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Results for “GANGLIA, SPINAL”

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PubMed2002

Location of zinc and 65Zn in spinal ganglia of the rat.

Following the works of Velazquez et al. (1999), Jo-Seung et al. (2000), Wang et al. (2001), Danscher et al. (2001) and the criteria of Zinc-containing neurons established by Frederickson et al.(2000), we have found the presence and localisation of Zinc in the neurons of the dorsal root ganglia of Wistar rat, by using Timm's thecnique and by studying the autoradiographic uptake of 65Zn. The agreement between the results of both techniques allows us to classify these spinal ganglion neurons as Zinc-containing neurons and also, to confirm some of the results of Velazquez et al. (1999).

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PubMed2000

[Detection of peptidergic and nitrergic structures in the spinal ganglia of rabbits].

In this study we have demonstrated the presence of neuropeptide substance P and non-peptide neurotransmitter NO (nitric oxide) in the dorsal root ganglia of rabbit. NADPH-diaphorase histochemical staining was used for the detection of NO and immunohistochemical method for the detection of substance P.A particular number of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells were stained by SP and NADPH-d reaction. The presence of SP and NADPH-diaphorase positive cells varied depending upon spinal level of DRGs. Positively stained neurons were only small or medium-sized. Cells of large diameter profiles showed no staining. Substance P immunoreactive cells were stained brown and dark brown, the intensity of NADPH-d staining varied from light to very dark blue. In some DRGs cells, there was a very significant neuronal co-localization of immunoreactivity for SP and reactivity for NADPH-d. In summary, DRG cells appear to express diaphorase and substance P activity, and some of them contain both neurotransmitters. Recent studies analysing the participation of NO in the regulation of SP release in the spinal cord suggest, that the DRGs neurons may display a close interaction between NO and SP. (Fig. 14, Ref. 39.)

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PubMed1999

[Nitrergic structures in the spinal ganglia in rabbits].

Nitrergic structures in normal rabbit dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were demonstrated in this study. Histochemical reaction for detection of NADPH-d activity was used indicating, the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Diaphorase activity was found mostly in small ganglion cells. The cells defined as intermediate in size were stained less frequently, and no big cell expressed diaphorase activity. The intensity of staining varied from light blue and violet to very dark. The highest number of reactive cells was detected in the sacral DRG. Neurons expressed very low concentration of diaphorase activity in cervical, thoracic and lumbar DRGs. These findings suggest, that NADPH-diaphorase activity demonstrate a distinctive distribution depending upon spinal level.

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PubMed1990

Extracellular labeling of unmyelinated dorsal root terminals after WGA-HRP injections in spinal ganglia.

Wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) is a widely used neuroanatomical tracer. When compared with other tracers, WGA-HRP may preferentially label unmyelinated fibers. In agreement with this hypothesis, injections of WGA-HRP in cervical and lumbar dorsal root ganglia resulted in more prominent light microscopical labeling in superficial than deep laminae of the dorsal horn. However, ultrastructural examination of these laminae reveals a paucity of terminal labeling in contrast to the abundance of extracellular tracer in the space surrounding unmyelinated fibers and their terminals, and to the widespread occurrence of transneuronal labeling. These results bear upon the mechanism of preferential labeling in the spinal cord and have implications for the interpretation of the labeling obtained when using WGA-HRP.

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PubMed1998

Changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor immunoreactivity in rat dorsal root ganglia, spinal cord, and gracile nuclei following cut or crush injuries.

In the present study, we evaluated changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunoreactivity in the rat lumbar (L) 5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and areas where afferents from the DRG terminate, the L5 spinal cord and gracile nuclei, following unilateral sciatic nerve transection or crush. From 3 days to 4 weeks following cut or crush injury, the percentage of medium and large BDNF-immunoreactive neurons in the ipsilateral DRG increased significantly compared with those on the contralateral side. Following cut injury, there was no significant change in the percentage of small BDNF-immunoreactive neurons in the ipsilateral DRG; however, the intensity of immunoreactivity of these cells decreased. Following crush injury, however, both the percentage and intensity of small BDNF-immunoreactive neurons in the ipsilateral DRG significantly increased. Following cut injury, the expression of BDNF-immunoreactive axonal fibers decreased markedly in the ipsilateral superficial laminae of the L5 spinal cord and increased significantly in the ipsilateral deeper laminae of the spinal cord and gracile nuclei. Crush injury induced a marked increase in the expression of BDNF-immunoreactive axonal fibers in the superficial laminae of the spinal cord and gracile nuclei. These differences in BDNF response in the DRG and spinal cord after cut or crush injuries may reflect differences in trophic support to the injured DRG neurons and altered neuronal activity in the spinal cord and gracile nuclei following different types of peripheral nerve injury.

