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Results for “Multivariate response regression”

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PubMed1999

Personal risk factors for first-time low back pain.

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study of personal risk factors for first-time low back pain. OBJECTIVES: To construct and validate a multivariate model to predict low back pain. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Various physical and psychological factors have been reported to increase the risk of low back pain, but conflicting results may be attributable to inaccurate "clinical" measures and to poorly validated statistical models. METHODS: A total of 403 health care workers aged 18-40 years volunteered for the study. None had any history of "serious" back pain requiring medical attention or time off work. The volunteers completed the following questionnaires: the modified somatic perception questionnaire, the Zung depression scale, and the Health Locus of Control. Anthropometric factors were quantified using standard techniques. The 3Space Isotrak device (Polhemus, VT) was used to measure lumbar curvature and hip and lumbar spine mobility. Leg and back strength and back muscle fatiguability were measured in functional postures. Postal follow-up questionnaires, sent after 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months, inquired about back pain, and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors at each follow-up. RESULTS: The response rate fell from 99% at 12 months to 90% at 36 months, at which time 90 volunteers reported "serious" back pain and 266 reported "any" back pain. The following were consistent predictors of serious back pain: reduced range of lumbar lateral bending, a long back, reduced lumbar lordosis, increased psychological distress, and previous nonserious low back pain. Only the latter three were consistent predictors of "any" back pain. Physical factors had the most influence in a sub-population of volunteers who were new to the job. CONCLUSIONS: Personal risk factors explained up to 12% of first-time low back pain.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Prognostic factors in inflammatory breast cancer and therapeutic implications.

223 inflammatory breast cancer patients were diagnosed at the Institut Curie between 1977 and 1987. Patients received chemotherapy and radiation treatment according to three consecutive randomised trials. Five- and 10- year survival rates were 41 and 32%, respectively. Disease-free interval rates were 25.5% at 5 years and 19% at 10 years. Parameters significantly linked with a pejorative prognosis in a multivariate analysis were: diffuse erythema, lymph node involvement, chest wall adherence, and age above 50 years. When therapeutic response parameters were included in the multivariate analysis, the five most important prognostic factors in order of significance were complete tumour regression after completion of induction treatment (at 8 months), complete regression of inflammatory symptoms after 3 months of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, limited erythema at presentation and, less significantly, complete regression of inflammatory symptoms at 8 months and tumour regression at 3 months. In conclusion, patients who achieved a rapid and complete remission had a better prognosis than patients who had an incomplete response to chemotherapy. High-dose chemotherapy and reversal or prevention of drug resistance will be evaluated in future trials. Detailed information on the biology of this disease should allow the design of new strategies aiming to improve patient management.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

Increased incidence of diabetes mellitus in relation to abdominal adiposity in older women.

The relationship between body fat distribution, measured by the ratio of waist-to-hip circumferences (WHR), and the 2 year incidence of diabetes mellitus was examined in a cohort of 41,837 women aged 55-69 years. The 399 women who reported the new onset of diabetes had a significantly greater mean body mass index (kg/m2) and WHR than non-cases. After adjustment for body mass index (BMI), age and education level using multivariate logistic regression, WHR was a significant independent predictor of diabetes in a dose-response fashion. Cases were 4.6 times (95% CI = 3.8, 5.6) more likely than non-cases to be in the upper tertile of WHR and 2.2 times (95% CI = 1.8, 2.7) more likely to be in the middle tertile. Women in the highest tertiles of both WHR and BMI had a 14.4-fold (95% CI = 9.5, 21.9) higher risk of diabetes than women in the lowest tertiles. These results demonstrate that increased abdominal adiposity is a significant independent risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus in older women.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

