SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “ECHINOCOCCOSIS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

[Percutaneous puncture treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis under ultrasound guidance].

Introducing of the alternative PAIR (puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspiration) method for treatment of hepatic echinococcosis in practice dates from 1992 year. A Working group dealing with the problems and standardization of the method has been created by WHO. The major aspects of this treatment are summarized in the bulletin of WHO of 1996 year. On the last World Congress of Ultrasound, held in Florence, Italy in 1999 this method was reported as safe and effective treatment modality. The necessity for further prospective studies was also emphasized. The aim of the Working group for performing of PAIR, created at the Clinical Centre of Gastroenterology, University Hospital "Queen Joanna" in 1999 is to report the preliminary results and declare the possibilities for its application. Nine patients (6 males, 3 females) with 11 cysts (I, II and IIIa types after Gharbi) measured 3-9 cm were punctured and followed up for a 6 months period. 95% ethanol was used as protoscolicidal agent with concomitant preventive oral treatment with Mebendazole. No serious complications were observed. In all patients separation of the germinative membrane was verified. 2/5 cysts < 3.5 cm completely disappeared, 7/11 diminished their size without signs of vitality, while 2/11 remained vital. One ofe the cysts had a biliary communication which necessitated the injection of 20% NaCl instead of ethanol. The serological ritres significantly decreased in all patients. The risk of anaphylaxis and seeding is negligible while keeping the technique of PAIR precisely. The PAIR treatment of hepatic echinococcosis presents great progress with its safety, low risk and excellent therapeutic results.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Continuous long-term albendazole therapy in intraabdominal cystic echinococcosis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the therapeutic effects of long-term albendazole therapy in intraabdominal cystic echinococcosis. METHODS: Fifteen patients with a total of 45 cysts were treated with albendazole with dosage regimen of 20 mg.kg-1.d-1 for an average of 2.5 years. Repeated CT and ultrasound scannings (US) were performed after the end of therapy. The duration of follow-up was 3.6 years on average. The number, size and morphology of cysts were compared before and after treatment. RESULTS: The hydatid cysts were classified according to location and CT patterns into hepatic simple cysts, hepatic cysts with daughter cysts, hepatic/abdominal cysts and splenic cysts. The hepatic simple cysts responded most favorably to albendazole therapy, with an overall cure rate of 88.7%. The disappearance of cysts was observed in 43.0% of cases (15/35). Sixteen cysts (45.7%) became solidified or calcified, among which 8 cysts were completely calcified, 6 showed egg shell-like calcification of the cystic walls, and 2 showed solidification and calcification of cyst contents. Four patients had large hepatic cysts containing daughter cysts; the daughter cysts all disappeared after treatment, but one patient relapsed with the reappearance of daughter cysts at 4-year follow-up. Two splenic cysts also calcified. Two patients had peritoneal cysts; one calcified and the other one reduced in size. Among 15 patients treated, 9 were cured and 6 were improved. There was no serious toxic reactions with continuous long-term therapy in a small series of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous long-term albendazole treatment of intraabdominal cystic echinococcosis is safe and effective in the treatment of hepatic simple cysts, and some daughter cysts, peritoneal secondary cysts and splenic cysts. No serious toxic reactions were found.

Abdominal Abscess↗

PubMed2002

[Plasma technologies in surgery of pulmonary echinococcosis].

178 patients were operated over 18 years for pulmonary echinococcosis, 100 of them with standard methods, 78--with plasma technologies (surgical device SUPR-2M). Close echinococcectomy was performed in 22.5% patients, open--in 69.1%, combination of these operations--in 8.4% patients. Plasma technologies were used at pneumolysis, cysts section, antiparasitic treatment of residual cavities, fibrous capsule resection (pericystectomy) or cystpericystectomy, marginal resection of the lung with cyst, bronchotomy, sanation of pleural cavity, zone of operation and margins of operative wound. It is demonstrated that postoperative complications were seen in 34% patients operated by standard methods and in 8.9% patients operated with plasma technologies, lethal outcomes were in 2 (2%) and 1 (1.3%) patients, respectively. Plasma technologies permitted to reduce postoperative complications rate 3.8 times and postoperative treatment by 9.8 bed days or by 45.8%. Long-term results were studied in 61 (78.2%) operated patients followed from 1 month to 7 years, there were no recurrence of echinococcosis.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Prophylaxis of recurrent multiple echinococcosis of the liver in children].