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PubMed1975

Changes in glia-neuron relationships in cell cultures of spinal ganglia caused by puromycin.

Dorsal root ganglia of chick embryos were cultured for one to four weeks on Maximow-slides. Puromycin was added to cultures for a pulse of 30' in a dose of 100 mug/ml medium. Particular interest was given to the ultrastructural features of the glia-neuron relations. Puromycin caused a shrinkage of the glial processes and consequently the continous glial envelope of the spinal ganglion neurons disappeared. These changes of glia-neuron contacts were reversible after a few days when puromycin was withdrawn from the medium. The newly formed glial sheaths around the neurons were comparable to those in untreated cultures and to those in vivo. The effects of an inhibition of protein synthesis caused by puromycin are discussed in relation to the effects on the cell motility, on the renewal of cell membranes and on the formation of cell contacts in nervous tissue.

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PubMed1990

Non-specific cholinesterase activity in mouse spinal ganglia. The usefulness of histochemical study and image analysis for simple characterization of neuron subclasses.

Non-specific cholinesterase (ChE) activity was studied histochemically at light and electron microscopical levels in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of adult mice. The reaction staining and diameter of neuron cells perykaria were measured by using an image analysis system. The methodological approach enable to distinguish 8 subclasses of primary sensory neurons. The proportion of individual subclasses was mapping in three subsequent cervical, thoracal and lumbar DRG. The populations of small-sized neurons increased towards lumbar level similarly as medium and small neurons exhibiting high ChE reactivity. The variations in ChE-containing neurons among DRG from different area may reflect differences in modality-specific primary sensory neurons at each spinal cord level. In addition, the effect of 3 week sciatic nerve transection on the percentage of the subclasses in L4-L6 DRG has been investigated. The number of large neurons was reduced and a decrease of ChE reactivity in medium-size neurons was found in DRG on the operated side. Thus, the present results demonstrate a selective affectation of primary sensory neurons in mouse DRG by the peripheral nerve transection. Different amounts of the reaction product corresponding with ChE activity were found in the nuclear envelope and the cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

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PubMed2001

Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rat dorsal root ganglia, spinal cord and gracile nuclei in experimental models of neuropathic pain.

Chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve and lumbar L5 and L6 spinal nerve ligation provide animal models for pain syndromes accompanying peripheral nerve injury and disease. In the present study, we evaluated changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunoreactivity in the rat L4 and L5 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and areas where afferents from the DRG terminates (the L4/5 spinal cord and gracile nuclei) in these experimental models of neuropathic pain. Chronic constriction injury induced significant increase in the percentage of small, medium and large BDNF-immunoreactive neurons in the ipsilateral L4 and L5 DRG. Following spinal nerve ligation, the percentage of large BDNF-immunoreactive neurons increased significantly, and that of small BDNF-immunoreactive neurons decreased markedly in the ipsilateral L5 DRG, while that of BDNF-immunoreactive L4 DRG neurons of all sizes showed marked increase. Both chronic constriction injury and spinal nerve ligation induced significant increase in the number of BDNF-immunoreactive axonal fibers in the superficial and deeper laminae of the L4/5 dorsal horn and the gracile nuclei on the ipsilateral side. Considering that BDNF may modulate nociceptive sensory inputs and that injection of antiserum to BDNF significantly reduces the sympathetic sprouting in the DRG and allodynic response following sciatic nerve injury, our results also may suggest that endogenous BDNF plays an important role in the induction of neuropathic pain after chronic constriction injury and spinal nerve ligation. In addition, the increase of BDNF in L4 DRG may contribute to evoked pain which is known to be mediated by input from intact afferent from L4 DRG following L5 and L6 spinal nerve ligation.

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PubMed1970