PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Seminal Vesicles”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[The estrogen-induced changes of estrogen receptor in seminal vesicle of immature castrated rat].

We have already reported that estrogen treatment given to immature castrated rats caused proliferative changes in both collagen and smooth muscle in the seminal vesicles of immature rats detected by light microscopy. Herein, we studied the estrogen-induced changes in estrogen receptor (ER) in the seminal vesicles of immature castrated rats by means of enzyme immunoassay, an immunohistochemical method and RT-PCR, to clarify the mechanism of estrogen induced proliferation of collagen and smooth muscle. Immature rats (3 weeks old) were castrated and left untreated for 3 weeks and then injected subcutaneously with estradiol-17 beta (E2-17 beta, 5 micrograms/day) for 7 days before they were killed. The nuclear ER content per gland, mg tissue and mg protein in the seminal vesicles of castrated rats increased markedly compared with those of non-treated rats. Castration also enhanced ERmRNA expression. The immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated the obvious tissue distribution by which the nuclear ER positive cells were densely distributed in the periglandular stroma. The nuclear ER contents per gland, mg tissue and mg protein in the seminal vesicles of estrogen-treated castrated rats were greater than those in castrated rats. Estrogen treatment further enhanced ERmRNA expression in the castrated rats. The immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that the nuclear ER positive cells appeared among the glandular epithelial cells, basal cells and the peripheral stromal cells, in addition to the periglandular stromal cells. These findings suggest that ER is related to the estrogen induced proliferation of collagen and smooth muscle in the seminal vesicles of immature castrated rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[A case of ectopic prostatic tissue in urinary bladder and uretero-seminal vesicle fistula with ipsilateral aplastic kidney].

A case of ectopic prostatic tissue in urinary bladder and uretero-seminal vesicle fistula with ipsilateral aplastic kidney is reported. A 29-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for residual sensation and perineal pain. Ultrasound examination revealed a cystic change in the right side of urinary bladder. C.T. and M.R.I. revealed a defect of a right kidney and ipsilateral ureteral dilation and seminal vesicle swelling. A cystscopy under lumbar anesthesia revealed a edematous cystic change of the right side of trigone and defect of the right ureteral orifice. Trans urethral resection of the wall of urinary bladder was simultaneously performed. And the contents of the cyst were sperum and old red blood cells. A retrograde ureterograph showed blind-ending ureter at L5 level and seminal vesicle swelling. A resected bladder tissue contained prostatic tissue. After operation he was free from complaints. Uretero-seminal vesicle fistula with ipsilater aplastic kidney is rare disease. In addition a case complicated ectopic prostatic tissue in urinary bladder was not reported in Japanese medical literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Quantitative analysis of steroids and steroid glucuronides in the seminal vesicle fluid of feral spawning and feral and cultivated nonspawning African catfish, Clarias gariepinus.

The seminal vesicles of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, can produce at least seven different steroid glucuronides, especially during the breeding season. In the present experiments quantification of the seven compounds and their free steroids was carried out by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in particular by selected ion monitoring, using seminal vesicle fluid of African catfish collected in the Hula nature reserve (Israel) and from a nearby fish farm. Some of the feral fish were in spawning condition; the others and the pond fish were in nonspawning condition. Compared to the nonspawning groups, in the feral spawning animals a significantly higher level was found especially of 5 beta-pregnane- 3 alpha,17 alpha-diol-20-one-glucuronide, but also of 5 beta-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol-glucuronide, 5 beta-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol-11-one-glucuronide, and 5 beta-pregnane-3 alpha,17 alpha-diol-20-one. The feral and pond nonspawning groups mainly differed in a signficantly higher concentration of 5 beta-pregnane-3 alpha,17 alpha-diol-20-one-glucuronide in the feral nonspawning fish. For the levels of etiocholanolone, testosterone, 5 beta-androstane-3 beta,17 beta-diol, and their glucuronides no significant differences were observed between the three groups, and 5 beta-dihydrotestosterone and its glucuronide could not be detected in the seminal vesicle fluid of any of the animals. The increase in the concentration of three 5 beta-reduced steroid glucuronides may point to a pheromonal function of one or more of these compounds, as demonstrated for the entire steroid glucuronide fraction of the seminal vesicle fluid. Experiments are being carried out to verify this hypothesis.

Androstane-3,17-diol↗
PubMed1990

Predominant epithelial localization of type A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor sites within rat seminal vesicles and prostate glands.

