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PubMed2002

Management of childhood diseases in the Byzantine period: II - exanthematic diseases.

The aim of this review was to explore the procedures used for the treatment of childhood exanthematic diseases during the Byzantine period. The most often reported ones were psoriasis, undefined rashes in parts of the body, ulcerous rashes, blisters, lichens and soaked ulcers. The physicians of the period managed the above problems with appropriate diet and remedies of herbal, veterinary and chemical origin in the form of baths, poultices and concoctions. They largely based their principles on the ancient Greek medical tradition. Their accurate remarks were reflected in their terminology. Many of the terms of this period are still in use, although current treatment modalities are quite different from the Byzantine remedies.

Byzantium↗
PubMed1996

[Insight in SVD epidemiology. Specimen collection Regulation Farm Surveillance Animal Diseases].

Periodic (4-monthly) surveillance of pig herds for antibodies against swine vesicular disease (SVD) is obligatory in the Netherlands since 1993. Samples should be collected "at random' in as many compartments as possible, with a maximum of one pig per pen. This prerequisite for a sensitive surveillance will be elucidated using four examples of SVD outbreaks in the Netherlands.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1997

[Morbid associations in Crohn's disease. Study of a series of 832 patients].

OBJECTIVES: Depending its frequency, the association in the same subject of Crohn's disease and another pathology can be fortuitous or the expression of genetic or environmental interrelationships. The aim of our study was to identify among a series of patients with Crohn's disease preliminary data which would be suggestive of a significant association between Crohn's disease and other pathologies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Personal and familial histories were collected in 832 patients with Crohn's disease who were seen consecutively in the same hospital clinic from 1974 to 1994. RESULTS: We found 4 cases (0.5%) of associated Crohn's disease-multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease-rheumatoid purpura in the same patient. Each of the following genetic diseases was associated with Crohn's disease in one patient (0.1%): Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, deuteroanopia, multiple exostosis, familial ichthyosis, periodic disease. CONCLUSION: We describe for the first time sporadic cases of associated Crohn's disease and another rare disease, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, familial ichthyosis and periodic disease. We suggest that there is a significant interrelationship between personal and familial histories of Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis which should be verified in prospective studies.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Management of childhood diseases during the Byzantine period: III-- respiratory diseases of childhood.

Evidence on herbal, veterinary and chemical substances used in various forms for respiratory problems of childhood such as acute otitis, acute tonsillitis and parotitis was investigated in the Byzantine medical treatizes, from the 4th to the 15th century ad. The problem of asthma in childhood was well known during the Byzantine period. Despite the existent Hippocratic tradition, the physicians of the times developed their own methods of treatment. The texts of Antyllus, Orivasios from Pergamos, Aetius of Amida, Alexander of Tralles, Paulus Aeginitis, Theophanis Nonnos and others, strongly suggest influences from ancient Greek and Roman medicine, but at the same time indicate an original medical thought.

Asthma↗
PubMed2002

Management of childhood diseases during the Byzantine period: VI - ocular diseases.

Ocular manifestations were recognizable and are reported in the Byzantine medical treatises from the 4th to the 15th century AD. Herbal, mineral and chemical substances in the form of collyria were used by the Byzantine physicians for the treatment of ocular abnormalities and ophthalmic diseases of the childhood. Surgical intervention was not recommended at this age.

Byzantium↗
PubMed1990

Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease without periodic EEG activity.

Four members of a kindred with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are reported, in whom myoclonus did not develop and in whom serial electroencephalograms performed late in their illness failed to show periodic sharp wave complexes. Otherwise, the patients' disease duration, clinical features, and neuropathological findings were similar to those described in sporadic cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Our findings and those reported by others suggest that periodic electroencephalographic activity may be rare in familial forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, as it is in other slow transmissible encephalopathies.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Transient high titers of HIV-1 in plasma and progression of disease.

Periodic quantitative HIV-1 plasma cultures were performed on 28 seropositive individuals who had CD4 cells < or = 300/mm3 and who were enrolled in three clinical trials testing the efficacy of didanosine versus zidovudine monotherapy. Most plasma cultures were negative or of low titer (1-100 tissue culture infective dose/ml of plasma), but there were 14 instances of high-titered plasma viremia (> or = 1,000 tissue culture infective dose/ml of plasma) seen in 11 individuals. These peaks in plasma culture titers were significantly associated either with rapidly decreasing CD4 cell numbers or with CD4 cells already < 50/mm3. In addition, patients who experienced these episodes of high-titered plasma viremia were more apt to have clinical complaints of fever, rash, flu-like illness, and/or opportunistic infection and also the syncytium-inducing HIV-1 phenotype and progression of disease.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2004

A probative approach for noninvasive evaluation of airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling in adult asthmatics.

We propose a probative approach for noninvasive evaluation of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and remodeling to investigate their outcome in adult asthmatics treated according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guideline. Pulmonary function and AHR to methacholine were measured twice with an interval of 24.3 +/- 3.4 months in 18 adult asthmatics during the ongoing treatments. Mathematical formulas previously used in an animal model were applied in human asthmatics to eliminate the effect of airway wall thickening on respiratory resistance (Rrs), calculating indices for the proportional changes with time in airway wall thickness (PW(1)/PW(0)) and airway smooth muscle shortening (PMS(1)/PMS(0)), respectively. The minimum cumulative dose of methacholine (Dmin), an ordinary index of AHR measured with the oscillometry Asthograph, correlated with the asthma severity. The disease periods significantly correlated with the indices of airflow limitation. While there was no change in PW(1)/PW(0) (1.00 +/- 0.07) during the assessment periods, methacholine-induced airway smooth muscle shortening was attenuated by 46% (PMS(1)/PMS(0)=0.54 +/- 0.16). Less improvement in PMS(1)/PMS(0) was seen with a correlation to the disease periods, but PMS(1)/PMS(0) improved correlating to the relative length of the assessment period with ongoing treatments in the disease period. In conclusion, this probative approach may be useful to investigate the outcome of AHR and remodeling in human asthmatics, and shows that remodeling may get worse with time or may halt and AHR may improve with a stepwise, early intervention and prolonged treatment given according to the GINA guideline.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1999

[Recurrent bilateral pleurisy in an 80-year-old man].

