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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The rapid inhibition of urokinase by plasma from pregnant women at risk for abruptio placenta.

Rapid inhibition of urokinase in plasma obtained from women in the third trimester of pregnancy was assessed by the addition of 75 IU urokinase per ml plasma, and measurement of residual urokinase activity with PyroGlu-Gly-Arg-pNA after 5 minutes incubation at 37 degrees C. The urokinase inhibitory capacity was markedly increased for the pregnant women compared to non-pregnant controls. Alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin and alpha 2-antiplasmin did not account for the activity. Inhibition was higher for women with multiple gestations or macrosomia (n = 11) compared to normal pregnant women (n = 35) suggesting that the placenta contributes significantly to the measured activity. Inhibition was lower for women with hypertension (n = 33) compared to the normal pregnant women. Although the etiology for this difference is unclear, the decreased inhibitory activity may contribute to the increased risk for placental abruption that is observed for this group of women.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1988

Abruptio placentae and fetal sex ratio.

In the authors' department, 175 cases of abruption of the placenta - 0.65% of all births at the department - were treated in the course of 15 years. The sex ratio of fetuses in association with this complication was 131.08; higher than those of all neonates during the same period of time. The material was further analysed by maternal age, parity and neonatal birth weight.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1986

Cardiotocographic findings in abruptio placentae.

The findings in cardiotocograms of 18 patients with placental abruption were analysed. Eleven out of 16 cases monitored during the 2-h period preceding delivery had five or more contractions in 10 min, with a mean of 5.6. Signs of fetal distress in heart rate recordings in the same period were found in 14 monitored cases. The diagnostic value of the cardiotocogram, especially the interpretation of tocograms in placental abruption, is stressed.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1991

Abruptio placentae.

Despite our heightened awareness of placental abruption, this condition remains largely unpreventable. The incidence of placental abruption may actually be on the rise due to increasing use of cocaine and "crack" and a greater contribution from abdominal trauma. Whether recurrence of abruption associated with hypertension can be prevented with low-dose aspirin is yet to be determined. Unfortunately, although our recognition of this condition may have improved, placental abruption remains a high cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1991

Cocaine intoxication associated with abruptio placentae.

Acute cocaine intoxication has been associated with elevated blood pressure and placental abruption. A retrospective analysis was performed comparing gestational age at the time of placental abruption and response to conventional therapy for elevated blood pressure between patients known to have ingested cocaine and those who were drug free. Data suggest that cocaine ingestion during pregnancy increases the risk of early placental abruption and an elevation of blood pressure that is not as responsive to conventional therapy as pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed2005

Term abdominal pregnancy misdiagnosed as abruptio placenta.

A 37 year old multiparous woman at 37th week gestation presented with an undiagnosed abdominal pregnancy and acute abdomen following forceful reduction of an associated utero-vaginal prolapse. She had an urgent laparotomy with delivery of a live female baby lying in the left broad ligament. The baby weighed 2.6 kg with Apgar scores of 2 and 6 at first and fifth minutes respectively. The partially detached placenta was easily delivered complete with membranes. Haemostasis was secured by ligation and excision of the left adnexum (broad ligament with the pregnancy sac and uterine appendages). She was transfused with two units of whole blood. This case highlights the importance of excluding pregnancy in any woman of reproductive age with undiagnosed abdominal mass and utero-vaginal prolapse before any manipulation. It also underscores the importance of ultrasound scan in early pregnancy by a competent sonologist.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed2006

A rare form of abruptio placenta and clinical presentation in a preterm labor case: Breus' mole.

A normotensive pregnant woman who had no historical risk factors for abruption placenta and found to have Breus' mole that indicates the pattern of single or multiple hematoma protrude above the chorionic plate was encountered. The case resembled a large fetal abdominal wall defect coexisting with a singleton live-born fetus at 27 weeks of gestational age is presented. The obstetric ultrasound showed that multiple coiled masses in the amniotic cavity, both the fetus and the placenta were normal. After two courses of tocolysis therapy, a healthy and, 1,400 g live-born infant was delivered through cesarean section due to fetal distress. Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min were 5 and 8, respectively. The infant died on postnatal day 6 due to severe respiratory distress and prematurity. This rare condition probably occurs frequently in missed abortion and the etiology is unknown, but is probably related to circulatory disturbance on maternal site. We report a rare clinical presentation and review the literature of Breus' mole.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1998

Hemodynamic changes with paradoxical blood flow in expectant management of abruptio placentae.

BACKGROUND: Because the early diagnosis of abruption often is missed or misinterpreted, emergency situations frequently do not permit adequate management. CASE: A woman of 26-weeks' gestation was transferred with symptoms and laboratory findings typical for abruption. Ultrasound, including Doppler, revealed a subchorionic hematoma, pathologic blood flow in the uterine arteries, low pulsatility index values in the fetal cerebral and umbilical arteries (paradoxical blood flow), and high maximal velocities in the fetal aorta. Repeated Doppler and laboratory examinations revealed a gradual restoration to normal of the arterial uterine blood flow pattern, of paradoxical blood flow, aortic maximal velocities, and laboratory values. CONCLUSION: Serial Doppler measurements considering the paradoxical pattern illustrate pathophysiologic mechanisms of abruption that may assist in deciding whether to deliver immediately or to continue intense surveillance.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed2004

Large volume polymerized haemoglobin solution in a Jehovah's Witness following abruptio placentae.