The article presents an experience with treatment of 47 children aged from 3 to 14 with multiple echinococcosis of the liver. The authors have made a comparative analysis of the antiparasitic remedies and of a wide spectrum bactericidal solution of Betadin. The results of microscopic, histological and electron microscopic investigations have shown Betadin to be highly effective and harmless for the intraoperative prophylactics of recurrent echinococcosis. It is expedient to use Betadin for multiple echinococcal lesion of the liver in children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Clinico-laboratory and morphological parallels in hepatic echinococcosis].

The trial included 50 patients with hydatid echinococcosis of the liver and 5 control patients operated urgently for extrahepatic pathology. The patients underwent clinical and biochemical tests, ultrasound investigation of the liver. Structural and functional changes in the liver were analysed with reference to the stage of the echinococcal cyst. Morphological picture of the liver was studied by light microscopy, its functional picture--by activity of AsAT and AlAT in hepatic tissue. Morphological and biochemical tests were made on hepatic biopsies obtained from the pericystic and far from the cyst zones. The most severe histological changes affecting all structures of the liver were registered in the parasite's life cycles II and III. AsAT and AlAT changes in the liver were not related to the biological cycle of the parasite; echinococcal patients' liver contained them in lower concentrations than that of control subjects. Moreover, blood serum levels of AsAT and AlAT are higher than in liver tissue. Thus, growth of the echinococcal cyst in the liver is accompanied with marked morphofunctional disorders. This necessitates early detection and surgical treatment of hepatic echinococcosis. To prevent postoperative complications, adequate preoperative preparation and postoperative intensive treatment must be conducted.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

[Surgical treatment of suppurative hydatid echinococcosis of the liver].

Among 140 patients with hydatid echinococcosis of the liver complications were noted in 58 cases: suppuration of the cyst - in 38 (27.1%), cyst rupture in the anterior abdominal wall and abdominal cavity - in 4 (2.8%), in bile ducts - in 10 (7.1%), its rupture into the right lung lower lobe, calcification of the cyst was noted in 4 patients (2.8%). It is concluded that open echinococcotomy with partial excision of the fibrous capsule and drainage of the residual cavity with a rubber tube seem to be the most effective operation for suppurative echinococcosis of the liver.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Imaging diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis].

Alveolar echinococcosis, a parasitic disease caused in humans by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm is a rare disease in Poland There are about 16 officially registered cases and further 8 cases described before creation of the European Registration system. This disease still causes significant diagnostic difficulties. Presently available radiological imaging techniques which can be applied in the alveolar echinococcosis diagnosis are presented. Ultrasound, CT and MRI images of patient with recurrent liver alveococcosis are presented against the background of literature data.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: clinical report from an endemic region.

OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical management of alveolar echinococcosis. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis. SETTING: A university-affiliated hospital in Turkey. PATIENTS: Forty patients treated for alveolar echinococcosis between 1987 and 2000. INTERVENTIONS: Curative resection followed by chemotherapy, or medical palliation with chemotherapy only. Palliative procedures such as bilioenteric or external drainage were done for cholestatic jaundice and liver abscess. OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of medical and surgical treatment. RESULTS: Seventeen patients had a resectable tumour and all underwent curative resection. Of the other 23 patients with nonresectable tumour, 11 underwent palliative surgical procedures such as bilioenteric or external drainage for cholestatic jaundice or liver abscess. All patients received long-term albendazole therapy. Four patients with nonresectable tumour died because of chronic liver failure. In a 6.5-year follow-up, there was no recurrence in patients who underwent curative resection. The efficacy of chemotherapy is limited in nonresectable disease. CONCLUSIONS: To increase the rate of early detection and curative resection, screening programs are essential. Research on new chemotherapeutic approaches should be made to improve survival in patients with nonresectable disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Human cystic echinococcosis: diagnostic value of different antigenic fractions of hydatid cyst fluid with different specific immunoglobulin G subclasses by enzyme linked immunoelectrotransfer blot.