In order to understand the role of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system in the reproductive organs of the male, the biochemical characteristics and the autoradiographic localization of GABA type A (GABAA) receptor sites were studied in sections of the rat epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate gland (lateral lobe) using 3H-muscimol as a ligand. No specific 3H-muscimol binding occurred in the epididymis. 3H-muscimol was bound to sections of seminal vesicles and prostate glands in a manner consistent with the labeling of specific GABAA receptors. Binding was saturable, reversible, with Kd values of 27.5 +/- 2.0 and 26.0 +/- 1.9 nmol/l and Bmax values of 230 +/- 21 and 160 +/- 13 fmol/mg protein for seminal vesicles and prostate glands, respectively. The rank order of potency of GABAergic drugs in inhibiting 3H-muscimol binding to sections of seminal vesicles and prostate glands was also consistent with the labeling of GABAA receptors. Autoradiography demonstrated the predominant accumulation of silver grains in the epithelium of seminal vesicles and prostatic glandular tissue. These findings further support the suggestion of a possible role of GABA in the male reproductive function. The predominant epithelial localization of GABAA receptors in the seminal vesicles and in the prostate gland allows us to hypothesize that GABA may be involved in the secretory activities of these glands.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Endorectal MR imaging in the evaluation of seminal vesicle invasion: diagnostic accuracy and multivariate feature analysis.

PURPOSE: To retrospectively determine the accuracy of endorectal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in demonstrating seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) and to investigate the MR imaging features that can predict SVI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Institutional Review Board granted exempt status for this retrospective study, with waiver of informed consent; patient data were collected and handled in accordance with HIPAA regulations. Fifty-one men (age range, 44-73 years) with SVI and 303 men (age range, 40-76 years) without SVI who underwent endorectal MR imaging before radical prostatectomy between January 2000 and October 2004 were included in the study. Endorectal MR images were retrospectively and independently analyzed by two radiologists for SVI, tumor at prostate base, extracapsular extension, and other features considered indicative of SVI. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to assess the accuracy of detecting SVI at endorectal MR imaging. A multiple logistic regression was used to explore the combinations of MR imaging features that might facilitate the detection of SVI. RESULTS: Readers 1 and 2 had an AUC of 0.93 and 0.81, respectively, for the detection of SVI. For both readers, the features that had the highest sensitivity and specificity were low signal intensity within the seminal vesicle and lack of preservation of seminal vesicle architecture. At multiple regression analysis, tumor at the prostate base that extended beyond the capsule and low signal intensity within a seminal vesicle that has lost its normal architecture were highly predictive of SVI. CONCLUSION: Endorectal MR imaging is accurate in demonstrating SVI prior to radical prostatectomy, and recognition of the most predictive features may facilitate the use of this modality.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Cholinergic responses of seminal vesicles isolated from rats exposed perinatally to hydrocortisone.

This study was performed in order to investigate the cholinomimetic response of seminal vesicles isolated from rats treated with hydrocortisone acetate during perinatal life. At the adult phase, the body weight and the wet weight of the seminal vesicle of these animals were unchanged. However, these male rats exhibited a significant reduction in plasma testosterone concentration. A significant increase in the sensitivity of the seminal vesicle to acetylcholine was also observed. Despite this, there was a significant reduction in the maximum contractile response of the organ to this transmitter. These results indicate that exposure to hydrocortisone during the critical period of brain sexual differentiation has a long-term effect on testosterone production of male rats. In addition, physiological levels of cortisone in perinatal life are also essential to support the contractile response pattern of the seminal vesicle to acetylcholine in adult life, probably crucial to the reproductive process.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Syngeneic islet transplantation into seminal vesicles of diabetic rats.

Pancreatic islet transplantation has been proposed as an attractive option for the treatment of type I diabetes. Transplantation into different sites has been investigated, among them those that are immuno-logically privileged (e.g., thymus, uterus, brain, anterior eye chamber, and testicle). Because of their characteristics, seminal vesicles could be considered as immunologically privileged organs, but there is no worldwide experience that can confirm it. The purpose of the present study is to assess the viability and functionality of islet transplantation into seminal vesicles of diabetic rats. One hundred ninety inbred adult male syngeneic Lewis rats were used as donors (n = 72), receptors (n = 36), and controls(n = 11). Diabetes was chemically induced through a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Groups of 1200 purified islets were introduced in the right seminal vesicle of diabetic rats. Diabetic control rats were sham transplanted. Body weight and glycemia were monitored every 2 d. Of transplanted rats, 16.7% achieved a good function due to islet engraftment, while 30.6% achieved a partially good response, and 52.7% were considered as nonresponding. This is the first report about islet transplantation into seminal vesicles of diabetic animals. Our results indicate that islet transplantation into rat seminal vesicles is technically possible, and that islets can function normally after engraftment into the wall of the seminal vesicle.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Motor innervation of the smooth muscle of the rat seminal vesicle.