A randomized study of epirubicin monotherapy every four or every two weeks in advanced breast cancer. A Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact on the response rate in patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC) of the doubling of the dose intensity (DI) of epirubicin monotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 1991 until April 1996, 167 patients with ABC were randomized to receive epirubicin (110 mg/m2) either every four (81 patients, group A) or every two weeks (86 patients, group B). Filgrastim (5 micrograms/kg/daily) was administered prophylactically on days 2-12 of each cycle. RESULTS: The two groups were equally balanced in terms of major patient and tumor characteristics. Even though the median cumulative dose of epirubicin was identical in the two groups (651 mg/m2), the median DI of epirubicin was doubled in group B (27.2 vs. 52.9 mg/m2/wk, respectively). The complete response (CR) rate was significantly increased in group B (5%, 95% CI: 0.16%-9.84% vs. 17%, 95% CI: 8.9%-25.08%, P = 0.011), although overall response rates were similar (49% vs. 53%, P = 0.5957). Also, there was no significant difference in the incidence of grade 3-4 toxicity between the two groups. After a median follow-up of 25 months (range, 0.43-43.3+) no significant difference was observed in the duration of response (median, 10 months vs. 8.5 months, P = 0.5130), time to progression (median, 7.2 months vs. 7.4 months, P = 0.2970) or survival (median, 14.6 months vs. 14.9 months, P = 0.4483). Logistic regression analysis showed that performance status was a significant variable for response (P = 0.0068) and multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model revealed that performance status was significant for survival (P = 0.0049), while the presence of multiple metastases (P = 0.0020) was significant for time to progression. CONCLUSION: Doubling the planned DI of epirubicin monotherapy significantly increases the CR rate but has no influence on time to progression or survival in patients with ABC.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Gender difference in mate preference among law students: divergence and convergence of criteria.

We examined six hypotheses derived from evolutionary theory regarding sex differences in mate-selection criteria. The subjects were 160 law students who viewed color photographs of live models that were paired with different status cues such as costume variation and descriptions of income and occupation. A multivariate analysis of variance and regression analyses revealed highly significant sex differences in the following responses: reported willingness to engage in unqualified sexual relations; reported willingness to have sexual relations with stimulus persons as compared with the willingness to engage in higher investment relationships such as dating and marriage; the effects of stimulus persons' status and physical attractiveness in determining thresholds of initial acceptability; and tradeoffs, that is the ability of high physical attractiveness to compensate for low status, and of high status to compensate for low physical attractiveness. Law students also responded to nine statements concerning prospective spouses' relative income, occupational prestige, and physical attractiveness. These responses exhibited sex differences consistent with those found in the experimental manipulation.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Current Internet use and preferences of IVF and ICSI patients.

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the Internet has a tremendous impact on modern society, including healthcare practice. The study aim was to characterize current Internet use by IVF and ICSI patients and to identify their preferences regarding Internet applications in fertility care. METHODS: A total of 163 couples with fertility problems awaiting an IVF or ICSI procedure in the University Medical Centre Nijmegen, The Netherlands, was asked to complete a written questionnaire on Internet use in general, and also for fertility-related problems, preferences regarding Internet applications in fertility care and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: The response rate was 82%. In total, 81% of infertile couples used the Internet. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed ethnic background and annual family income to be significant predictors of Internet use. Some 66% of Internet users and 54% of the total study population used the Internet for fertility-related problems. The female partners were the main Internet users with regard to fertility-related issues. In terms of preferences of the study participants, the majority favoured personal medical information online. CONCLUSIONS: Most infertile couples used the Internet with respect to fertility-related problems and were interested in implementation of Internet applications in fertility care. Healthcare providers should actively participate in the development and implementation of Internet applications in fertility care.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Radiographic measures of chronic periodontitis and carotid artery plaque.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is associated with stroke and subclinical atherosclerosis, but clinical measurement of CP can be time consuming and invasive. The purpose of this study was to determine whether radiographically assessed CP is associated with nonstenotic carotid artery plaque as an ultrasound measure of subclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS: Panoramic oral radiographs were obtained from 203 stroke-free subjects ages 54 to 94 during the baseline examination of the Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study (INVEST). CP exposure among dentate subjects was defined either categorically (periodontal bone loss > or =50% [severe] versus <50% bone loss) or via tertile formation (for dose-response investigation), with edentulous subjects categorized separately. In all subjects, high-resolution B-mode carotid ultrasound was performed. Carotid plaque thickness (CPT) and prevalence (present/absent) were recorded. Covariates included age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. RESULTS: Among dentate subjects with severe periodontal bone loss, mean CPT was significantly greater (1.20+/-1.00 mm versus 0.73+/-0.89 mm; P=0.003). CPT increased with more severe bone loss (upper versus lower tertile bone loss; P=0.049; adjusted for age, sex, and hypertension). This apparent dose-response effect was more evident among never-smokers. In a fully adjusted multivariate logistic regression model, severe periodontal bone loss was associated with a nearly 4-fold increase in risk for the presence of carotid artery plaque (adjusted odds ratio, 3.64; CI, 1.37 to 9.65). CONCLUSIONS: Severe periodontal bone loss is associated independently with carotid atherosclerosis. Panoramic oral radiographs may thus provide an efficient means to assess CP in studies of atherosclerosis risk.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

