone, recombinant IGF-I, insulin, TGF beta-1, FGF and recombinant fragments of human parathyroid hormone. All the above agents [except for the fragments rPTH (28-48) and (53-84)] were found to be mitogenic as they accelerated the proliferative activity of the condylar stem cells. IGF-I and insulin also stimulated the synthesis of cartilage proteoglycans. Growth hormone also supported de novo osteogenesis in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Natural history of cancer of the breast. Probability of developing bone metastases].

The incidence of bone metastases in 448 patients with breast cancer was evaluated. 374 out of 448 cases showed negative bone scan at initial clinical staging and were followed up during a period of at least 5 years with serial bone scans. The results of bone scans were compared on the basis of clinical stage (according to the International UICC classification), of lymph node involvement (groups N0, N + ) and of complementary therapy after surgery (radiotherapy v/s hormone-chemotherapy). Cumulative probability of bone metastases in breast cancer showed a linear trend with annual mean rate of 5% (1st yr 2%; 2nd yr 8%; 3rd yr 15%; 4th yr 22%; 5th yr 29%; 10th yr 59%). Statistical analysis in different clinical stages showed mild difference not statistically significant, neither in lymph node involvement (NO v/s N + ) nor in complementary therapy (radiotherapy v/s hormone-chemotherapy).

Bone Neoplasms↗