Frequency-related isovolumetric contractions of the rat seminal vesicle elicited with transmural electrical stimulation were blocked by tetrodotoxin but unaffected by hexamethonium. The postganglionic motor innervation of the rat seminal vesicle is purely excitatory and contains both an adrenergic and a cholinergic component which are excited simultaneously during transmural stimulation. Contractions elicited by adrenergic nerve stimulation were mediated by norepinephrine acting via alpha adrenoceptors, i.e., 1) responses of untreated vesicles to transmural stimulation and to exogenous norepinephrine were antagonized by phentolamine and potentiated by cocaine, 2) pretreatment of animals with reserpine or 6-hydroxydopamine produced a marked depletion of tissue norepinephrine concentration and reduced the responses to transmural stimulation to a level which resembled that of untreated organs in the presence of phentolamine, 3) the residual responses of vesicles from pretreated rats were not modified by phentolamine or cocaine, and 4) responses to tyramine in untreated organs were antagonized by phentolamine but not by cocaine and were observed in organs from reserpine-pretreated rats only after repletion with exogenous norepinephrine. Responses elicited by cholinergic nerve stimulation were mediated by acetylcholine through muscarinic receptors, i.e., 1) responses of untreated vesicles to transmural stimulation and to exogenous acetylcholine were antagonized by atropine, 2) the residual responses to transmural stimulation of vesicles from animals pretreated with reserpine of 6-hydroxydopamine were nearly abolished by atropine and 3) physostigmine potentiated and prolonged the responses of organs from untreated and reserpine-pretreatd animals to transmural stimulation; these effects of physostigmine were abolished by atropine.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Bioassay of steroid hormone agonist and antagonist activities of anti-androgens on mammary gland, seminal vesicles and spleen of male mice.

Young intact and adult castrated outbred C3H/Di male mice were used to characterize steroid hormone agonist and antagonist activities of anti-androgens by bioassay. Animals were injected subcutaneously with flutamide (Flut), chlormadinone acetate (CMA), cyproterone acetate (CA) or Casodex (Cas) alone or simultaneously with oestradiol (E), E plus progesterone (Prog) or norethindrone acetate (NA; a steroid exhibiting progestational and oestrogenic activities) and testosterone (T) for 15 days. Mammary gland growth was not affected with anti-androgen alone. However, all anti-androgens decreased seminal vesicle weights in intact males. In E (0.01 microg day(-1))-treated intact males, mammary growth was stimulated by CMA (progestational activity) and inhibited by CA. The inhibitory effect of CA on mammary growth (glucocorticoid activity) was overcome with high dose of E (0.1 microg day(-1)). When seminal vesicles weights were decreased with a moderate dose of E (0.01 microg day(-1)) anti-androgens injected simultaneously acted synergistically with E and decreased seminal vesicles weights more than E alone. However, in animals overloaded with E (0.1 microg day(-1)), anti-androgen CA was unable to decrease seminal vesicles weights. E (0.01 or 0.05 microg day(-1)) or E + Prog (500 or 1000 microg day(-1)) or NA (12.5 to 50 microg day(-1)) stimulated mammary growth was inhibited by T at doses 20-200 microg day(-1) and these effects were decreased or abolished by simultaneous application of Flut, CMA or Cas in both young intact and adult castrated males. In the same animals, the seminal vesicles weights were increased by T and decreased by anti-androgens. The effects of higher doses of T (300 microg day(-1)) were not inhibited by anti-androgens both in the mammary gland and seminal vesicles. Spleen weights were not consistently affected with Flut, CMA or Cas, but decreased with CA by dose dependent manner. These results demonstrated that anti-androgenic activities could be detected not only on seminal vesicle but also on the mammary gland. Our model system also detected a glucocorticoid activity of CA and progestational activity of CMA.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1981

Synthesis of androgen-dependent secretory proteins by rat seminal vesicles.