Recruitment of patients for a clinical trial: factors on the physician side and reasons on the patient side.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the factors related to actual patient recruiters among the physicians who initially agreed to collaborate in a randomized control trial. METHODS: We conducted a questionnaire survey of 679 physicians (512 actual recruiter and 167 non-recruiters) who had initially agreed to recruit patients for a clinical trial to determine factors to predict who would actually do so. RESULTS: Response rates among recruiters and non-recruiters were 87.5% and 73.1%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression model showed that the proportions of regular users of computer [odds ratio (OR) =2.1, 95% confidence intervals (CI)=1.3-3.3] (p=0.002) and current participants in other clinical trials (OR=2.2, CI=1.5-3.4) (p=0.001) were significantly higher among recruiters than non-recruiters. Patients' reasons for non-participation as perceived by the physicians did not differ between recruiters and non-recruiters. CONCLUSION: Results of this study might be useful in predicting actual recruiters at the outset of clinical trials.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Measurement of cardiac troponin I levels in the emergency department: predictive value for cardiac and all-cause mortality.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the predictive value of cardiac troponin I levels in cardiac and all-cause mortality in patients presenting to an emergency department. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. SETTING: The emergency department of a major tertiary teaching hospital in metropolitan Melbourne over a six-week period in 1998. PATIENTS: All patients with requests for cardiac enzyme level measurement. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cardiac and all-cause mortality within 30 days of presentation. RESULTS: 424 patients (232 men, 192 women; age range, 16-93 years) were reviewed. The 30-day mortality rate was 7.3% (31/424); in patients with raised levels of both creatine kinase (CK)-MB isoenzyme and troponin I this rate was 27% (7/26; 95% CI, 13%-44%); and in those with troponin I levels above 2 microg/L, but normal CK-MB values, it was 24% (5/21; 95% CI, 5%-43%). The mortality rate in the group with normal results of cardiac markers was 4.3% (14/328; 95% CI, 2.1%-6.5%). Patients with minor increases in troponin I levels (minimal myocardial damage) showed an intermediate 30-day mortality rate (13%, 5/39; 95% CI, 2%-24%). Other predictors of 30-day mortality included age, presentation with shortness of breath, and electrocardiography (ECG) changes diagnostic of acute myocardial infarction or consistent with ischaemia. Cardiovascular causes were responsible for most of the deaths in patients with raised troponin I levels. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that raised levels of troponin (> 2.0 microg/L), but not of CK-MB, predict 30-day mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with CK-MB, cardiac troponin I more accurately predicts 30-day mortality rates in patients presenting to the emergency department. Moreover, troponin I levels identify additional groups of patients at increased risk of death not so identified by measuring CK-MB values.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Sociodemographic predictors of self-rated health in patients with diabetes of short duration.

