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At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of poly(benzyl L-glutamate).

Poly(benzyl L-glutamate) (PBLG) microcapsules, prepared by a solvent evaporation technique for intravenous injection, are evaluated for their potential use in diagnostic computed tomographic enhancement of liver images. The smaller microcapsules, < 3 microns, loaded with a radiopaque contrast material, ethyl iopanoate (IOPAE), produced prolonged opacification of the liver when delivered intravenously. In vivo tissue distribution studies of PBLG-131I-IOPAE (5 microCi/rat, iv) showed that liver had the highest uptake (percent of injected dose/g of tissue) among other organs 24 h postinjection. An in vitro estrogen receptor assay in pig uteri indicated that PBLG conjugated with estrone did not interfere with estrogen receptor affinity, suggesting the estrogen therapy potential of PBLG-estrone.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiologic and pathologic correlation of adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder.

BACKGROUND: To demonstrate the radiologic-pathologic correlation of adenomyomatosis of gallbladder (GBA) and emphasize the role of high-resolution real-time ultrasound (RTUS) in the diagnosis of GBA. METHODS: Ten (four male and six female, mean age = 49 years) patients with proven GBA (three diffuse, three segmental, and four fundal) diagnosed by histopathology or confirmed by oral cholecystography (OCG) were reviewed. Radiologic studies included OCG (n = 8), RTUS (n = 8), and computed tomography (CT; n = 4). Six patients subsequently underwent cholecystectomy. RESULTS: Histopathologic correlation between pathologic specimens and OCG, RTUS, and CT was possible in six patients. The diagnostic criteria with ultrasound included numerous tiny intramural cysts containing echogenic foci with reverberation artifacts and associated segmental or diffuse gallbladder wall thickening. OCG with fatty meal demonstrated intramural diverticula. Localized fundal GBA was better visualized on RTUS and CT scan than on OCG. CONCLUSION: Accurate diagnosis of GBA may be made by either OCG or high-resolution RTUS preoperatively. CT scan may used as an alternative method to help make the diagnosis in equivocal cases.

Adenomyoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous transcholecystic biliary interventions using gallbladder anchors: feasibility study in the swine.

The purpose of this study was to report our initial experience with a swine model for biliary interventions by using a percutaneous transcholecystic access after suture anchor of the gallbladder. Telepaque tablets were given to five pigs to opacify the gallbladder. Under fluoroscopy, the opacified gallbladder was punctured percutaneously and three suture anchors were used to fix the anterior wall of the gallbladder to the abdominal wall. Two weeks later, the gallbladder was punctured and access into the distal common bile was obtained through the cystic duct. Balloon expandable stents were deployed into the distal common bile duct. Follow-up cholangiograms were obtained at 1 and 2 weeks. Necropsy was performed after 2 weeks to evaluate the relationship between the gallbladder and abdominal wall. Suture anchor placement was successful in all five pigs. One pig with a deep and highly positioned gallbladder developed fever, anorexia, and vomiting secondary to excessive stretch of the gallbladder. Placement of the guidewire through the extremely tortuous and small cystic ducts proved to be the most challenging step of the procedure. Metallic stents were successfully deployed in all four pigs in which it was attempted. Four animals tolerated the procedures without changes in their clinical conditions and no symptoms. Successful follow-up cholangiograms were performed at 1 and 2 weeks post-stent deployment without complications. All stents remained patent during the follow-up period. Necropsy demonstrated close attachment and adherence of the gallbladders to the antero-lateral abdominal wall in all four animals. Suture anchoring of the gallbladder is feasible in most pigs with superficially located gallbladders. This technique allows a safe and repeat access into the biliary system using a transcholecystic approach.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Factors determining the differential tissue response of Na/K-ATPase to thyroid hormone in the neonatal rat.

The concentration of ouabain binding sites (OBS), a measure of the abundance of sodium/potassium-dependent ATPase (Na/K-ATPase), was measured in cerebral cortex (CC), cerebellum (CBL), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and heart of neonatal rats with congenital hypothyroidism. In euthyroid rats, the concentration of OBS was 50- to 100-fold greater in the nervous tissue than in the nonnervous tissue. Congenital hypothyroidism resulted in a significant reduction in the number of OBS in all four tissues. Although in absolute terms (pmol/mg protein) the reduction was greater in the nervous tissues, in relative terms it was much greater in the nonnervous tissues. The restoration of OBS concentration was much more sensitive to T4 in CC, CBL, and BAT than in heart. In contrast, the response of OBS concentration to T3 in hypothyroid rats was greater in the heart, followed by the BAT and CBL, being minimal in CC. The sensitivity to T4 replacement correlated with the degree of the stimulation of the type II 5'deiodinase (5'D-II) by hypothyroidism, whereas the response to exogenous T3 correlated with the fraction of the tissue T3 that derives from plasma T3 and inversely with the plasma T3 concentration required to saturate 50% of the nuclear receptors as reported in previous studies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Choledochal cyst. Imaging by Telepaque-enhanced computed tomography.

A choledochal cyst is an uncommon anomaly of the biliary system requiring surgical intervention. A case of a choledochal cyst imaged by computed tomography following oral administration of cholangiography contrast material (Telepaque) is reported. Telepaque-enhanced computed tomography is an easy, noninvasive method to demonstrate pertinent preoperative anatomy in cases of choledochal cysts, and is especially useful in the pediatric patient.

Adolescent↗