Androgenic steroids control the synthesis and secretion of several proteins by the seminal vesicles of the male rat. Prominent among them are 2 basic proteins, S and F, previously used as markers of androgen action. These proteins are not found among translation products of a wheat-germ protein-synthesising system supplied with mRNA from seminal vesicles of normal rats. Instead, higher molecular weight forms, S' and F', are formed which are nonetheless related antigenically to S and F respectively. Injected into Xenopus Laevis oocytes, seminal vesicle mRNA does direct synthesis and secretion of polypeptides S and F. Partial peptide analysis confirms that S' and F' have extensive amino acid sequence homology with S and F respectively. We conclude that S' and F' are precursor forms of the secreted proteins and thus at least 2 abundant proteins of this male accessory tissue are secreted by a mechanism common to a wide number of secreted proteins.

Androgens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ectopic ureter draining into seminal vesicle cyst: usefulness of MRI.

Ectopic ureter draining into seminal vesicle cyst is very rare congenital anomaly, which is thought to be caused by ectopic ureteral bud arising on the mesonephric duct. It is often associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis. We experienced a case of ectopic ureter draining into seminal vesicle cyst that is associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis. Generally, an invasive modality, that is, cyst puncture, cystography, or seminal vesiculography, is essential in the confirmative diagnosis of ectopic ureter. However, we could establish a definitive diagnosis with magnetic resonance imaging.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Morphometric analysis of the rat ventral prostate and seminal vesicles during prepubertal development: effects of neonatal treatment with estrogen.

In a morphometric study on the ventral prostate and seminal vesicles in the rat, we investigated the changes in fibromuscular stroma, glandular epithelium, and glandular lumen. Animals were studied at 15, 30 and 45 days of age. The rapid prepubertal growth started earlier in the ventral prostate than in seminal vesicles. In addition, the effects of neonatal administration of estrogens on the different tissue compartments were studied, comparing rats that had been castrated and/or treated with estrogen at birth to intact animals at 15 days of age. Estrogens caused a decrease in the volume of the glandular epithelium and increased the volume of the fibromuscular stroma in both ventral prostate and seminal vesicles. Castration partially abolished the estrogen-induced growth of the stroma, which suggests that the growth is dependent on testicular factors. The difference in proportion of the fibromuscular stroma between the two glands is evidence that the size of the whole seminal vesicles has increased whereas the size of the ventral prostate has decreased.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

Fibromuscular hyperplasia of the seminal vesicle.

Examination of tissue removed during seminal vesiculectomy typically reveals few pathological abnormalities, although some tumors and cysts have been described. We report a case of seminal vesicle enlargement and pain due to fibromuscular hyperplasia. Complete pain relief ensued after seminal vesiculectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Regulation of L-ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase in rat ventral prostate and seminal vesicle.

1. The activities of l-ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17) and S-adenosyl-l-methionine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.50) were dramatically enhanced in both the ventral prostate and the seminal vesicle of castrated rats in response to androgenic stimulation. The time course of the stimulation of ornithine decarboxylase together with the quantitatively different response of adenosylmethionine decarboxylase to testosterone treatment in the prostate gland and seminal vesicle indicated that the enhancement in polyamine synthesis in the ventral prostate may reflect both cellular proliferation and the restoration of the secretory functions of the organ. In the seminal vesicle, however, the stimulation of the polyamine-biosynthetic pathway more closely resembled the pattern found in other rat tissues, such as regenerating liver, undergoing compensatory growth. 2. Ornithine decarboxylase activity in the ventral prostate and especially in the seminal vesicle of sexually mature rat was diminished in vivo by various short-chain diamines such as 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diaminopropane and putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane). These diamines had no direct effect on the enzyme activity in vitro. 3. In contrast with the marginal decrease in ornithine decarboxylase activity produced by diaminoethane in the ventral prostate of non-castrated animals, repeated injections of the latter amine completely prevented the intense stimulation of the enzyme activity in the ventral prostate and seminal vesicle of castrated rats at 24h after the commencement of testosterone treatment. 4. The decrease in ornithine decarboxylase activity observed after injections of diamines (putrescine) in the ventral prostate was apparently associated with a similar decrease in the amount of immunoreactive protein as revealed by immunotitration of the enzyme with antiserum to rat ornithine decarboxylase.

Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase↗
PubMed1989

The secretory activity of the seminal vesicles and its relationship to sperm motility: effects of infection in the male reproductive tract.