AIMS: To examine the impact of gender and socioeconomic factors on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) one year and eight years after diabetes diagnosis. METHODS: Two national incidence cohorts who contracted diabetes between the ages of 15 and 34 years (n=554) and matched control groups from the general population of Sweden (n=1,029) were surveyed. Data on HRQoL, diabetes treatment, marital status, education, social class, and employment were collected via a questionnaire mailed to the younger cohort (aged 16-35) one year after diagnosis and to the older cohort (aged 23-42) eight years after diagnosis. Response rates were 73% among people with diabetes and 68% among the controls. Multivariable linear regression models were used to analyse the impact of gender and socioeconomic factors on HRQoL in the diabetic and control groups. The dependent variable was the "general health perceptions" score of the SWED-QUAL instrument, which corresponds to the "global self-rated health" concept. RESULTS: A model including all the sociodemographic variables explained 6% of the variance in self-rated health one year after diabetes diagnosis and 13% of the variance eight years after diagnosis. In the control groups, the level of explanation was 2-3%. Female gender was an independent predictor of poor self-rated health in the older diabetic cohort, but not in the younger cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Gender and socioeconomic factors were more closely associated with self-rated health eight years after diabetes diagnosis than one year after diagnosis, indicating early sociodemographic stratification in the health of the diabetic populations studied.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pediatric dentists' participation in the California Medicaid program.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine pediatric dentists' participation in the California Medicaid program and investigate barriers to participation. METHODS: A 24-question mail-in survey with a follow-up was sent to all pediatric dentists in California with questions including demographics, Medicaid participation, and barriers to participation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, bivariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Pediatric dentists returned 364 useable mail-in surveys for a response rate of 70%. Forty-five percent participated in the Medicaid program, one third of which would accept all patients and two thirds of which placed some restriction on their participation. Twenty-five percent of respondents had at least 10% Medicaid patients in their practice, and 25% accepted 6 or more new Medicaid patients per month. Dentists in rural areas were significantly more likely than those in urban or suburban areas to accept a new Medicaid patient (P < .05). Eighty-nine percent of all respondents reported low fees and 82% reported broken appointments as important reasons for not participating or limiting participation. CONCLUSIONS: Participation of California pediatric dentists in Medicaid is low compared to other states that have participation studies. Pediatric dentists in rural areas are most likely to participate. Among the reasons that contribute to California dentists not participating in the Medicaid program, the major ones appear to be low fees, broken appointments, and denial of payment.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Definition of healthy eating in the Spanish adult population: a national sample in a pan-European survey.

A national survey was carried out to find out how the Spanish adult population defined 'healthy eating'. Consumers were asked to describe in their own words what 'healthy eating' means to them. The sample included 1009 Spanish subjects over 15 y of age selected by a multietapic procedure. This study belongs to the Spanish partnership in a pan-European survey about attitudes to food, nutrition and health coordinated by the Institute of European Food Studies of Dublin. The results were shown as the percentages of the sample who gave one of the five most frequently mentioned descriptions ('more vegetables', 'balanced diet', 'more fruit', 'less fat' and 'more fish') and the distribution of responses by age, sex, region, socio-economic level and education level. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to assess the characteristics independently related to the use of the definition 'balance and variety' for healthy eating. The majority of the Spanish people defined 'healthy eating' as a diet with 'more vegetables' as the main description. Other descriptions commonly mentioned were 'less fat', 'more fruit', 'more fish', and 'more lean meat'. A higher age was associated with a lower likelihood of mentioning the concept of balanced diet. A higher educational level was also independently and strongly related to a higher prevalence of this definition. Differences between men and women showed only borderline significance. Our results suggest the need to improve nutritional education about fiber, low fat and cholesterol. It would be interesting to develop strategies in Spain to educate people on a definition of 'healthy eating' based upon 'balance and variety'.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[Therapeutic approach of French practitioners to rectal cancer].