Severe anaemia, with haemoglobin (Hb) levels < or =3 g dL(-1), is associated with mortality rates of 50-95%. Although accepted transfusion targets have been debated in the literature (Carson et al., 2002; Practice guidelines for blood component therapy. 1996; Consensus Conference. 1988; Hebert et al., 1999), few would argue the risks associated with Hb levels less than 5 g dL(-1) in critically ill patients. In patients who are unable to receive red blood cell transfusions, the utility of Hb solutions is an attractive solution. We describe a Jehovah's Witness patient who exemplifies the marked physiologic derangements of severe anaemia and subsequent clinical resolution with large volume polymerized human Hb transfusion. The Hb-based oxygen carrier, PolyHeme, provided adequate oxygen transport, acting as a bridge until endogenous production could compensate for red cell loss. Practicing physicians need to be aware of current therapeutic options for use in these complicated patients.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical investigations relating to a causal connection between abruptio placentae and subsequent birth of an underweight child (author's transl)].

The question was studied as to whether there is a causal connection between abruptio and birth of an underweight child in the subsequent pregnancy. While the phenomena involved are still largely unexplained, though clearly manifold, which can lead to the birth of "low birth weight children", it is shown that abruptio cannot be regarded as a prime risk factor. A comparison with the international literature shows that the specific features of the patient group investigated must always be taken into account when answering this question.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1980

Rupture of the pregnant uterus.

Ninety-three incidents of uterine rupture are reviewed. There is a distinct difference in both the fetal and maternal outcome between the group with a previously scarred uterus and the group with no previous scarring. Rupture of the unscarred uterus is a more dramatic event. The most common etiologic factors appear to be oxytocin, cephalopelvic disproportion, grand multiparity, and abruptio placentae. Abruptio placentae was diagnosed in almost half the maternal deaths. When the uterine tear is longitudinal, the maternal and fetal prognosis is relatively poor. Fetal mortality is much higher in patients with an unscarred uterus. Hysterectomy was more commonly performed in this group. Rupture of a previously scarred uterus is usually incomplete and the tear is transverse. Maternal and fetal prognosis is much better and repair of the uterus with sterilization is more often feasible in this situation.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1990

Blood transfusion during cesarean section. A 12 years' retrospective analysis.

Transfusional practice over the last 12 years was investigated retrospectively in 1618 women submitted to lower-segment cesarean section. The overall percentage of transfused patients was low (2.4%) and it has become lower in the last four years (1.1%), in concomitance with the development of better knowledge of tissue oxygenation and with the fear of transmitting infectious diseases, factors which have led anesthesiologists to employ blood only when strictly required. Three conditions greatly increased the risk of bleeding: placenta previa, abruptio placentae and coagulation disorders. Previous cesarean section, fetal distress, dystocias and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy did not increase the risk of bleeding and no difference was found between elective and non-elective surgery. Since for elective surgery two units of blood were crossmatched, the crossmatched/transfused ratio (C/T ratio) was very high (60.8/1). To improve blood bank service efficiency, for surgical operations like cesarean section which rarely require blood, it is possible simply to recur to a type and screen (TS) procedure instead of crossmatching blood, but for categories of patients identified as being at high risk of bleeding--placenta previa, abruptio placentae, coagulation disorders--it is advisable to have crossmatched blood available in the operating theatre.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1999

Effects of smoking during pregnancy. Five meta-analyses.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to estimate, using meta-analysis, pooled odds ratios for the effects of smoking on five pregnancy complications: placenta previa, abruptio placenta, ectopic pregnancy, preterm premature rupture of the membrane (PPROM), and pre-eclampsia. METHODS: Published articles were identified through computer search and literature review. Five criteria were applied to those studies initially identified to determine those eligible for the meta-analysis. A random effects model was applied to derive pooled odds ratios for the eligible studies for each pregnancy complication. Meta-analyses were repeated on subsets of the studies to confirm the overall results. RESULTS: Smoking was found to be strongly associated with an elevated risk or placenta previa, abruptio placenta, ectopic pregnancy, and PPROM, and a decreased risk of pre-eclampsia. All pooled odds ratios were statistically significant. The pooled ratios ranged from 1.58 for placenta previa to 1.77 for ectopic pregnancy. The pooled odds ratio for pre-eclampsia was 0.51 and all subset analyses confirmed this seemingly protective effect. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking during pregnancy is a significant and preventable factor affecting ectopic pregnancy, placental abruption, placenta previa, and PPROM. The findings of smoking's apparently protective effect on pre-eclampsia should be balanced with these harmful effects. In addition, the biological linkage between smoking and pre-eclampsia is not yet well understood. Pregnant women should be advised to stop smoking in order to reduce the overall risk of pregnancy complications as well as any risk of adverse impact on the unborn child.

Abruptio Placentae↗