In 146 males aged between 20 years and 40 years attending an infertility service, the secretory activity of the seminal vesicles was assessed by measurement of corrected seminal fructose concentration. This value was related to the presence of a positive semen culture, other evidence of inflammatory processes in the reproductive tract and sperm motility. Only 48% of subjects with a positive semen culture showed evidence of inflammation in the reproductive tract, as assessed by the presence of more than 20 white blood cells per high power field, and greater than 10% spermagglutination in the ejaculate. There was a relationship between the inflammatory process, hypofunction of the seminal vesicles and poor sperm motility. When the semen culture was positive but there was no evidence of inflammation neither seminal vesicle function nor sperm motility was affected. When the semen culture was negative, i.e. no evidence of inflammation and the subjects were asthenozoospermic, the corrected fructose levels were normal. It is proposed that in these conditions the cause of asthenozoospermia may be factors other than accessory sex organ dysfunction. In conclusion, there was no close relationship between the bacteriological results and evidence of inflammation of the accessory glands. A positive semen culture was related to lower levels of corrected fructose (hypofunction of the seminal vesicles) when the positive sperm culture was associated with inflammation of the reproductive tract and asthenozoospermia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Müllerian adenosarcomalike tumor of the seminal vesicle. A case report with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations.

A müllerian adenosarcomalike tumor of the seminal vesicle is described in a 49-year-old man. The tumor occupied the entire right seminal vesicle and adhered to the right lobe of the prostate, in the area adjacent to the seminal vesicle. The tumor was also adherent to the rectum. Microscopically, the cells were seen to invade the prostatic tissue. The tumor consisted of a highly cellular stroma with spindle-shaped pleomorphic cells, suggesting the diagnosis of a low-grade sarcoma. In addition, dilated cystic spaces lined by columnar epithelium were seen. Immunohistochemically, most tumor cells showed positivity for vimentin, desmin, and muscle-specific actin, suggesting smooth-muscle cell differentiation. Furthermore, electron microscopy also demonstrated smooth-muscle differentiation of the tumor cells. The patient has been disease-free for 48 months since undergoing a cystoprostatetectomy.

Genital Neoplasms, Male↗
PubMed1986

Identification and characterization of a vasopressin isoreceptor in porcine seminal vesicles.

Neurohypophysial hormones stimulate the motility of tunica albuginea, epididymis, and vas deferens acting through oxytocin (OT) and V1 vasopressin receptors. To test the hypothesis that these hormones are involved also in the regulation of seminal vesicle physiology, we studied binding of [3H]OT and [3H] arginine vasopressin ([3H]AVP) to porcine seminal vesicle membranes. Neurohypophysial hormones bind to two different classes of sites. The first class shows low capacity (35 fmol per mg of protein) and a very high affinity (Kd less than 1 nM) for both the labeled ligands. The second class is characterized by a high capacity (2000 fmol per mg of protein) and a high affinity for AVP (Kd approximately equal to 2.5 nM), whereas OT has 160 times lower affinity. Lysine vasopressin and the V1 antagonist [1-deaminopenicillamine, 2-(O-methyl)tyrosine]Arg8-vasopressin compete with high affinity with [3H]AVP binding, whereas the V2 agonist [1-deamino,4-valine]D-Arg8-vasopressin (dVDAVP) is 110 times less potent than AVP. The OT agonist [Thr4,Gly7]OT and the OT antagonist [1(beta-mercapto-beta, beta-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid), 2-(O-ethyl)tyrosine, 8-ornithine]vasotocin failed to affect [3H]AVP binding. These findings seem to suggest that AVP interacts with the V1 vasopressin isoreceptor in porcine seminal vesicle membranes. However, AVP stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in a dose-dependent fashion with an EC50 of 14 nM, whereas OT or dVDAVP has no effect at 100 nM. Moreover, a well-characterized V1 vasopressin antagonist, [1-(beta-mercapto-beta, beta-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid),2-(O-methyl)tyrosine]Arg8-vasopressin [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP], competes with [3H]AVP binding with an IC50 of 0.17 microM. These pharmacological properties are distinct from the previously described V1 and V2 vasopressin receptors and indicate the presence of a new class of AVP receptors. Although this vasopressin isoreceptor shares some pharmacological characteristics with the V1 (pressor) isoreceptor, it has low affinity for the V1 antagonist d(CH2)5-Tyr(Me)AVP and is linked to the adenylate cyclase system. The extremely high density of AVP receptors in porcine seminal vesicles (2 pmol per mg of protein) is comparable to the density of V2 vasopressin receptors in porcine renal medulla, suggesting a physiological role for vasopressin in the seminal vesicle.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