The present study intended to evaluate the usefulness of immunoblot analysis of hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) for diagnostic verification of human cystic echinococcosis (CE). HCF of camel origin was resolved by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis and transblotted on nitrocellulose membrane. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass-specific antibody responses in 25 sera from surgically confirmed CE cases, 44 persons with other parasitic infections and 20 normal controls were analyzed. Total IgG and IgG subclass1-4 in CE sera preferentially recognized several polypeptide bands in the range of 14-200 kDa. The most predominant band recognized by total IgG antibodies was at 21 kDa (sensitivity, 96%; specificity, 98.5%; J index, 94.5%), by IgG1 at 38 kDa (sensitivity, 92%; specificity, 100%; J index, 92%) and by IgG3 at 60 kDa (sensitivity, 96%; specificity, 100%; J index 96%). Sera from the normal controls did not recognize any of these polypeptides. These data suggest that detection of any of these polypeptides bands could be used for confirmation of human cystic echinococcosis in Egypt.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

An enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay for diagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis.

An enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) test was assessed for diagnosis of 47 pulmonary cystic echinococcosis (CE) cases admitted to Ain Shams University Hospitals for Surgery. Diagnosis of these cases was established on clinical examination, X-ray, sonography and indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test, which was negative in four cases (sensitivity 91.5%). Sera from patients with other parasitic infections, carcinomas or normal sera were used as controls. Human and Camel hydatid cyst fluids were used as antigens after separation and characterization of their antigenic components using 12.5% SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. Six molecular weight antigens with molecular masses approximately 7, 20, 28, 35 and 127 kDa were of diagnostic importance. They were strongly recognized by sera of all CE patients specially with camel hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) giving a 100% sensitivity to the EITB test. Sera of patients with other parasitic infections as well as carcinomas and normal control sera couldn't recognize any of the above antigens and therefore were negative for the test. This results in 100% specificity of the EITB test. These data support the concept that EITB using camel hydatid fluid is a good diagnostic test for cystic echinococcosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Continuous albendazole therapy in alveolar echinococcosis--evaluation of therapeutic effect with computerized tomography and ultrasonography].

Fifteen cases of alveolar echinococcosis were treated with albendazole in a dosage of 20 mg/kg/d x 30 days for 12-60 courses (25.8 courses in average) and were followed up 1-7 years (48 months in average) with computerized tomography and ultrasonography. Abdominal pain in all the cases, jaundice in 4 and hemoptysis in disappeared 2. In 13 of the 15 cases, the hepatic lesions reduced in size. Among 9 cases examined with computerized tomography, the hepatic lesions were completely calcified in 5 and enclosed with calcified walls in 3. Only one patient with huge and extensive hepatic lesions showed no apparent improvement. No severe adverse reaction was observed. Evidently albendazole was effective in the treatment of alveolar echinococcosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Cerebral alveolar echinococcosis. Apropos of a surgically-treated case. Review of the literature].

The authors present a case of a cerebral echinococcosis in a male farmer operated upon 9 and 6 years ago for pulmonary and hepatic localisations of Alveolar Echinococcosis. Cerebral lesions were diagnosed by CT scan and MRI and were totally removed. The follow-up was uneventful. A review of the literature revealed only eighteen previously reported surgical cases. The authors comment the epidemiology of this endemic parasitic disease, and the particular aspects of its cerebral localisation.

Brain Diseases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term albendazole treatment in one case of alveolar echinococcosis. Case report.

