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PubMed2004

Not less but different: psychotropic drug utilization trends in Norwegian nursing homes during a 12-year period. The Bergen District Nursing Home (BEDNURS) Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The use of psychotropic drugs in nursing homes is generally considered to be inappropriately high. The aim of the present survey was to compare psychotropic drug use in nursing homes (NHs) in 1985 relative to 1996/97, and to explore predictors for this drug use. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Mental capacity was assessed by means of the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR), and behavior registered by trained nurses. Scheduled, daily use of psychotropic drugs among long-term care residents in 1985 (N=1247) and 1996/97 (N=1035) was recorded. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression analyses were applied to establish predictors for psychoactive drug use. RESULTS: From 1985 to 1996/97, the proportion of residents using any psychotropic drug increased from 52 to 57%. Antipsychotic drug use decreased from 33 to 22%, while anxiolytics increased from 11 to 16%, hypnotics from 11 to 14%, and antidepressants from 12 to 31%. Psychotropic drug use was predominantly associated with behavioral symptoms and not with mental impairment. Concurrent use of two or more psychotropic drugs increased from 23 to 32% of all psychotropic users. CONCLUSIONS: During the study period, a substantial decline in the use of antipsychotics was observed, but a generally increased overall use of psychotropic drugs, particularly antidepressants. Psychotropic drug treatment was mainly associated with behavioral symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Users of antiasthma drugs in Iceland: a drug utilization study.

There has been an increasing consensus worldwide on how to treat asthma, and, simultaneously, an increase in the sales of antiasthma drugs. However, little is known about actual drug use, dosage, combinations of drugs, etc., or about the clinical characteristics of patients using these drugs. All individuals with prescriptions for antiasthma drugs, who came to Icelandic pharmacies during March 1994, were invited to participate. By means of questionnaires, the pharmacists recorded the age and gender of the patient, the specialty of the prescribing doctor, as well as the name of the drug, total amount prescribed, and dosage. The patients were asked to answer another questionnaire on their clinical diagnosis, usage of other antiasthma drugs, etc. The pharmacists registered 2,026 individuals, with 2,687 prescriptions: 1,574 for beta2-agonists, 838 for inhaled corticosteroids, 208 for theophylline, 48 for anticholinergic drugs, and 19 for cromoglycates. One thousand, three hundred and fifty one patients answered the questionnaires. The majority (67%) claimed to have asthma, 18% chronic bronchitis, 11% emphysema and 5% other diseases or symptoms. Among those aged > or = 16 yrs with asthma, 93% used beta2-agonists, 62% inhaled corticosteroids, 19% theophylline, and very few used other drugs. The most commonly used combination (57%) was beta2-agonists with inhaled corticosteroids. Thirty one per cent used beta2-agonists as monotherapy, and 5% used only inhaled corticosteroids. Theophylline was used mainly in combination with beta2-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids. In conclusion, our data suggest that two thirds of antiasthma drug users have asthma and that most are treated according to present guidelines. The use of inhaled corticosteroids, however, seems somewhat less than optimal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Problems in forecasting and its practical application in pharmacy and monitoring drug utilization].

The authors discuss problems of prognoses and their possible application in the health services, in particular in pharmacy and in prediction of drug consumption. The authors summarize the results of some investigations made along these lines. They emphasize the importance of prognostic activities from the aspect of organization and control as well as from the aspect of perspective plans.

Czechoslovakia↗