An 80-year-old man was admitted with recurrent asphyxiating pleurisy, first attributed to heart failure. During the recurrent episodes, the patient presented fever, signs of inflammation, no signs of heart failure, and subnormal cardiac function, prompting further investigations which disclosed that the patient was a homozygous carrier of the severe type of periodic disease mutation. The patient's age at symptom onset and the clinical features of this case of periodic disease are exceptional. These points emphasize the usefulness of available genetic tests in difficult diagnostic cases. It also reflects current difficulties in trying to establish correlations between genotype and phenotype in periodic disease.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed1985

Association of HLA antigens with thyrotoxic Graves' disease and periodic paralysis in Hong Kong Chinese.

The HLA-A and -B antigen distribution in 132 Hong Kong Chinese patients with Graves' disease, including 24 with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, was compared with that in 110 controls. The HLA-DR antigen distribution in 68 patients was compared with that in 47 controls. The prevalence of Bw46 was significantly increased in patients with Graves' disease and with periodic paralysis. The prevalence of DRw9 was also slightly increased but not at a statistically significant level. The high prevalence of Bw46 related to patients with early age at onset whereas patients with later age at onset had a significantly increased prevalence of HLA B5. It is suggested that Graves' disease in Chinese is due to two HLA-associated mechanisms in which early-onset disease is associated with Bw46 and late-onset disease with B5.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Prognosis and therapy].

BACKGROUND: We have conducted retrospective analysis of 90 cases of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) operated between 1978 and 1998. The aim of this study was to verify the most widely used prognostic factors and to try to identify differences in the development of these tumors. METHODS: The DTCs, selected from the histopathologic reports of the Institute of Pathologic Anatomy, were divided into high, intermediate and low malignancy tumors according to the classification of Carcangiu and Rosai. RESULTS: We found that age >45 years associated with a cancer larger than 1.5 cm and intermediate malignancy was related to the most dismal prognosis. Ten of the 90 cases had a dismal prognosis; 6/10 (60%) had disease recurrence. Four of those six patients died; one has disease recurrence 5 months after surgery, and one patient with disease recurrence after one year was lost to follow-up. The identification of metastases at the primary operation is of course an unfavourable prognostic factor. In fact, all of the six cases with metastases had disease recurrence after the treatment: three patients have died; two survive (one have a disease period of 5 months and the other a disease period of 2 years); one patient with disease recurrence one year after surgery was lost to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The most significant negative factors for prognosis purposes were the higher degrees of T, the presence of metastases at diagnosis or their appearance at follow-up, age greater than 45, male sex and areas of dedifferentiation within the histological pattern. Total thyroidectomy remains the treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Case report of periodontal disease with periodic neutropenia].

A case of periodic neutropenia with specific symptoms of gingiva and alveolar bone loss in primary dentition is reported. The patient was a boy, and it was followed between the ages of 3- and 9 years-old. At the period of neutropenia he was suffered from recurrent redness, swelling and bleeding of the gingiva, and also with cold-like symptoms with fever. Although the cause of these symptoms was not definite at first, even in medical exploration, we could diagnose this disease as periodic neutropenia by the process of dental therapy. By alveolar bone resorption, pocket formation and severe tooth mobility, the patient had lost more than half of his primary teeth at the end of 2 years after the initial examination. However throughout this period we motivated and instructed the patient and his mother how to brush his teeth. His oral hygiene was improved in the mixed and permanent dentition stages. Then there was no evidence of bone resorption around the teeth of the permanent dentition stage, but recurrent gingival symptoms are continuing now. The specific feature of this case is found in the gingival findings. There was no ulceration of the oral mucosa, but a bright red jelly-like appearance was found periodically in the area of the marginal and attached gingiva. The junction between the reddened attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa was well-defined. The serial examination of peripheral blood in this case revealed the cycle of neutropenia as 16 to 21 days. During this examination, and at the almost time of neutropenia of this patient, hyperplasia of monocytes and lymphocytes occurred. In this situation there was no clinical signs except for gingival redness. However at other times, generally marked signs were recurrent. This may have occurred due to the lack of both neutrophils and monocytes. From the above results we think that periodic neutropenia may be diagnosed first in the dental clinic by the distinctive redness in the gingival area as one specific sign of this disease. We also think that plaque control procedures may retain the teeth.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed2002

Redevelopment of small cell lung cancer after a long disease-free period: a case report.

Although it has been reported that the risk of second malignancies increases in long-term survivors of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and late recurrence of SCLC is sometimes experienced, it seems uncommon. We recently experienced a case of redevelopment of SCLC after a long disease-free period. The case was considered to be second primary SCLC more than 10 years after the initial treatment. The necessity for lifelong follow-up in long-term survivors of SCLC is emphasized.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