AIMS: Curative therapy of alveolar echinococcosis is total surgical removal of the infected tissue and concomitant chemotherapy. However, this curative resection can be done on a limited number of patients, for the remaining ones various palliative procedures can be performed. METHOD: In this article it is aimed to present the result of long-term albendazole treatment in patient who had a palliative hepatojejunostomy for obstructive jaundice due to unresectable alveolar echinococcosis. RESULTS: Systemic albendazole treatment was initiated in this patient after palliative hepatojejunostomy procedure. During follow up there was no abnormality in blood chemistry and a considerable regression in size of the lesion was found in postoperative month 24. Residual hepatic lesion was histopathologically documented and showed apparently non-viable parasitic cysts by biopsy. These findings suggest the long-term albendazole therapy being parasitocidal. CONCLUSIONS: Palliative or mass reduction surgery combined with long-term albendazole therapy is the standard therapy for advanced disease, especially when curative resection might result in significant morbidity and mortality.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Echinococcosis: disease, detection and transmission.

Echinococcosis is one of the world's most geographically widespread parasitic zoonoses, with transmission occurring in tropical, temperate and arctic biomes. Most human infections are due to Echinococcus granulosus transmitted between domestic dogs and livestock, but this cosmopolitan species also cycles between wild carnivores (principally canids) and wild ungulates. The other species with significant zoonotic potential is E. multilocularis that occurs naturally in fox definitive hosts and small mammal intermediate hosts. These two species cause human cystic or alveolar echinococcosis respectively, which may be considered serious public health problems in several regions including developed countries. This review provides an introductory overview to the Supplement and summarises the biology and epidemiology of these two related cestodes with an emphasis on applied aspects relating to detection, diagnosis and surveillance in animal and human populations, and includes aspects of transmission ecology, and also considers aspects of community epidemiology and potential for control.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[Ultrasonic examination in diagnosis of hydatid echinococcosis].

Out of 247 patients operated for suspected echinococcosis of the liver, 21 (8.5%) cases of non-parasitic diseases of the liver and other organs were revealed: non-parasitic cysts (7), hemangioma (4), abscesses (4), malignant tumors (3), hydronephrosis of the right kidney (2), polycystosis of the liver and right kidney (1). Analysis of echotomographic picture of cystic structures showed that combinations of symptoms did not correspond to echinococcus cyst. Interpretation of echotomographic symptoms in diagnosis of hydatid echinococcosis may lead to diagnostic mistake if location, size, form of cyst, pattern of complications and phase of vital activity of parasite were not taken into account. Results of ultrasound investigation (USI) is more important than data of serologic studies. It is necessary to perform poly-positioned USI for prevention of diagnostic mistakes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Surgical treatment of bronchobiliary fistulas due to complicated echinococcosis of the liver: case report and literature review.

Echinococcosis still remains a widespread disease associated with the development of a number of complications. The present study presents three patients, successfully treated surgically of bronchobiliary fistulas--in two of the patients the fistulas were due to complicated echinococcosis of the liver, and in the third patient the fistula was a result of a hepatic abscess which developed in a residual cavity after echinococcectomy. The patients were discharged from hospital in good health. The authors consider thoracophrenotomy to be the method of choice in the surgical treatment of patients with bronchobiliary fistulas; it allows performance of echinococcectomy and elimination of the bronchobiliary fistula. The results are discussed in relation to relevant data in literature.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Human alveolar echinococcosis: an emerging zoonosis in Hungary and Europe].

Human alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the metacestode stage of Echinococcus multilocularis, is one of the most dangerous zoonoses in the temperate and arctic areas of northern hemisphere. The mortality of the disease exceeds 95% in untreated or inadequately treated patients. In the past three decades, the spread of this parasite was observed in Europe as a consequence of human interventions resulting in the population size increase of foxes. The authors demonstrated the presence of E. multilocularis in foxes in all northern counties of Hungary and the existence of hyperendemic regions in the Counties Nógrád and Gyor-Moson-Sopron. The aim of the present paper is to summarize the current knowledge on the life cycle and distribution of E. multilocularis, and the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and control of human alveolar echinococcosis.

Albendazole↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Echinococcosis: a persistent endemic].

Echinococcosis seems to be still endemic in Italy. Data from epidemiological studies in middle- south Italy indicates that this parasitosis is often a work- related disease. Our survey concerning findings among patients from surgical departments in Tuscany confirms the rsults of the studies. Echinococcosis is still endemic and dairy farming seems to be a risk factor.

Dairying↗