PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Chorionic Villi”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The distinction between arylsulphatases in chorionic villi.

The relatively high activity of arylsulphatase C (ASC) in the placenta is a potential risk for the misdiagnosis of arylsulphatase A (ASA) or arylsulphatase B (ASB) deficiency in chorionic villus sampling when assayed by synthetic substrates. A clear distinction between these enzymes can be achieved in either the direct villi or the cultured villi cells. Interestingly, the activity of ASC differed significantly in cultured villi cells when prepared by two different methods, namely, minced villi versus treatment with trypsin and collagenase, while ASA and ASB were not affected by these treatments. Whether ASC was directly affected by one of these treatments or whether a selection of cells with different ASC levels was achieved is not yet clear, but this phenomenon clearly indicates the importance of precise definition of CVS preparations to correlate with the enzyme activity data.

Arylsulfatases↗
PubMed1989

[Prenatal diagnosis of triploidy by transabdominal aspiration of chorionic villi].

A case of triploidy identified in second trimester fetal diagnosis is presented. Cytogenetic study was undertaken in chorionic willi obtained by transabdominal placentocentesis. The diagnosis was confirmed by cytogenetic analysis of cultured amniotic fluid cells. The observation was revealed within a programme of combined ultrasound and cytogenetic prenatal monitoring, in association with maternal age. The fetus aborted at 23 weeks of pregnancy was abnormal, including congenital malformations and hypoplasia of internal organs and placenta.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Direct fetal chromosome studies from chorionic villi.

An easy and reproducible technique for direct fetal chromosome analysis after chorionic biopsy is described. Very high colchicine concentration and rehydratation of the fixed villi are the two original points of this method.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

[Chorionic villi sampling: experience of the initial 500 samples].

We report our experience in first trimester antenatal diagnosis since 1984. Transcervical chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed in 498 pregnancies. The rate of abnormal pregnancies was 6%, the rate of chromosomal abnormalities (trisomy) in the indication group "maternal age" was 2%. The fetal loss rate (until 28 weeks) was 3.4% (17 cases), the procedure related loss plus the background loss was 2.4% (12 cases). For 92.8% of the patients a diagnosis was available after 1 CVS procedure. Ultimately an antenatal diagnosis was given to 99% of the women through a second CVS procedure or an amniocentesis or a cordocentesis. No maternal complication was observed.

Chorionic Villi Sampling↗
PubMed1993

Unusual segregation for 11q;22q parental translocation in a triplet pregnancy: prenatal diagnosis in chorionic villi and amniotic fluid.

The prenatal diagnosis of an 11q;22q translocation in a triplet pregnancy detected at the time of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) because of advanced maternal age is reported. Karyotypes obtained from two apparently different CV samples showed the balanced form of translocation, while the one obtained from a third empty sac showed the unbalanced form: 46,XX,-22,+der(22)t(11;22). Second-trimester amniocentesis confirmed the balanced translocation in one of the two viable fetuses and a normal karyotype in the other. The detected karyotypes derived from two different types of meiotic segregation, alternate and adjacent 1. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an unbalanced karyotype not due to a 3:1 meiotic segregation of this specific translocation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Lysosomal enzyme activities in fresh and frozen chorionic villi and in cultured trophoblasts.

Fifteen lysosomal enzyme activities were compared in 14 presumed normal chorionic villus specimens that were each divided, processed and analyzed as fresh tissue, tissue frozen for 1 week, and cultures established from minced whole villi. Most of the activities determined in the chorionic villus tissue were not affected significantly by freezing. However, activities for most enzymes were significantly different from those determined in the cultured cells. Our experience with first trimester prenatal evaluations for several lysosomal disorders showed that the limited amount of tissue obtained is not always sufficient for thorough analysis and thus, cultured trophoblasts derived from the tissue specimen should also be examined. The results of this study stress the importance of using appropriate tissue-type and cell-type controls to establish the normal range in the respective analyses.

Arylsulfatases↗
PubMed2002

ED(27) trophoblast-like cells isolated from first-trimester chorionic villi are genetically identical to HeLa cells yet exhibit a distinct phenotype.

ED(27) trophoblast-like cells were prepared from human chorionic villus samples obtained at 9 weeks gestation and have been grown continuously in vitro without phenotypic drift for nearly a decade. These cells express many trophoblast markers, including cytokeratin, placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), secretion of 17beta-estradiol, and a microvillous apical surface. The ED(27) cell line is a useful model system for studies of placental cell biology and has been distributed to laboratories world-wide. However, experiments to investigate their relationship to primary villous cytotrophoblast have shown that these cells do not secrete detectable amounts of human chorionic gonadotropin in culture and, when digested with trypsin, disperse into individual cells. Furthermore, immunocytochemical studies demonstrated that, unlike villous cytotrophoblasts, ED(27) cells were immunoreactive with monoclonal antibodies recognizing some HLA Class I antigens. This was not HLA-G, however, as would be expected if these cells originated from extravillous cytotrophoblasts, but rather classical HLA-A, B which is thought not to be expressed by any trophoblast subpopulations. These inconsistencies prompted us to question the authenticity of the continuous cell line as it now exists. Genetic haplotype analysis using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that ED(27) was genetically identically to the HeLa cell line. Inasmuch as HeLa cells have never been grown in the laboratory (DAK), the only possible origin of HeLa cell contamination of ED(27) cells was the WISH cell line, and further PCR analysis revealed that this cell line was also genetically identical to HeLa. Like ED(27) cells, HeLa cells and WISH cells synthesized small amounts of estrogen and were found to express PLAP and antigens recognized by the monoclonal antibodies ED822, directed against the syncytiotrophoblast, and J1B5 directed against villous cytotrophoblast. These results point out the need for adherence to rigorous and consistent quality control measures to assure the authenticity of cell lines used as in vitro model systems.

Adult↗