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PubMed1996

China venereal disease rates rising 18 percent annually.

With the number of cases rising by 18% annually, venereal disease could become China's top infectious disease by the year 2000, China's senior physician on sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) reports. Reported cases in China of eight major venereal diseases, including HIV, gonorrhea, and syphilis, increased to 362,000 in 1995, a news agency quoted Professor Ye Shunzhang, National Venereal Disease Control Centre (NVDCC), as saying. Venereal disease could become China's leading infectious disease, with more than 800,000 patients expected by the year 2000, Shunzhang said. China reports it had 3341 cases of HIV by the end of 1995, of whom 117 were suffering from AIDS. However, doctors have warned that the real number could top 100,000 because of insufficient reporting and misdiagnosis.

Asia↗
PubMed2000

AIDS cases rise in China.

New cases of Chinese people with the AIDS virus grew by more than 40% in 1999, with women increasingly at risk, the newspaper of China's Health Ministry reported on March 29, 2000. Health experts detected 4677 new cases of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS and last year a 41.5% rise over 1998, the Health News said. It reported that China has recorded 17,316 Chinese carriers of HIV, 647 of them with full-blown AIDS, since the first case was reported in 1985. The number of reported cases is small by international standards, especially given China's population of 1.25 billion. India, with about 1 billion people, has an estimated 3.7 million people infected with the HIV virus. Chinese and foreign AIDS experts believe the actual number of Chinese that are infected with HIV may be closer to 400,000. Chinese health officials increased testing of high-risk groups last year by conducting more than 4.4 million tests, the Health News said. Women account for 15.4% of all HIV cases--¿an obvious increase¿, the newspaper said, without providing comparisons. The Health News quoted a vice chairman of the Association for the Prevention of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dai Zhicheng, as calling the increase among women ¿a special warning¿. For much of the last 15 years, HIV has largely been confined to needle-sharing heroin addicts and their sexual partners. But in recent years, the disease has begun to show up among truck drivers and prostitutes in areas with thriving sex trades, foreshadowing an outbreak in the general population.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Risk factors for HIV infection in gynaecological inpatients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 1988-1990.

A prevalence of 12.8% for anti-HIV-1 and a prevalence of 16.8% for anti-syphilis antibodies was found in 359 gynaecological inpatients admitted in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences from 1988 to 1990. The highest HIV prevalence (17.3%) was observed in the youngest age group (14-20 years), whereas the highest syphilis prevalence (22.2%) was found in the oldest age group (> 45 years). Infections with HIV and syphilis were both significantly associated with variables related to sexual behaviour, such as marital status, age at first intercourse and number of sexual partners in the past ten years. After adjustment for these common risk variables linked to sexual behaviour, syphilis infection was still associated with a more than twofold higher risk of HIV infection (odds ratio (OR) = 2.60, p = 0.02) and trichomonas vaginalis infection with a nearly threefold higher risk (OR = 2.96, p < 0.001). These data characterize patients at risk for HIV infection among inpatients of a gynaecological department in East Africa, and indicate that effective measures to prevent sexually transmitted disease may reduce HIV transmission.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Isolation of anaerobes from clinical chancroid associated with fluctuant bubo in men.

Microbial flora especially anaerobes were studied in 67 patients with genital ulcers due to chancroid (diagnosed clinically) and 53 controls with genital ulcers due to other causes. The aerobic flora was similar in patients of chancroid with or without associated bubo and in controls. Anaerobes were however, isolated with higher frequency from chancroid ulcers associated with fluctuant bubo compared to those without bubo (P less than 0.01) and with non-fluctuant bubo (P less than 0.05). Anaerobic bacteria like Bacteroides melaninogenicus, B. fragilis and anaerobic cocci may play a role in the perpetuation of genital ulcers and development of bubo in chancroid.

Adolescent↗