OBJECTIVES: Improvements in treatment of rectal cancer have enabled a better control of locoregional disease. Our objective was to describe the therapeutic decisions of different specialists implied through clinical cases and the influence of their professional characteristics. METHODS: In spring 1996, a questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of 621 French physicians, presenting 3 clinical cases of rectal cancer at different stages. The present analysis deals with a clinical case concerning a 46 year-old man bearing a T3N0 tumor, at 7 cm from the anal verge. Statistical analysis (uni and multivariate, by logistic regression) was performed with SPSS software. RESULTS: Three hundred fifty two exploitable responses were returned (response rate: 57%). Half of the physicians chose a pluridisciplinary decision modality. There were differences according to the speciality (P < 0.003), to the type of practice (public/private) (P < 10(-4)) and to the proximity of specialized units (P = 0.03). Therapeutic attitudes consisted in a combination of radiotherapy and surgery (RT-SU) for 95% of the physicians. The therapeutic choice was in agreement with the French consensus conference for 71% of physicians. Two main attitudes emerged for this clinical case: exclusive RT-SU combination (43.5%) and RT-SU with optional or systematic chemotherapy (CT) (52%). The latter choice appeared to be closely dependent on medical speciality (P = 0.0004) and background (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Decision making is mainly related to the place of work, whereas the therapeutic attitude depends on physicians' own characteristics. Until 1990, multiple therapeutic options for rectal cancer were performed in France. Nowadays, for a T3N0 tumor, the argumentation is rather focused on the indication of CT combined with the standard RT-SU treatment. Results from ongoing controlled studies will help update consensual recommendations.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

[MASCA-model of the biochemical-pharmacological drug research. Part 3: Structure-activity relationships and KANORA (author's transl)].

The KANORA (multivariate regression and correlation analysis) leads to a combination with the multivariate structure-activity analysis which encloses the time-, dose-response and biological screening analysis. Drug-receptor interactions can be considered in connection with structure-action relationship. The importance of the analysis of "nonsense"-correlations (by using the partial correlation) and the model II of regression analysis is demonstrated.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗

PubMed2005

Importance of early ischemic computed tomography changes using ASPECTS in NINDS rtPA Stroke Study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The importance of early ischemic change (EIC) on baseline computed tomography (CT) in the decision to thrombolyze the patient with acute ischemic stroke has been controversial. ASPECTS is a semiquantitative scale that scores the extent of EIC within the middle cerebral artery territory. We examined whether ASPECTS could be a treatment modifier by systematically reviewing the CT scans in the NINDS rtPA Stroke Study. METHODS: Six hundred eight of the 624 CT scans were available and of sufficient quality. One of 2 teams (n=3 each) of expert ASPECTS readers evaluated each scan for an ASPECTS value using a consensus score approach. Each team was blind to all clinical information except symptom side and blind to follow-up imaging and outcome information. ASPECTS values were stratified before analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine if an ASPECTS by treatment interaction existed on treatment response, outcome, and intracerebral hemorrhage risk. RESULTS: A total of 57.2% (348 of 608) of scans showed EIC with an ASPECTS <10. ASPECTS dichotomized into 8 to 10 and <8 did not have a treatment-modifying effect on good outcome but showed a trend to lower mortality at 90 days with tPA (relative risk 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.41 to 1.06, P=0.10). ASPECTS 8 to 10 were associated with a trend to larger benefit of tPA with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 5 versus ASPECTS 3 to 7 with a NNT of 8. CONCLUSIONS: There was no evidence of treatment effect modification by the baseline ASPECTS value in the NINDS rtPA Stroke Study. Therefore, exclusion of patients for thrombolysis within 3 hours of symptom onset based on EIC is not supported by our data. There is a trend to reduced mortality and increased benefit to rtPA if the baseline CT scan is favorable (ASPECTS >7).

Aged↗

PubMed2005

HER-2/neu expression as a predictor of response to neoadjuvant docetaxel in patients with operable breast carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The use of biologic markers to predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy may permit tailoring regimens to achieve maximal tumor response. Taxanes have demonstrated excellent activity in breast carcinoma; however, tumor-specific factors that predict clinical response have not been characterized thoroughly. METHODS: The authors performed a historic review evaluating the association of tumor prognostic factors and response to neoadjuvant cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin (AC) with or without docetaxel (D) (AC vs. AC+D) in 121 women who previously were enrolled in a Phase III, randomized, clinical trial. Using pretreatment biopsy materials, immunohistochemical studies were performed for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER-2/neu, p53, and Ki-67. Outcome variables were pathologic complete response (pCR) and positive clinical response (cPOS), which was defined as a >/= 50% regression in clinical tumor size prior to surgery. RESULTS: In a multivariate analysis that controlled for tumor size and lymph node status, improved cPOS rates were observed with the addition of docetaxel in women with HER-2/neu-negative tumors (81% vs. 51%; P < 0.05), yielding an adjusted odds ratio of 3.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.2-13.0) in favor of docetaxel. Women who had HER-2/neu-negative tumors appeared to have a lower response rate with AC alone compared with women who had HER-2/neu-positive tumors (51% vs. 75%; P = 0.06), but response rates were matched when docetaxel was added (81% vs. 78%; P = 0.99). ER, PR, p53, and Ki-67 results were not associated significantly with response rates. CONCLUSIONS: HER-2/neu status may predict improved clinical response rates from the addition of docetaxel to anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Docetaxel may "rescue" the response in women who have HER-2/neu-negative tumors to match that observed in women who have HER-2/neu-positive tumors treated with AC alone.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Composting of vegetable waste.

The effects of the aeration, seeding, and agitation on the composting of vegetable waste were studied in a laboratory-scale reactor. Experimental results showed that the final product at the end of a 4-day composting period met multiple maturity indices suggested by many researchers. The evolution of carbon dioxide during the composting process could be modelled with a modified Gompertz equation that described the bacteria growth successfully. Multivariate regression analysis was used to study the effects of operating parameters on the carbon conversion. The response surface contour plots were constructed using the regression equation for the examination of the dependence of carbon conversion on operating parameters. The maximum carbon conversion of 14.54% was obtained when the percentage of seeding was set at 14.5%, the air suction rate was set at 2.6 L kg(-1) dry-solid min(-1), and the agitator operated half of the time, alternating on and off for every 5 min. Future work will focus on the application of the data and the experience gained in this work to composters of pilot and semi-commercial scales.

Air↗

PubMed2001

Comparison of physiological and radiological screening for lung volume reduction surgery.

Physiological and radiological criteria are both used to identify candidates for LVRS. This study compares the predictive value of these screening techniques among patients with homogeneous (Ho) and heterogeneous (He) emphysema. Preoperative inspiratory lung conductance (G(Li)) during spontaneous breathing and quantitative radioisotope V/Q scan (QVQS) results were available for 48 of 50 patients undergoing bilateral LVRS for emphysema. Ho disease (n = 21) was defined by QVQS as an upper/lower perfusion ratio (ULPR) between 0.75 and1.25. G(Li) correlated with 6-mo improvement in FEV(1) (DeltaFEV(1)-6) (r = 0.53, p < 0.001) for the entire cohort, and for patients with both Ho (n = 21, r = 0.56, p = 0.015) and He disease (n = 27, r = 0.46, p = 0.017). ULPR correlated less well with DeltaFEV(1)-6 (n = 48, r = -0.38; p = 0.008) for the cohort, and was significantly correlated with outcomes only in the subgroup of patients with He disease (r = -0.40, p = 0.04). Multivariate regression demonstrated that by combining G(Li) and ULPR criteria, 33% of the DeltaFEV(1)-6 response could be accounted for. We conclude that both physiological and radiological criteria help identify appropriate candidates for LVRS. G(Li) best identifies patients with Ho emphysema who may benefit from surgery, but would be excluded on the basis of strictly radiological criteria. ULPR helps identify patients with He disease that improves with surgery, despite unfavorable G(Li).

Adult↗